Aristotle on Teleology
- ISBN13:9780199285303
- 出版社:Oxford Univ Press USA
- 作者:Monte Ransome Johnson
- 裝訂/頁數:精裝/339頁
- 規格:23.5cm*15.9cm*2.5cm (高/寬/厚)
- 出版日:2006/01/05
商品簡介
Aristotle is commonly considered the inventor of teleology, although the precise term originated in the eighteenth century. If teleology means the use of ends and goals in natural science, then Aristotle was rather a critical innovator of teleological explanation. Teleological notions were widespread among his predecessors, but Aristotle rejected their conception of extrinsic causes such as mind or god as the primary causes for natural things. Aristotle's radical alternative was to assert nature itself as an internal principle of change and an end, and his teleological explanations focus on the intrinsic ends of natural substances - those ends that benefit the natural thing itself.
Aristotle's use of ends was subsequently conflated with incompatible "teleological" notions, including proofs for the existence of a providential or designer god, vitalism and animism, opposition to mechanism and non-teleological causation, and anthropocentrism. Johnson addresses these misconceptions through an elaboration of Aristotle's methodological statements, as well as an examination of the explanations actually offered in the scientific works.
作者簡介
Monte Ransome Johnson is Professor of Philosophy, University of California, San Diego.
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