Cambridge Library Collection - Philosophy

Reissued in its corrected 1864 second edition, this seminal text is Mill's major defence of his utilitarian theory of morality.

The American philosopher William James (1842-1910) outlines pragmatic epistemology in these eight lectures, first published together in 1907.

This 1864 work critiques John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism from a Christian perspective, applying it to contemporary political and moral problems.

Philosopher William James posits pragmatic grounds for religious belief and moral action in these ten essays, published together in 1897.

First published in 1840, this influential two-volume treatise rigorously explores the philosophy of the physical sciences.

First published in 1840, this influential two-volume treatise rigorously explores the philosophy of the physical sciences.

Published in 1749, Hartley's two-volume analysis of human nature, blending philosophy and psychology, influenced scientists, theologians, social reformers and poets.

Among the most influential texts of the British Enlightenment, this 1785 work remained on the Cambridge syllabus until 1920.

A major actor in the American Revolution, the English intellectual Thomas Paine (1737–1809) is best remembered for his pamphlet Common Sense (1776), which advocated American independence from Britain. Although accorded honorary French citizenship in 1792 for his republican Rights of Man, Paine was later imprisoned and narrowly escaped the guillotine. It was around this time that he started to write The Age of Reason, originally published in two parts between 1794 and 1795. In Part 1, Paine outlines his personal religious views and attacks institutional faith as a human invention, while Part 2 analyses the Bible and highlights its contradictions. The work was met with great hostility in Britain and denounced as espousing atheism, while in America it led to a short-lived revival of deism but was also much reviled. This reissue includes both parts and affords valuable insight into radical freethinking during the age of revolutions.

Henry Sidgwick, (1838–1900), philosopher, classicist, lecturer and fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, and supporter of women's university education, is well known for his Method of Ethics (1874), a significant and influential book on moral theory. First published in 1883, this work considers the role the state plays (and ought to play) in economic life, and whether economics should be considered an Art or a Science. Sidgwick applies his utilitarian views to economics, defending John Stuart Mill's 1848 treatise of the same name. The book calls for a return to traditional political economy by eliminating 'needless polemics'. Sidgwick also outlines the need to bridge the gap between his analytical or deductive method and the inductive method employed by Mill's critics, the new generation of economic philosophers including John Elliot Cairnes and William Stanley Jevons. The second edition, reissued here, was published in 1887.

British philosopher and economist John Stuart Mill (1806–73) is the author of several essays, including Utilitarianism (1863) - a defence of Jeremy Bentham's principle applied to the field of ethics - and The Subjection of Women (1869), which advocates legal equality between the sexes. This work, arguably his most famous contribution to political philosophy and theory, was first published in 1859, and remains a major influence upon contemporary liberal political thought. In it, Mill argues for a limitation of the power of government and society (democracy's 'tyranny of the majority') over the individual, and defines liberty as an absolute individual right. According to the still much debated 'harm principle', power against the individual can only be exercised to prevent harm to others. Full of contemporary relevance, this essay also defends freedom of speech as a necessary condition of social and intellectual progress.

This enormously influential work by Swiss diplomat and jurist Emmerich de Vattel (1714–76) was first published in 1758, and is credited with shaping modern international law by applying natural law to international relations. Its argument for liberty and equality proved influential upon the American Declaration of Independence, with Benjamin Franklin commenting on its usefulness to the drafters. The book was translated into English in 1760, 1787, and 1797: the latter version was revised by Joseph Chitty the elder (1775–1841), a barrister and one of the most prolific legal writers of his day, who published more than twenty books on law in his lifetime, and also served as tutor or mentor to some of the most influential lawyers of nineteenth-century England. First published in 1834, Chitty's version amends the errors of the anonymous 1797 translation, as well as revising and expanding the explanatory notes.

