Law Practitioner

Electronic signatures are ubiquitous. Anyone sending an e-mail or using a credit card uses one. They can have a bearing on all areas of law, and no lawyer is immune from having to advise clients about their legal consequences. This third edition provides an exhaustive discussion of what constitutes an electronic signature, the forms an electronic signature can take and the issues relating to evidence, formation of contract and negligence in respect of electronic signatures. Case law from a wide range of common law and civil law jurisdictions is analysed to illustrate how judges have dealt with changes in technology in the past and how the law has adapted in response.

This book discusses the Takeover Directive and its implementing rules in each Member State of the European Union and the European Economic Area, providing companies and their advisors with useful insight into the legal framework and principles applicable to takeover bids in the region. The Council Directive of 21 April 2004 on takeover bids sets forth the general principles applicable to takeover bids and clarifies certain minimum rules with respect to the procedure for a takeover bid, the obligation to make a mandatory bid in the event a minimum threshold is crossed and the majority shareholder's squeeze-out right as well as the minority shareholders' sell-out rights. Furthermore, the Directive defines the authority which is competent to approve offer documents and supervise takeover bids, and provides for optional restrictions on the actions of the target company's management and on defence mechanisms.

Volume II of the International Criminal Law Practitioner Library series focuses on the core categories of international crimes: crimes against humanity, genocide, and war crimes. The authors present a comprehensive and critical review of the law on the elements of these crimes and their underlying offences, and examine how they interact with the forms of responsibility discussed in Volume I. They also consider the effect of the focus in early ICTY and ICTR proceedings on relatively low-level accused for the development of legal definitions that are sometimes ill-suited for leadership cases, where the accused had little or no physical involvement in the crimes. The book's main focus is the jurisprudence of the ad hoc Tribunals, but the approaches of the ICC and the various hybrid tribunals are also given significant attention. The relevant jurisprudence up to 1 December 2007 has been surveyed, making this a highly useful and timely work.

A comprehensive and invaluable reference work for practitioners, academics and students of international criminal law, this series critically examines a complex and important legal area. Volume I considers the criminal responsibility of individuals for the commission of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide; Volume II focuses on these core international crimes and discusses their interaction with the forms of responsibility; and Volume III provides an evaluation of international criminal procedure and the rules and practices designed to ensure effective investigations and fair trials.

A comprehensive and invaluable reference work for practitioners, academics, and students of international criminal law, this series critically examines a complex and important legal area. Volume 1 considers the criminal responsibility of individuals for the commission of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide; Volume 2 focuses on these core international crimes and discusses their interaction with the forms of responsibility; and Volume 3 provides an evaluation of international criminal procedure and the rules and practices designed to ensure effective investigations and fair trials.

A comprehensive and invaluable reference work for practitioners, academics and students of international criminal law, this series critically examines a complex and important legal area. Volume I considers the criminal responsibility of individuals for the commission of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide; Volume II focuses on these core international crimes and discusses their interaction with the forms of responsibility; and Volume III provides an evaluation of international criminal procedure and the rules and practices designed to ensure effective investigations and fair trials.