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環境監督(雙語教材)(簡體書)
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環境監督(雙語教材)(簡體書)

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《環境監測(雙語教材)(英文)》包括:水和廢水監測、空氣質量監測、土壤質量監測等內容。以英文的方式全面介紹了環境監測技術、方法與應用。全書共分為八章,第一章介紹了環境監測的目的、類型、方法與參數;第二章介紹了水和廢水監測程序的確定、物理指標及金屬、非金屬、有機物、沉積物指標的測定技術與方法;第三章介紹了空氣質量監測方案的確定及監測方法;第四章介紹了土壤的基本知識、土壤監測方案的確定及監測方法;第五章介紹了固體廢物的基本知識、采樣中注意的問題及危險性的監測方法;第六章介紹了噪聲監測的要點、設備與方法;第七章介紹了放射性污染及監測方法、儀器及采樣技術;第八章介紹了關于數據自動采集與處理、環境遙感監測的現代環境監測技術

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《環境監測(雙語教材)(英文)》是普通高等教育“十二五”規劃教材之一。

目次

Chapter One Introduction緒論
Section 1.1 The Environment and Environmental Monitoring環境和環境監測
1.1.1 The Environment環境
1.1.2 Environmental Monitoring環境監測
Section 1.2 Purposes and Types of Environmental Monitoring環境監測的目的及類型
1.2.1 Purposes 0f Environmental Monitoring環境監測的目的
1.2.2 TvDes 0f Environmental Monitoring環境監測的類型
Section 1.3 Parameters of Environmental Monitoring環境監測的參數
1.3.1 Chemical Parameters化學參數
1.3.2 Biological Parameters生物參數
1.3.3 Microbiological Parameters微生物參數
1.3.4 Population種群
Section 1.4 Methods 0f Environmental Monitoring環境監測的方法
1.4.1 Grab Samples瞬時樣品
1.4.2 Semicontinuous Monitoring and Continuous 半連續和連續監測
1.4.3 Remote Surveillance遠程控制
1.4.4 Remote Sensing遙感
1.4.5 Bio-Monitoring生物監測
1.4.6 Other Methods其他采樣監測
Section 1.5 current and Future Status of EM環境監測的現狀及未來
1.5.1 Current Status of Environmental Monitoring環境監測的現狀
1.5.2 Future Status of Environmental Monitoring 環境監測的未來

Chapter Two Water and Wastewater Monitoring水和廢水監測
Section 2.1 Designing a Monitoring Program監測方案的制定
2.1.1 Purpose of Monitoring監測的目的
2.1.2 Objectives of Water Quality Monitoring監測的對象
2.1.3 Preliminary Surveys初步調查
2.1.4 Description ofthe Monitoring Area監測區域描述
2.1.5 Selecting Sampling Sites采樣點的選擇
2.1.6 Selecting Sampling Stmions采樣點位的選擇
2.1.7 Monitoring Variables監測項目
2.1.8 Frequency and Timing of Sampling采樣頻率及時間
Section 2.2 Field Work And Sampling現場工作及采樣
2.2.1 Sample Containers水樣容器
2.2.2 Typ~~s of Sample水樣類型
2.2.3 Water Samplers水采樣器
2.2.4 Manual Sampling Procedures人工采樣過程
2.2.5 Recording Field Observations現場記錄
2.2.6 Sample Preservation樣品保存
2.2.7 Transportation and Storage of Samples樣品的儲存和運輸
2.2.8 Safety during Field Work現場安全
2.2.9 Quality Assurance in the Field現場質量控制
2.2.10 Field Tests現場測定
Section 2.3 Physical Index Tests物理指標檢測
2.3.1 Temperature溫度
2.3.2 Color色度
2.3.3 Turbidity濁度
2.3.4 Transparency透明度
2.3.5 Total Dissolved Solids總溶解固體
2.3.6 Total Suspended Solids總懸浮物
2.3.7 Conductivity(or Specific Conductance) 電導率
Section 2.4 Metal Compounds Determination金屬化合物的測定
2.4.1 Aluminium鋁
2.4.2 Calcium鈣
2.4.3 Iron鐵
2.4.4 Cadmium,Chromium,Copper,Lead,Nickel,Tin,Zinc鎘、鉻、銅、鉛、鎳、錫、鋅
Section 2.5 Non-metal Inorganic Compounds Determination非金屬無機物測定
2.5.1Acidity酸度
2.5.2 Alkalimity堿度
2.5.3 pH
2.5.4 Dissolved Oxygen溶解氧
2.5.5 Fluoride氟
2.5.6 Nitrogen,Ammonia氨氮
2.5.7 Nitrogen,Kjeldahl凱氏氮
2.5.8 Nitrogen,Nitrate硝酸鹽氮
2.5.9 Nitrogen,Nitrite亞硝酸鹽氮
2.5.10 Phosphorus磷
Section 2.6 Organic Pollutants Determination有機污染物的測定
2.6.1 Biochemical Oxygen Demand生化需氧量
2.6.2 Chemical Oxygen Demand化學需氧量
2.6.3 Total Organic Carbon總有機碳
2.6.4 Oil and Grease油與脂
Section 2.7 Sediment Measurement沉積物監測
2.7.1 The Aims of Sediment Measurement沉積物監測的目的
2.7.2 Types of Sediment Transpoa沉積物遷移的類型
2.7.3 Sediment Measurement沉積物測定
2.7.4 Sampling for Sediment沉積物采樣
2.7.5 Measuring Suspended Sediment懸浮沉積物的測量

