1447

This study reconstructs the relations between the fifteenth century English patron of Italian Renaissance humanism, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (1390-1447), his Italian middlemen, and several Italian

This concise and unique volume explores the vital relationship between testimony, memory, and the community in medieval society. Joel T. Rosenthal assembles various categories of testimonies to illumi

The seventy-three surviving letters written by Florentine widow, Alessandra Macinghi Strozzi (c.1406–1471), to her distant sons first appeared in print well over a century ago, but are here translated

In 1420, after more than one hundred years of the Avignon Exile and the Western Schism, the papal court returned to Rome, which had become depopulated, dangerous, and impoverished in the papacy's abse

Newly edited register of William Bothe rehabilitates a much maligned figure.

The second edition of Steven Ellis's formidable work represents not only a survey, but also a critique of traditional perspectives on the making of modern Ireland. It explores Ireland both as a front

A major contribution to the history of Parliament, to medieval English history, and to the study of the English constitution. ENGLISH HISTORICAL REVIEW

《北京市高級人民法院知識產權審判實務書系：北京市高級人民法院知識產權疑難案例要覽（第二輯）》系在對2013年《北京市高級人民法院知識產權審判新發展》進行修訂的基礎上形成，它從北京市高級人民法院2013年審結的1447件案件中精選了100餘件，按照案件類型總結編寫，同時，附錄遴選了部分更具指導意義的裁判文書，以供讀者參考。

An English translation of Biondo Flavio’s Italia Illustrata, with commentary. In 1447 Alfonso of Aragon, King of Naples, engaged the humanist antiquarian Biondo Flavio to compose in Latin a catalog

Sheila Delany's spirited translation of Osbern Bokenham's Legendys of Hooly Wummen (1443–1447) makes available in modern English the first all-female hagiography. Closely translated from elaborate, La

Bartolomeo Fonzio (1447–1513) was a leading literary figure in Florence during the time of Lorenzo de’ Medici and Machiavelli. A professor of poetry and rhetoric at the University of Florence, he incl

Translation and edition. The additional documents, in translation, comprise a letter by Antoine Malfante, 1447, an account of the voyages of Diogo Gomes, c. 1456, and extracts from JoA￡o de Barros, De

Beatrice Forbes Manz uses the history of Iran under the Timurid ruler Shahrukh (1409-1447) to analyze the relationship between government and society in the medieval Middle East. She provides a rich p

據明．何喬遠．名山藏卷十一典謨記，須於明刊本正統九年(1444)十月甲子，但白雲觀正統十三年許彬撰賜經之碑和龍虎山頒賜藏經旨，都說是正統十二年(1447)八月初十日，不知孰是。計五千三百五卷，通六十冊，千字文字號天字至英字號。

《西天佛子源流錄》全稱《金剛乘起信莊嚴寶鬉西天佛子源流錄》，是明代著名藏族高僧班丹紮釋的傳記，刊印於明正統十二年（1447）即班丹紮釋七十壽誕（虛歲）之後一年，當為慶壽活動的一部分。全書正文共七品，16000餘字，基本按照年代順序，詳細地記載了班丹紮釋自出生（洪武十年，1377）直至正統十年（1445）近70年間的各項主要活動，內容包括其家族背景、求法修行、佛事活動、修塔建寺、出使藏區等各個方面，

Beatrice Forbes Manz uses the history of Iran under the Timurid ruler Shahrukh (1409–1447) to analyse the relationship between government and society in the medieval Middle East. She provides a rich portrait of Iranian society over an exceptionally broad spectrum - the dynasty and its servitors, city elite and provincial rulers, and the religious classes, both ulama' and Sufi. The work addresses two issues central to pre-modern Middle Eastern history: how a government without the monopoly of force controlled a heterogeneous society, and how a society with diffuse power structures remained stable over long periods. Written for an audience of students as well as scholars, this book provides a broad analysis of political dynamics in late medieval Iran and challenges much received wisdom about civil and military power, the relationship of government to society, and the interaction of religious figures with the ruling class.

