工商管理：教材漢譯策略研究（簡體書）

項東，紐約州立大學阿爾巴尼分校工商管理、英語教學雙碩士，復旦大學外文學院英語語言文學博士。研究方向為翻譯理論與實踐，計算機輔助商務翻譯等。曾長期就職于美國丹佛市一家跨國公司的人力資源部，有多年在國外學習，工作和生活的經驗。合作出版著作、教材、譯著等五部，發表學術論文七篇。

《當代外國語言文學學術文庫:工商管理教材漢譯策略研究》的特色在于從出版社、教材譯者、使用者以及譯界學者等多重視角來探討MBA教材漢譯，主要采用了定性的研究方法，以描述現象為主，加以分析和評論，并提出具體建議，在某種意義上起到了翻譯批評的作用。書中結合相關的翻譯和跨學科理論及概念，探討了其對MBA教材翻譯的指導意義，著重考察引進、翻譯MBA教材的背景、特征、翻譯過程以及對譯本的接受狀況，對MBA教材翻譯相關人員提供的反饋信息和具體文本進行深入剖析，總結其中存在的特有現象和問題，并嘗試提出相應的解決方案。

Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Motivation of the Study
1.2 The Research Subject Chosen-Translated MBA Textbooks
1.3 Research Goals
1.4 Research Methods and Data Collection
Chapter 2 MBA Textbook Translation in Modern China
2.1 An Overview of Textbook Translation in China
2.1.1 History of Textbook Translation in China
2.1.2 Pros and Cons of Translated Textbooks
2.2 The Development of Business Education and Translation of MBA Textbooks in China Since the Twentieth Century
2.2.1 Relevant Concepts
2.2.2 The Development of Business Education in China Since the Twentieth Century
2.2.3 MBA Textbook Translation in China
2.2.4 Characteristics of MBA Textbook Translation
Chapter 3 An Interdisciplinary Framework for Studying MBA Textbook Translation
3.1 The Study of Textbook Translation as an Event of Translation Criticism
3.1.1 A Review of Relevant Concepts and Theories
3.1.2 The Implications of Translation Criticism for MBA Textbook Translation
3.2 The Skopos Theory
3.2.1 A Review of Relevant Concepts and Theories
3.2.2 The implications of the Skopos Theory for MBA Textbook Translation
3.3 Intercultural Communication
3.3.1 A Review of Relevant Concepts and Theories
3.3.2 The Implications of Intercultural Communication for MBA Textbook Translation
3.4 Underlying Theories and Principles for Textbook Writing
3.4.1 A Review of Relevant Concepts and Theories
3.4.2 The Implications of Textbook Writing Principles for MBA Textbook Translation
3.5 Collaborative Translation
3.5.1 A Review of Relevant Concepts and Theories
3.5.2 The Implications of Collaborative Translation for MBA Textbook Translation
Chapter 4 MBA Textbook Translation Perspective-Wise
4.1 Insights and Feedback from the Field on MBA Textbook Translation
4.1.1 Input from Publishers of Translated MBA Textbooks
4.1.2 Feedback from Translated MBA Textbook Users
4.1.3 Input from MBA Textbook Translators
4.2 Translation Scholars' Perspectives on Translators and Practical Translation
Chapter 5 MBA Textbook Translation Technical-Wise
5.1 Selection Criteria for Translated MBA Textbooks to Be Studied
5.2 Common Errors and Their Root Causes in MBA Textbook Translation
5.2.1 Translator's Lack of English Proficiency or Specialty Knowledge
5.2.2 Translator's Lack of Cultural Knowledge of the SL
5.2.3 Translator "s Deficiency in Translation Knowledge and Skills or Inadequate Command of the TL
5.2.4 Inadequate Proofreading Mechanism
5.2.5 Measures for Quality Assurance
5.3 Distinctive Issues in MBA Textbook Translation and Recommendations
5.3.1 Regular Omissions from the Original Book
5.3.2 Frequent Re-translations because of Recurring New Editions of the Same Original Book
5.3.3 Inconsistent Translation Quality and Style in the Same Book due to Ineffective Collaborative Translation
5.4 Further Suggestions
5.4.1 The Involvement of Translation Scholars and Translator Organizations
5.4.2 The Adoption of Computer-aided Translation
5.4.3 Comprehensive Translator Training
Chapter 6 Conclusion
6.1 Significance and Limitations of This Research
6.2 Future Research Potentials
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Glossary
Appendix Ⅰ Interview Questions
Appendix Ⅱ Questionnaire

For Vermeer, translation is a type of intentional, purposeful human action that takes place in a certain situation embedded in a culture (ibid:ll). Further detail on the intercultural aspect of translation is discussed in Section 3.3.-"Intercultural Communication".
Adequacy vs. Equivalence
No translation theorist in history seems to be able to get away without addressing the topic of equivalence. Although the Skopos theory has dethroned the source-text based equivalence, it has found a replacement, "adequacy" in translation, to provide a criterion for evaluating translation. Within the framework of Skopostheorie, "adequacy" means that the translation should be"adequate to" the requirements of the translation brief (ibid:35). According to Reiss and Vermeer (ibid:36), though equivalence could be the goal for a translation, it is not the guideline; instead, adequacy should be used as the criterion for translation and it is the translation purpose, or the Skopos, that determines the specific kind of equivalence (e.g. formal equivalence, functional equivalence, etc.) needed.
"Source Text-in-Situation" and "Target Text-in-Situation"
To address the criticism that the Skopos theory pays little attention to the linguistic features of the ST, Nord has proposed a model for translation-oriented text analysis, which enables the translator to compare the "source text-in-situation" with the "target text-in-situation" and determine the best route to go about transferring the text (1997:63). Such comparisons of the intended functions, addressees, reasons for text production, medium, and so on serve to clarify factors influencing translation strategies and assist the translator in identifying pragmatic translation problems (cf. ibid:63-65).
The Contribution of Skopostheorie
Vermeer's Skopostheorie has played a leading role in the development of the functionalist translation theories. According to Tao (2006:23), its major contributions are.