Chapter Three Air Quality Monitoring空氣質量監測
Section 3.1 Basic Knowledge About Air Pollution空氣污染基本知識
3.1.1 Structure and Composition of the Atmosphere大氣結構及組成
3.1.2 Air Pollution and Air Pollutants空氣污染和空氣污染物
3.1.3 Sources and Health Effects of Air Pollution空氣污染來源及危害
3.1.4 Air Quality Index空氣質量指數
Section 3.2 Air Monitoring Design空氣監測方案的制定
3.2.1 Initial Surveys初始調查
3.2.2 Sampling Plan Design采樣方案制定
3.2.3 Sampling Objectives采樣目標
3.2.4 Types of Monitoring監測類型
3.2.5 Location and Number of Individual Sampling Points采樣位置和采樣點數
3.2.6 Time,Duration and Frequency of Sampling Events采樣時間、持續時間、頻率
3.2.7 Meteorological and Physical/Chemical Considerations應考慮的氣象及物理/化學因素
3.2.8 Calculations計算
Section 3.3 Air Monitoring Methods空氣監測方法
3.3.1 Manual Methods人工方法
3.3.2 Instrumental Monitoring Methods儀器監測方法
3.3.3 Monitoring Methods Used for Specific Pollutants特殊污染物監測方法

Chapter Four Soil Quality Monitoring土壤質量監測
Section 4.1 Basic Knowledge On Soil土壤的基本知識
4.1.1 Soil Formation and Structure土壤構成及結構
4.1.2 Soil Characteristics土壤性質
4.1.3 Soil Pollution土壤污染
Section 4.2 Soil Quality Monitoring Plan土壤質量監測方案
4.2.1 Purpose of Soil Sampling土壤采樣的目的
4.2.2 Soil Sampling in Agriculture農業土壤采樣
4.2.3 Vadose Zone Sampling for Pollution Characterization包氣帶污染特性采樣
4.2.4 Sample Collection樣品采集
4.2.5 Sample Prepare樣品準備
Section 4.3 Soil Analyses土壤分析
4.3.1 pH
4.3.2 Electrical Conductivity(EC) 電導率
4.3.3 Nitrogen(N) 氮
4.3.4 Phosphorus(P)磷
4.3.5 Cation Exchange Capacity(CEC) 陽離子交換容量
4.3.6 Free Lime游離碳酸鹽
4.3.7 Sulfur(S)硫
4.3.8 Copper(Cu),Iron(Fe),Manganese(Mn),and Zinc(Zn)銅、鐵、錳、鋅
4.3.9 Boron(B)硼
4.3.10 Molybdenum(Mo) 鉬
4.3.11 Organic Matter(OM)有機物質
4.3.12 Potassium(K),Calcium(Ca),Magnesium(Mg),and Sodium(Na)鉀、鈣、鎂、鈉
4.3.13 Exchangeable Sodium Percentage(ESP)and Sodium Adsorption Ratio(SAR)可交換鈉百分數及鈉吸附率

Chapter Five Sofid Waste Monitoring固體廢物監測
Section 5.1 Basic Knowledge On Solid Waste固體廢物的基本知識
5.1.1 Definition and Types of Solid Waste固體廢物的定義和分類
5.1.2 Hazardous Wastes and their Characteristics危險廢物及其特性
Section 5.2 Solid Waste Sampling Considerations 固體廢物采樣中注意事項
5.2.1 Health and Safety健康安全
5.2.2 Interferences干擾因素
5.2.3 Equipment and Supplies設備及裝備
5.2.4 Sample Collection樣品采集
5.2.5 Handling,Preservation,and Storage樣品處理、保存及儲存
Section 5.3 Methods For Hazardous Characteristic Detection危害性監測方法
5.3.1 Methods for Determining the Characterisitics of Ignitabilitv易燃性檢測方法
5.3.2 Methods for Determining the Characterisitics 0f Corrosivitv腐蝕性檢測方法
5.3.3 Methods for Determining the Charaeterisitics of Reactivitv反應性檢測方法
5.3.4 Methods for Determining the Characterisitics of Toxicity毒性檢測方法

