Following an explosion of research on Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) ignited by demonstration of the effect by 2001 Nobel prize winners Cornell, Wieman and Ketterle, this book surveys the field of BEC studies. Written by experts in the field, it focuses on Bose–Einstein condensation as a universal phenomenon, covering topics such as cold atoms, magnetic and optical condensates in solids, liquid helium and field theory. Summarising general theoretical concepts and the research to date - including novel experimental realisations in previously inaccessible systems and their theoretical interpretation - it is an excellent resource for researchers and students in theoretical and experimental physics who wish to learn of the general themes of BEC in different subfields.
Explore a thorough and up to date overview of the current knowledge, developments and outstanding challenges in turbulent combustion and application. The balance among various renewable and combustion technologies are surveyed, and numerical and experimental tools are discussed along with recent advances. Covers combustion of gaseous, liquid and solid fuels and subsonic and supersonic flows. This detailed insight into the turbulence-combustion coupling with turbulence and other physical aspects, shared by a number of the world leading experts in the field, makes this an excellent reference for graduate students, researchers and practitioners in the field.
First published in 1949 as part of the Cambridge Monographs on Physics series, this book assesses the phenomena of surface tension and spreading for various liquids. Burdon examines the spreading of liquids on solids as well as on other liquids, including liquid metals such as mercury and gallium. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in the history of science.
In pond, river, and ocean, as a solid, liquid, or gas, water is everywhere. But what does it evoke? What emotions are brought forth when we hear the crash of surf, see the rush of a stream, or feel th
In the adsorption phenomenon the substances from the external environment the gas or liquid are absorbed by a solid surface (adsorbent). Adsorption is used to separate gaseous and liquid mixtures, for
Advanced Computational Vibroacoustics presents an advanced computational method for the prediction of sound and structural vibrations, in low- and medium-frequency ranges - complex structural acoustics and fluid-structure interaction systems encountered in aerospace, automotive, railway, naval, and energy-production industries. The formulations are presented within a unified computational strategy and are adapted for the present and future generation of massively parallel computers. A reduced-order computational model is constructed using the finite element method for the damped structure and the dissipative internal acoustic fluid (gas or liquid with or without free surface) and using an appropriate symmetric boundary-element method for the external acoustic fluid (gas or liquid). This book allows direct access to computational methods that have been adapted for the future evolution of general commercial software. Written for the global market, it is an invaluable resource for academi
In the middle of New York City lies a neighborhood where all secrets are valuable, all assets are liquid, and all deals are sealed with a blessing rather than a contract. Welcome to the diamond distri
Plasma is one of the four fundamental states of matter; the other three being solid, liquid and gas. Several components, such as molecular clouds, diffuse interstellar gas, the solar atmosphere, the Earth's ionosphere and laboratory plasmas, including fusion plasmas, constitute the partially ionized plasmas. This book discusses different aspects of partially ionized plasmas including multi-fluid description, equilibrium and types of waves. The discussion goes on to cover the reionization phase of the universe, along with a brief description of high discharge plasmas, tokomak plasmas and laser plasmas. Various elastic and inelastic collisions amongst the three particle species are also presented. In addition, the author demonstrates the novelty of partially ionized plasmas using many examples; for instance, in partially ionized plasma the magnetic induction is subjected to the ambipolar diffusion and the Hall effect, as well as the usual resistive dissipation. Also included is an observ
High-temperature superconductivity has transformed the landscape of solid state science, leading to the discovery of new classes of materials, states of matter, and concepts. However, despite being over a quarter of a century since its discovery, there is still no single accepted theory to explain its origin. This book presents one approach, the strong-coupling or bipolaron theory, which proposes that high-temperature superconductivity originates from competing Coulomb and electron-phonon interactions. The author provides a thorough overview of the theory, describing numerous experimental observations, and giving detailed mathematical derivations of key theoretical findings at an accessible level. Applications of the theory to existing high-temperature superconductors are discussed, as well as possibilities of liquid superconductors and higher critical temperatures. Alternative theories are also examined to provide a balanced and informative perspective. This monograph will appeal to a
This text focuses on the physics of fluid transport in micro- and nanofabricated liquid-phase systems, with consideration of gas bubbles, solid particles, and macromolecules. This text was designed with the goal of bringing together several areas that are often taught separately - namely, fluid mechanics, electrodynamics, and interfacial chemistry and electrochemistry - with a focused goal of preparing the modern microfluidics researcher to analyse and model continuum fluid mechanical systems encountered when working with micro- and nanofabricated devices. This text serves as a useful reference for practising researchers but is designed primarily for classroom instruction. Worked sample problems are included throughout to assist the student, and exercises at the end of each chapter help facilitate class learning.
