研究生英語教程(下)（簡體書）

《21世紀高等院校教材:研究生英語教程(下)》由內蒙古大學出版社出版。

Unit 1 The Art of Study
Text A How to Mark a Book
Text B Genius and the Craftsman( Ⅰ )
Text C Genius and the Craftsman( Ⅱ )
Text D Of Studies
Unit 2 Work and Leisure
Text A Why People Work( Ⅰ )
Text B Why People Work( Ⅱ)
Text C Work and Pleasure
Text D On Work
Unit 3 Science and Technology
Text A Skills for a New Millennium( Ⅰ )
Text B Skills for a New Millennium( Ⅱ )
Text C Science and the Scientific Attitude
Text D Top 3 Cosmic Myths
Unit 4 Natural Resources
Text A America's National Parks
Text B Bringing a Little Sunshine into Our Lives
Text C Using up the World Resources
Text D A Fable for Tomorrow
Unit 5 Great Thoughts
Text A The Fifth Freedom
Text B First Inaugural Address
Text C A Free Man's Worship
Text D What I have Lived for
Unit 6 Literature Appreciation
Text A The Red Pony
Text B Battle Tactics
Text C All Creatures Great and Small
Text D The Gardener
Unit 7 The Meaning of Education ( Ⅱ )
Text A Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior?
Text B Students in Shock
Text C In Praise of the F Word
Text D The Meaning of Education
Unit 8 Embracing Success Humbly
Text A Copying with the Compliment
Text B Celebrating Successes:The Power of Compliments
Text C Four Words That Changed a Life
Text D Why Do Compliments Cause So Much Grief
Unit 9 Natural Phenomena
Text A Fires of Destruction and Creation
Text B Is Weather Getting Worse? ( Ⅰ)
Text C Is Weather Getting Worse? ( Ⅱ )
Text D Is Earth Getting Darker?
Unit 10 Bravery and Courage
Text A The Real Story of Flight 93
Text B Turning Failure to Success
Text C Miracles of Courage
Text D The Quality of Courage
Unit 11 Life and Technology
Text A Preindustrid Cities
Text B Time and the Machine
Text C Artisans and Industrialization
Text D Henry Ford
Unit 12 Famous Speeches and Great Voices
Text A All lives Have Equal Value
Text B Peace in the Atomic Age
Text C The Strenuous Life
Text D Nobel prize Acceptance Speech

Rather than a particular method, the success of science hasmore to do with an attitude common to scientists. This attitude is essentially one ofinquiry, experimentation, and humility before the facts. If a scientist holds an ideato be true and finds any counterevidence whatever, the idea is either modified orabandoned. In the scientific spirit, the idea must be modified or abandoned in spiteof the reputation of the person advocating it. As an example, the greatly respectedGreek philosopher Aristotle said that falling bodies fall at a speed proportional totheir weight. This false idea was held to be true for more than 2,000 years becauseof Aristotle's immense authority. In the scientific spirit, however, a single verifiableexperiment to the contrary outweighs any authority, regardless of reputation or thenumber of followers and advocates.7 Scientists must accept facts even when they would like them to be different.Theymust strive to distinguish between what they see and what they wish to see-forhumanity's capacity for self-deception is vast. People have traditionally tended toadopt general rules, beliefs, creeds, theories, and ideas without thoroughly questio-ning their validity and to retain them long after they have been shown to be meaning-less, false, or at least questionable. The most widespread assumptions are the leastquestioned. Most often, when an idea is adopted, particular attention is given tocases that seem to support it, while cases that seem to refute it are distorted, belit-tled, or ignored. We feel deeply that it is a sign of weakness to "change ourminds. " Competent scientists, however, must be expert at changing their minds.This is because science seeks not to defend our beliefs but to improve them. Bettertheories are made by those who are not hung up on prevailing ones.