Originally published by Goethe's friend and personal secretary, Johann Peter Eckermann (1792–1854) in German in 1836, this work comprises Eckermann's recollections of his conversations with the German writer and philosopher during the last nine years of his life. Eckermann published a further volume in 1848 using both his own memories and material from the journals of Swiss scientist Frédéric Soret, who was also a close acquaintance of Goethe. The work initially sold poorly in Germany, but quickly became popular internationally, and contributed to the rehabilitation of Goethe's scholarly reputation both within Germany and throughout the world. This edition, translated by British playwright and translator John Oxenford (1812–77) was published in two volumes in London in 1850. Oxenford combined the original three volumes, putting the conversations in chronological order. The topics discussed include religion, politics, literature, poetry and natural sciences. Volume 2 runs from September

Ludwig Feuerbach (1804–72), the German philosopher and a founding member of the Young Hegelians, a group of radical thinkers influenced by G. W. F. Hegel (1770–1831), was an outspoken critic of religion, and the 1841 publication of this work established his reputation. In the first part of the book he examines what he calls the 'anthropological essence' of religion, and in the second he looks at its 'false or theological essence', arguing that the idea of God is a manifestation of human consciousness. These ideas provoked strong reactions in Germany, and soon other European intellectuals wanted to read Feuerbach's book. The 1843 second edition was translated by Marian Evans (1819–80) - who would become better known by her pen name of George Eliot - and published in Britain in 1854. Evans was influenced by Feuerbach's work, and many of his humanist ideas about religion are reflected in her novels.

F. H. Bradley (1846–1924) was the foremost philosopher of the British Idealist school, which came to prominence in the second half of the nineteenth century and remained influential into the first half of the twentieth. Bradley, who was influenced by Hegel and also reacted against utilitarianism, was recognised during his lifetime as one of the greatest intellectuals of his generation, and was the first philosopher to receive the Order of Merit, in 1924. In this major work, originally published in 1883, Bradley discusses the basic principles of logic: judgment and inference. He rejects the idea of a separation between mind and body, arguing that human thought cannot be separated from its worldly context. In the second edition, published in 1922 and reissued here, Bradley added a commentary and essays, but left the text largely unaltered. Volume 1 contains Book 1 on judgment and Book 2 on inference.

Francis Bacon (1561–1626), the English philosopher, statesman and jurist, is best known for developing the empiricist method which forms the basis of modern science. Bacon's writings concentrated on philosophy and judicial reform. His most significant work is the Instauratio Magna comprising two parts - The Advancement of Learning and the Novum Organum. The first part is noteworthy as the first major philosophical work published in English (1605). James Spedding (1808–81) and his co-editors arranged this fourteen-volume edition, published in London between 1857 and 1874, not in chronological order but by subject matter, so that different volumes would appeal to different audiences. The material is divided into three parts: philosophy and general literature; legal works; and letters, speeches and tracts relating to politics. Volume 1, published 1857, contains the biography by Bacon's secretary, William Rawley (c.1588–1667), and part 1 of the philosophical works included in the Instaurat

Francis Bacon (1561–1626), the English philosopher, statesman and jurist, is best known for developing the empiricist method which forms the basis of modern science. Bacon's writings concentrated on philosophy and judicial reform. His most significant work is the Instauratio Magna comprising two parts - The Advancement of Learning and the Novum Organum. The first part is noteworthy as the first major philosophical work published in English (1605). James Spedding (1808–81) and his co-editors arranged this fourteen-volume edition, published in London between 1857 and 1874, not in chronological order but by subject matter, so that different volumes would appeal to different audiences. The material is divided into three parts: philosophy and general literature; legal works; and letters, speeches and tracts relating to politics. Volume 7, published in 1859, continues Bacon's literary works including his writings on religion, and contains his professional works on the law.

Thomas Reid (1710–1796) was a philosopher who founded the Scottish school of 'common sense'. Much of Reid's work is a critique of his contemporary, David Hume (1711–1776), whose empiricism he rejects. In this work, written after Reid's appointment to a professorship at the university of Glasgow, and published in 1785, he turns his attention to ideas about perception, memory, conception, abstraction, judgement, reasoning and taste. He examines the work of his predecessors and contemporaries, arguing that 'when we find philosophers maintaining that there is no heat in the fire, nor colour in the rainbow … we may be apt to think the whole to be only a dream of fanciful men, who have entangled themselves in cobwebs spun out of their own brain'. Written by one of the Scottish Enlightenment's most important thinkers, this work brings to life the intellectual debates of the time.

