End User Development

More than Civil Engineering: A History of Hong Kong Development (2004-2024) records the history of land formation and infrastructure development in Hong Kong. The Civil Engineering and Development Department is one of the key government institutions responsible for this development. Established in 2004, the Department was formed through the merger of the Territory Development Department and the Civil Engineering Department.

The Sinological Development Charitable Foundation (SDCF) aspires to help spread 5,000 years of cultural history embedded in the Chinese Classics as a fundamental basis for understanding Chinese civilization. To that end, every year since 2016, the SDCF has provided intensive summer programs by which means scholars from across the globe are brought together in situ (in Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, and mainland China) to learn together and share their research into some of the most important topics in Chinese Studies. Over the last five years (2016–2020), candidates representing nations from Africa, the Americas, Europe, the Middle East, Russia, and other parts of Asia have embraced the SDCF program and its goals. This compendium is published to mark the milestone of five comprehensive programs completed successfully. It includes a sample of the best research by program participants from around the world, along with personal reflections and reflections by professors and tutors allied with

By the end of the nineteenth century, Chinese culture had fallen into a stasis, and intellectuals began to go abroad for new ideas. What emerged was an exciting musical genre that C. C. Liu terms "new music." With no direct ties to traditional Chinese music, "new music" reflects the compositional techniques and musical idioms of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century European styles. Liu traces the genesis and development of "new music" throughout the twentieth century, deftly examining the social and political forces that shaped "new music" and its uses by political activists and the government.

The rulers of the Ming dynasty enacted paradigms of hierarchical order. Like imperial families, households, and courts in earlier Chinese dynasties, they articulated patriarchal, patrilineal, and patrilocal organizational principles as exemplars for families and institutions throughout the empire. Women made indispensable contributions to the development of these paradigms and principles and to the social, cultural, and political fabric of the family and the state. And yet, in the existing literature in Chinese and English women are often burdened with stereotypes, positioned as peripheral, or rendered almost invisible. Reading available texts “against the grain,” and drawing on a trove of evidence from material culture, Soulliere shows how women defined a place for themselves in the multigenerational Ming imperial family, imperial household, and court. The Empress and the Dragon Throne spans the first Ming century from just before the founding of the dynasty in 1368 to the end of the

Sustainable Development of Renewable Energy

◎Aging often occurs due to the senescence of cells in the body. These senescent cells, also known as zombie cells, not only contribute to age-related diseases but may also promote the development of cancer cells, ultimately leading to cancer and a shortened lifespan. ◎The repair of aging cells can currently be achieved through human stem cells or the release of extracellular vesicles (exosomes). Although they can be effective in delaying the onset of aging, we must not forget that there is also a potential risk of cancer development. ◎In addition to the assistance of regenerative cells or exosomes, delaying aging also seems to heavily rely on adjustments in diet and medication—both Eastern and Western—as well as regular exercise. In recent years, the development of regenerative medicine has provided a new platform to improve problems and diseases caused by aging—particularly through the extensive application of stem cells and extracellular vesicles/exosomes. However, since the use of

Essentials of Contract Drafting and Negotiation for Construction Professionals is a practical and user-friendly guide to common practical contractual matters and is intended for construction professionals involved in contract drafting and negotiating. Knowing how to draft an effective contract is crucial in construction, particularly because of the complex and technical nature of construction projects. Divided into six chapters, this guide will enhance and refresh essential knowledge for lawyers and construction professionals who need to understand the principles of drafting and interpreting construction contracts, how to clearly identify and include key elements in these contracts, as well as how to avoid legal traps and pitfalls in contract negotiations and enforcement.

The coronavirus pandemic that broke out in 2019 has finally calmed down in China, after the bungling occasioned by the iron hand of lockdown. But beginning in March 2020, the disaster spread abroad, and at present there is no end in sight. In this work, Qin Hui offers a bracing examination of the impact of coronavirus pandemic on political institutions in both China and the West. Deliberating on the contradiction between “human rights” and “human survival,” he contends that China has achieved success in imposing coercive lockdowns to control the virus, but it will be a challenge to prevent the normalization of emergency measures from worsening human right conditions. The West, in contrast, must learn how democracies can efficiently enter a state of emergency and put an end to these measures at the proper time. ---------- “Qin Hui is one of the most original thinkers and commentators active in China today. In this wide-ranging and meticulously researched book he argues that the COVID-1

