"I know of no competing work that comes close to covering this material. Khalid's nuanced and sophisticated analysis offers superior treatment of the diversity of Muslim societies and the history of Islamic thought in Central Asia. America is heavily involved in this region, and this book is a powerful reminder of the possible costs of unthinking U.S. support of current regimes--it should be required reading for American politicians and concerned citizens."--Carl Ernst, author of Following Muhammad: Rethinking Islam in the Contemporary World