Understand multiphase flows using multidisciplinary knowledge in physical principles, modelling theories, and engineering practices. This essential text methodically introduces the important concepts, governing mechanisms, and state-of-the-art theories, using numerous real-world applications, examples, and problems. Covers all major types of multiphase flows, including gas-solid, gas-liquid (sprays or bubbling), liquid-solid, and gas-solid-liquid flows. Introduces the volume-time-averaged transport theorems and associated Lagrangian-trajectory modelling and Eulerian-Eulerian multi-fluid modelling. Explains typical computational techniques, measurement methods and four representative subjects of multiphase flow systems. Suitable as a reference for engineering students, researchers, and practitioners, this text explores and applies fundamental theories to the analysis of system performance using a case-based approach.
Separation processes are challenging steps in any process industry for isolation of products and recycling of reactants. Membrane technology has shown immense potential in separation of liquid and gas
The water coming out of your kitchen tap is four billion years old and might well have been sipped by a Tyrannosaurus rex. Rather than only three states of water—liquid, ice, and vapor—there is a four
Simple, practical, and inspiring tips for cooking, baking, and cleaning!The kitchen is the “hub” of any house. With this compilation of helpful hints, you can keep it running smoothly. Find hacks for the care of kitchen appliances, utensils, and cooking equipment to extend their life span. Discover easy ways to improve and simplify your cooking and baking and advice for saving money and making your groceries last longer. Natural products are used wherever appropriate to encourage an environmentally friendly home.Put a paper towel in with baked goods when freezing them. The paper absorbs the moisture and prevents freezer burns.Place a wooden spoon across the pot when cooking pasta and it will not boil over.For fluffier, whiter rice, add 1 teaspoon lemon juice per 2 pints water. To add extra flavor and nutrition to rice, cook it in liquid reserved from cooking vegetables.When making soup stock add 1 tablespoon white vinegar to help extract all the calcium from the bones being used. There
Cellulosic Energy Cropping Systems presents a comprehensive overview of how cellulosic energy crops can be sustainably produced and converted to affordable energy through liquid fuels, heat and electr
The only series available to explore cutting-edge research in chemical physics, Advances in Chemical Physics, Quantum Information and Computation for Chemistry, Volume 154 focuses on liquid polymorphi
How many rivets and bolts hold the wings of a Boeing 777 plane together? Why does an astronaut’s spacesuit have a layer of liquid-cooled underwear? Who puts the jam in doughnuts?Find out the answers t
For centuries, ancient cultures referred to crystals as the veins of the earth, frozen liquid, and frozen light. Uma Silbey unlocks the secrets of these remarkable storehouses for earth’s energy to re
Megan's voice is liquid gold. She dreams of becoming a star and leaving her miserable life in Jackson, Wyoming. Megan stumbles upon a dangerous secret; it is the height of prohibition and her in-laws
Why is it necessary to strike while the iron is hot? What makes a good liquid crystal display? Why is rubber so elastic? These questions can be answered through rheophysics, using the mechanics of continuous media at the macroscopic scale, and statistical mechanics and the physics of defects at the microscopic level. This book addresses problems involving the flow of matter, covering the main aspects of the mechanical response of fluids and solids to applied stress or strain. It includes the hydrodynamics of ordinary liquids, the elasticity and plasticity of solids, and the rheology of complex fluids such as suspensions, polymers and liquid crystals. Dislocations are described thoroughly, and special attention is given to instabilities. Concepts and physical properties are illustrated by numerous experiments, historical anecdotes, and applications to aeronautics, metallurgy, and geophysics, making this a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students in physics, engineering,