Chapter Six Noise Monitoring噪聲監測
Section 6.1 Basic Knowledge On Noise Pollution噪聲污染基本知識
6.1.1 Sound,Noise,and Noise Pollution聲音,噪聲及噪聲污染
6.1.2 Basic Knowledge of Acoustical Measurements聲學測量的基本知識
Section 6.2 Noise Monitoring噪聲監測
6.2.1 Monitoring Objectives監測目的
6.2.2 Monitoring Instrumentation監測儀器
6.2.3 Monitoring I~~cations監測地點
6.2.4 Sampling采樣
6.2.5 Calibration and Quality Assurance校準及質量保證

Chapter Seven Environmental Radiation Monitoring環境放射性監測
Section 7.1 Radiation And Radiation Pollution放射及放射污染
7.1.1 Radiation放射
7.1.2 Radiation Pollution放射污染
Section 7.2 Radiation Samples Collection放射性監測儀器
7.2.1 Area Survey Meters區域放射性測量儀
7.2.2 Individual Monitoring Detectors個人放射性測量儀
Section 7.3 Radiation Samples Collection放射性樣品采集
7.3.1 Air Particulate Sampling大氣顆粒物采樣
7.3.2 Precipitation Sampling降雨采樣
7.3.3 Water Sampling水體采樣

Chapter Eight Modern Environmental Monitoring Technologies現代環境監測技術
Section 8.1 Automated Data Acquisition and Processing數據自動采集與處理
8.1.1 Measurement Concepts測量概念
8.1.2 Automated Measurement 自動測量
8.1.3 Sensors and Transducers傳感器與轉換器
8.1.4 The Data Acquisition System數據采集系統
8.1.5 Types of Data Acquisition Systems數據采集系統類型
8.1.6 Data Management and Quality Control數據管理及質量控制
Section 8.2 Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring環境遙感監測
8.2.1 Physical Principles of Remote Sensing遙感物理原理
8.2.2 Optical Properties of Earth Surface Materials地表物質的光學性能
參考文獻~

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For seeding,add 5 ml of a fresh sewage effluent of good quality obtained from a settling tank fol- lowing an aerobic biological process of purification to each litre of dilution water.If necessary,settle (not filter)the effluent in a glass cylinder for about 30 minutes.
If such effluent is not available,use settled domestic sewage that has been stored at 20~C for 24 hours:for seeding,add 1~2 ml of the supematant to each litre of dilution water.
The special difficulties in choosing a seed for industrial effluents that are toxic,or that are not broken down by sewage bacteria,are dealt with in the following sub-section on“Seeding samples of industrial effluents”.If the samples are analysed in different laboratories,better agreement between test results will be achieved by using the same type of seed or,preferably,the same seed.
Some samples may be supersaturated with dissolved oxygen,especially waters containing algae. If such samples are to be incubated without dilution.the dissolved oxygen concentration should be lowered to saturation to prevent loss of oxygen during incubation.The samples should be brought to about 20℃in a partly filled bottle and well shaken.
A few sewage effluents and certain industrial effluents contain either residual chlorine or the products of the action of chlorine on certain constituents.Such liquids cannot be used directly for the determination of BOD because of the bactericidal effect of the chlorine or of its products and also be- cause chlorine would introduce an error into the determination of dissolved oxygen.If the samples are allowed to stand for 1 to 2 hours.the residual chlorine will often be dissipated.Dilutions for BOD can then be prepared with properly seeded standard dilution water.
Higher concentrations of chlorine,and of many compounds containing available chlorine,may be removed by treating a portion of the sample with sodium bisulphite.The treated portion is then used for the BOD test.This procedure will probably give reasonably good results for domestic sewage ef- fluents that have been chlorinated.since the chlorine will be present chiefly as chloramines formed by combination of chlorine with the ammonia present.However.in the case of other effluents consis- ting of,or containing,industrial wastes,the chlorine may have combined with organic compounds present to produce substances which,although giving no reaction for chlorine with the starch-iodide test described below.are inhibitory to biochemical oxidation or are even bactericidal.The BOD,as determined in these circumstances,is generally lower than would be expected for the organic content as measured by other tests.
Should a value for BOD of a chlorinated effluent be required,notwithstanding the uncertainty of the interpretation of the test,the following procedure should be used.

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