First published in 1782, this response to Raynal's The Revolution of America (also reissued in this series) by Thomas Paine (1737–1809) has been eclipsed by Paine's other work and largely overlooked. Written a year after Raynal's account of the American Revolution appeared in English, Paine's 'corrections' run to nearly eighty pages. His main critique of Raynal is that his argument stresses political theory rather than actions in the real world, an approach that lacks practicality. Paine argues against Raynal's assertion that the American War of Independence erupted over a tax dispute, and downplays France's involvement in the movement for independence. However, while attacking Raynal's influential work, he does so diplomatically, believing that the Abbé was writing from too great a distance to assess accurately the causes and principles of the conflict. This book has been hailed by scholars as the first of Paine's publications to demonstrate his internationalist views.

前輔大校長、江漢聲醫師的第一本人生回憶錄本書詳細陳述輔大醫院從無到有，一路繁花的歷程 江漢聲醫師被譽為「右手寫論文、左手寫書」；的確，這是他五十多年的生活習慣。很多人寫回憶錄是用口述，由「寫手」來寫或編篡，他是拿過金鼎獎的作家，非得自己寫、自己編才會滿意，因此，這本書花了相當多的時間去構成，尤其在選圖、用趣味故事、人物專訪來佐證醫院興建的軌跡。書寫過程中作者幾乎每天都在想，書中遺漏了哪位貢獻於興建醫院的恩人，尤其是捐款的恩人，實在太多了，不管他們捐了多少，在於他們的情義就是很深。在本書付梓前，因興建輔大醫院而纏訟多年的官司，也終於在2025年8月21日經台灣高等法院宣判無罪，讓世人知道有天主的公理正義存在，書中詳細記錄興建醫院的始末及所有細節。希望輔大人都能典藏這本書，認識在百年時改變輔大歷史的輔大醫院【本書特色】1.作者的第一本人生回憶錄，所有文字內容、圖片篩選、位置安排、校稿等均親自執行，可謂費盡心血，是值得所有人典藏的一本書。2.全彩精裝，精選數百張圖片，除了精湛的文字，所有圖片也串起輔大醫院從無到有，一路繁花似錦的故事。3.書中收錄興建醫院關鍵人物專訪，經典故事回顧，幾個特殊的歷史時刻，書中也提供影片QR，掃描後即可觀看影片。

一場水墨藝術與人文風景對話的創作實踐從師古、師造化到師心的創作過程二十餘年來，作者足跡遍佈海內外，行萬里路，觀千般景，寫生創作，累積作品數百件，近日整理作品及相對應之照片各兩三百件，編輯成此書。書中內容從基本筆法，古畫、畫譜之描寫與實際樹石景物之對照；並涉及當代現實景物中的建築、船舶……如何入畫等。為筆墨面對時代性景物描寫的可能性，由淺入深的提出了實驗與檢視之道。透過此書，不僅提供水墨學習者寶貴的觀察與表現方式，更引領觀者理解藝術家如何以水墨的純粹性書寫屬於自身的人文敘事與自然詩意，值得細細品味。

步履不停，逐心而行相信這本書會感動你長達17年積累了數十萬字的心路歷程裡，讀著讀著彷彿跟著作者生命的腳步一步一步走著，一里一里漫遊。在字裡行間中時不時就看到了田野的風景，感受到即便離鄉20多年仍濃得化不開的情感。接著，看一個從安徽宣城數十里外的鄉下到人文薈萃群雄並起的杭州。他初出茅蘆學習美髮，開展他的髮型設計師生涯，再創業成立杜尚美髮沙龍，走到今天，杜尚成為杭州美髮業的旗艦品牌。這17年的日誌隨筆所記錄的並不是作者的創業歷程或是商戰經驗，更多的是他非常個人的心情記事，從農村走到城市，一路創業打拼，中間經歷跌宕起伏，但依舊保持著對生活的熱情，對自己的不斷反思，以及最重要的──對真實和愛的追求。這也是一代人的縮影。慢慢讀來，你也會在不同地方看到自己。【本書特色】知識性──雖然事業成功，但書中很少看到作者得意洋洋或沾沾自喜，反而是他不斷在錯誤中得到教訓，及記錄工作夥伴的努力和情誼，他也不掩飾創業過程的種種波折挫敗，對事業經營者正確的心態建立很有助 益。趣味性──作者個性積極，樂觀，上進，樂於分享，還是個調皮，睿智，風趣幽默的創業者，數百篇日記以輕鬆筆調寫成，全書生趣盎然。啟發性──雖不是文學專業出身，也非從事職業寫作，但作者的字裡行間充滿故事、情感，因為真誠細心，所以特別容易親近。他每每寫著寫著就對自己發問，且常常是哲學性的自我提問，以至於讀著讀著就跟著 他走進一個沉思的氛圍裡。專文推薦──武漢美麗椰島美容美髮有限公司董事長曹騁 百福有限公司總經理許瑞林 旅法作家羅惠珍 東莞名藝世家創始人鄭金城