A study of political ideas in the conflict between the Council of Basle (1431–1449) and Pope Eugenius IV (1431–1447). The supporters of conciliar and papal supremacy each developed a remarkable array of political doctrines, which can now be seen as the immediate ancestors of later, more famous theories of 'democracy' and 'monarchy' respectively. Dr Black discusses both the development and the meaning of these doctrines, and their contribution to the notion of constitutional democracy and of monarchical sovereignty respectively. Both doctrines, he suggests, find a place in the modern state. He also examines the papacy's attempt to forge an international alliance of rulers, based on the monarchical view of sovereignty, against the Council. Extracts from writing of the two leading figures in the dispute, John of Segovia and John Turrecremata, are given in appendices.

李東陽(1447-1516),字賓之,號西涯,諡文正,祖籍湖南茶陵。明成化、弘治、正德年間,他立朝五十年,輔政十八載，官至少師兼太子太師吏部尚書華蓋殿大學士，明代著名政治家、文學家、書法家。其一生著述宏富,且主盟文壇數十載，為明代茶陵派的領袖。 本書對李東陽現存的詩文作品進行了系統的整理，較之原先的整理本，本書無論是底本的選用還是詩文的輯補，更趨於完善。比如，本次《懷麓堂稿》採用未經刪削的初刻本即明正德十一年(1516)熊桂刻本為底本，《麓堂詩話》則採取未經刪削的明正德精抄本為底本，從而使其更接近文本的原貌。與此同時，本版《李東陽集》還補入了作者相當數量的詩文作品。

《生態學學習指導與習題彙編》分為三部分。第一部分闡述生態學是一門自然科學的觀點，認為這門學科已經迎來了它的輝煌時代，提出了有利於認識生態學的十條共識。第二部分是生態學主要內容的計算機模擬，涉及環境因子、生理過程、種群動態、群落演替等17個章節的內容。第三部分則精選和彙編了習題1447道，供鞏固知識，檢驗所學之用。我們衷心地希望《生態學學習指導與習題彙編》，可以成為教師教學、學生自學、複習備考的選擇之一。同時，也希望對非生態學專業的讀者朋友們，打開認識生態學之門，走進生態學這門有趣的學科，有所裨益。

Between the years of 1447 (Nicholas V) and 1572 (Pius V), the Vatican became the official home of the Church, and a succession of Renaissance Popes — who were statesmen, warriors, and patrons of the arts as well as churchmen — turned Rome into an unparalleled center for culture, and turned the Church into the world’s largest bureaucracy.These mercurial popes, such as Alexander VI, the infamous Borgia patriarch, and Julius 'Il Terrible' II, contributed to cultural achievements — the Basilica of St. Peters and Michaelangelo's Sistine Chapel — through the sale of indulgences, and targeted heretics with Inquisitions and witchhunts.In the midst of this explosion of great culture and violent debasement, Alexander VI, father of the ruthless Cesare and jezebel Lucrezia, came to be seen as the embodiment of this iniquity. But Gerard Noel shows that Alexander's legacy was tainted by false confessions and historical myth. In fact, Alexander created the blueprint for reform — the first of its kind

本專著書是麻城第一部資料齊全、內容翔實、分類系統的地方性專著和中藥工具書。本書以通用的分類系統為綱目，共收載麻城中藥資源1519種。其中，植物藥1447種，隸屬於195科763屬；動物藥、礦物類及其他中藥72種。本書以拉丁名確定種質名稱，對各類中藥的藥名別名、藥用部位、生境分佈、採收加工、功能主治、用法用量等內容進行分條敘述，並附上彩色圖片。附錄收載了古代醫者秘傳抄本，以防失傳。本書圖文並茂，具有系統性、科學性和科普性等特點。本書收錄的中藥資源較全，為建立麻城中藥資源的基礎檔案和數據庫做了鋪墊，可供中藥研究、教育、資源開發利用及科普等領域人員參考使用。

群仙集，三卷，明憲宗朱見深輯，明抄彩繪本，五冊，九行十六或二十一、二十二字，紅格紅口，四周雙邊。中國國家圖書館藏，索書號11695。明憲宗朱見深（1447―1487）。明英宗朱祁鎮長子，初名朱見浚。正統十四年（1449），土木之變，英宗被俘，皇太后命立他為皇太子，並立英宗弟朱祁鈺為帝，即明代宗。景泰三年（1452），代宗廢朱見浚皇太子，改封沂王。天順元年（1457）正月，代宗病重，武清侯石亨等發動