本書特色★台灣第一本長篇軍事小說！道盡基層官兵心聲，戳破國軍諱莫如深的禁忌！★IDF神秘失蹤，美軍核潛艦負傷遁台，海軍鄭和艦誓死追兇，漣漪效應震盪整片台海，即將掀起驚天波濤！序▍推薦序 《決戰日：兩岸最終戰》是台灣第一本長篇軍事小說。 它以台海戰爭為背景，雖長達15 萬字，但情節緊湊扣人心弦，讀來欲罷不能。即使情節是虛構的，基本的資料卻是活生生的事實，而且大局背景與目前國際環境緊密結合。 台灣長期遭受中國武力威脅，理應是最適合軍事小說寫作的環境，就像美國在冷戰時期就出版過大量美蘇軍事對抗主題的暢銷小說，甚至在冷戰結束至今30 年，類似題材的小說大賣者仍所在多有。但是台灣，很可惜，卻沒有出版過一本跟自身安全相關的軍事小說。原因有二：軍事事務高度專業，一般無軍事背景的作家縱有文筆，很難涉足其中；此外，軍人雖然具備軍事專業，平日任務繁忙，無暇磨練文筆。戰鬥文藝和文宣寫作，並不能真正感動讀者內心。 基層官兵如何看待台海戰爭這本小說跟媒體熱門人物最大的不同，是從國軍基層官兵的角度來看台海戰爭。這是一個長期被掌權者、被社會忽略的角度，但卻是對於戰爭成敗最具影響力的關鍵！裴洛西女士訪台至今，兩岸情勢緊張升級，媒體輿論關注的焦點都在執政當局的政策立場、朝野政客的政治表態、以及名嘴網紅的表演，鮮少注意到站在第一線的國軍官兵內心的想法。兩岸一旦開戰，基層官兵首當其衝必須奔赴火線，他們怎麼看待這場攸關個人生死的戰爭？如何解答為誰而戰為何而戰？是值得執政者、社會輿論共同思考的問題。 《決戰日：兩岸最終戰》生動描述了基層官兵在大敵當前時的心態，其中有無懼個人生死奮戰到底者，也有顧慮身家性命猶豫不前者，更有臨陣脫逃返家照應家人妻小者。這是這本小說珍貴之處！一般寫軍事文章者，字裡行間只會表彰歌頌軍人氣節，如此寫作難免脫離人性。《決戰日：兩岸最終戰》的作者卻是在情節中真實呈現出軍人性格的原貌，加入了人性，軍人血肉之軀便與一般人無異。趨利避凶乃是人性，軍人氣節之所以為人稱頌，是在於其在面對生死時，基於職責必須作出違背人性的決定。並不是每一位軍人都能夠做到這點，作者龍飛將從人性面描述國軍官兵面對戰爭時的反應，還原了軍人原本的真實樣貌。 打破禁忌探討國軍長期存在問題這本小說另一個特點就是打破了軍方禁忌，探討國軍內部長期存在的問題，包括掩蓋問題粉飾太平和形式主義作風、基層部隊武器裝備老舊後勤補

本書特色▌一本結合文學、哲思、性別與倫理研究的深度剖析專書。▌解析魯迅銳利的筆鋒內隱藏起的關懷與溫情。序 無論是在中國與台灣，幾乎沒有不認識魯迅筆下的孔乙己，也還算熟悉阿Q「兒子打老子」的「精神式勝利法」（《狂人日記》）。可是，我也認為在台灣的絕大多數人，即便高中時都曾讀過魯迅的《孔乙己》，大抵都會懵懵懂懂，一知半解，囫圇吞棗。進入大學後，走理工與醫學的大多扔開國語課本，就此分道揚鑣，老死不相往來。即便是在人文社會科學領域，對於魯迅的認識僅止於是民國時期的文學家，而且透過陳西瀅、梁實秋、蘇雪林作品中所呈現的魯迅形象還是高度負面。魯迅被斥之為刻毒不寬容、陰險尖刻的紹興師爺外，還「不尊重底層人民，而是抱著一種藐視的心理來訓斥」（顧曉軍2015：11）。魯迅的心理人格「心胸過於仄隘，把自己世界縮小得無以復加，竟致弄得有無處可去之苦」（蘇雪林1979）。更甚者，在《李敖有話說》的談話性節目中，李敖言之鑿鑿地指出魯迅對提拔他的陳獨秀（創辦中國共產黨），在其政治受難時不僅不能夠如胡適努力營救，還要撰文諷刺將其比喻為吃了滿嘴馬糞的焦大（紅樓夢），儼然是「過河拆橋，落井下石」，李敖帶風向的問道：「大家不覺得魯迅這個人的所謂的文學家、思想家、革命家的這個風骨，有點問題嗎？」（房向東2014：3-4）。 陳芳明（1992）在《魯迅在台灣》一文中（中島利郎編2000），深刻的剖析了為何魯迅在台灣人文學界長期缺席的三個因素，第一、1947年的228事件，使台灣知識分子從此保持沉默。第二、1948年許壽棠在台北遭到暗殺，使得介紹魯迅作品的最大力量從此斷絕（臺靜農、黎烈文分別留在台大中文系、外文系執教、終身不談魯迅）。第三、1949年國民黨逃到台灣，展開積極的反共政策，從此出現長達了40年的反魯迅傳統（國民黨官方的三位御用文人：陳西瀅、梁實秋、蘇雪林；還有台灣反共的另一批打手：鄭學稼與劉心皇）。所以，即使陳芳明的研究結論之一是「從台灣文學發展的實施來看，魯迅對台灣作家的影響是否有那麼巨大，誠令人懷疑。」但是陳芳明對於未來台灣的魯迅研究抱持高度的期待，他在文末中寫道： 相對於中共文藝政策下魯迅的神話，國民黨顯然是過於貶低魯迅的文化地位。身為台灣的作家，如果要正確認識魯迅作品，就必須有能力擺脫國、共兩黨文藝政策的影響。國共兩黨為魯迅附加上去的面具，使後人很難看見魯迅的真貌。魯迅的文學成就，並

你是否對美術繪畫有著熱情，興高采烈地在美術社採買了齊全的用具，回到家後卻發現總是缺少好看的資料來作畫？明明有著對美術無比的熱情，卻總是不得其門而入？其實，你需要的是一本有系統規劃的資料書，帶領你踏入美術研習的大門。 本書作者群運用多年實務教學經驗，整合出一系列循序漸進的靜物資料並歸納成冊，難易度共區別為「個體靜物、簡單靜物組合、複雜靜物組合」三大章節，題材橫跨石膏、結構型靜物、質感型靜物、食物、花

What does the development of a truly robust contemporary theory of domination require? Ashley J. Bohrer argues that it is only by considering all of the dimensions of race, gender, sexuality, and abil

The notion of memory has always been a crucial topic in philosophical discourse. This book re-traces the thought of major philosophers such as Edmund Husserl, Paul Ricoeur, Hannah Arendt, Karl Jaspers

For most early pragmatists, including the founder C.S. Peirce and L. Wittgenstein, vagueness was a real and universal principle and not a mere defect of our knowledge or thought. This volume begins by

The concept of contingency plays a central role in Althusser’s attempt to recast Marxist philosophy and to free the Marxist conception of history from notions such as teleology, necessity and origin.

The essays presented in this volume investigate the relationship between cinema and ontology. This investigation unfolds, on the one hand, through an ontological understanding of cinema, that is, an u