In Queer Chinese Cultures and Mobilities, John Wei brings light to the germination and movements of queer cultures and social practices in today’s China and Sinophone Asia. While many scholars attribute China’s emergent queer cultures to the neoliberal turn and the global political landscape, Wei refuses to take these assumptions for granted. He finds that the values and pitfalls of the development-induced mobilities and post-development syndromes have conjointly structured and sustained people’s ongoing longings and sufferings under the dual pressure of compulsory familism and compulsory development. While young gay men are increasingly mobilized in their decision-making to pursue sociocultural and socioeconomic capital to afford a queer life, the ubiquitous and compulsory mobilities have significantly reshaped and redefined today’s queer kinship structure, transnational cultural network, and social stratification in China and capitalist Asia. With Queer Chinese Cultures and Mobilit

This book tells the fascinating story of the development of medical and sanitation services in Hong Kong during the first century of British rule and how changing political values and directions of the colonial administration and the socio-economic status of the Hong Kong affected the policies of development in these areas. It also recounts how the bubonic plague of 1894 changed the government’s laissez-faire attitude towards sanitation and public health and began sanitary reforms and developed public health infrastructure.

China’s ascent to the ranks of the world’s second largest economic power has given its revolution a better image than that of its Russian counterpart. Yet the two have a great deal in common. Indeed, the Chinese revolution was a carbon copy of its predecessor, until Mao became aware, not so much of the failures of the Russian model, but of its inability to adapt to an overcrowded third-world country. Yet, instead of correcting that model, Mao decided to go further and faster in the same direction. The aftershock of an earthquake may be weaker, but the Great Leap Forward of 1958 in China was far more destructive than the Great Turn of 1929 in the Soviet Union. It was conceived with an idealistic end but failed to take all the possibilities into account. China’s development only took off after—and thanks to—Mao’s death, once the country turned its back on the revolution. Lucien Bianco’s original comparative study highlights the similarities: the all-powerful bureaucracy; the over-explo

This edited volume seeks to highlight the development of play therapy in various countries and cities in Asia. The editors discuss how mostly Western play therapy approaches are adapted for use in Asian countries. Having existed for years in the West, play therapy is still in its early stage of development in most Asian countries including Mainland China, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia. This is the first play therapy book written by experts from specific Asian cultures for practitioners and students who are working in the mental health field for Asian groups. Each chapter first describes play therapy development in that particular culture and then uses a case study to illustrate how play therapy can be adapted to suit specific cultural beliefs and environments in order to connect parents with their children or to address clients’ needs. This text will be welcomed by professors, clinicians, and parents of all cultures East and West.

Toward the end of the eighteenth century Ji Xiaolan, widely regarded as the most eminent scholar and foremost wit of his age, published five collections of anecdotes and discourses centering on the interaction between the mundane and spirit worlds, but al

Understanding how the Chinese writing system illustrates universal design features of writing and literacy learning, as well as how it differs from alphabetic literacy, has become one of the cutting edge areas of research in the cognitive sciences. A major part of this book is devoted to the presentation of a series of proposals for collaborative research with investigators working in East Asia on cross-writing system comparisons and bilingual literacy—Comparing alphabetic and morpho-syllabic literacy. The part that corresponds to "International perspectives" proposes new avenues in research on problems of bilingualism shared by speakers of all languages. With a broad survey of research advances drawing from recent investigations, this book will provide non-specialist readers with examples of how the relevant concepts might be applied to practical problems-age of acquisition effects in first and second language development; analysis of language attrition and asymmetries of different k

This volume presents a timely assessment of the Hu–Wen Administration at the juncture of preparing a change of China’s leadership in 2012–13. The assessment is important because the administration’s apparent success tends to create a path-dependent orientation on the part of its successor. Bringing together a collection of nineteen major essays, this book offers a fresh perspective of evaluating the performance and achievements of China in the Hu–Wen era in terms of economic development, the establishment of a rudimentary social security system and her rising international status. The new opportunities and challenges facing China, and how will the likely successors Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang handle those opportunities and challenges, as well as new policy programmes will also be discussed in greater detail. Each essay is written by experts and scholars from different academic disciplines and backgrounds to provide readers with a unique overview of their respective areas of expertise.

The social, economic and technological developments have inspired the advancement in architectural design, construction technology and building services installations in modern cities. Hong Kong, as a modern city famous of its tall buildings in Asia Pacific, has gone through remarkable changes in its building design and construction since 1970s. Building owners and occupants are now keen on achieving better environmental health, human comfort, life safety and more effective use of space. This book assesses the contemporary changes in design concepts and development trends of the major disciplines in building services engineering. Among the analyses featured are trends on heating, ventilating and air-conditioning, electrical and fire services, plumbing and drainage, and building automation systems. Powerful examples of well-known building projects in Hong Kong and Mainland China will be put forward and discussed. Written by a team of experts in the building services engineering discip

This book chronicles Tung Wah’s 150-year journey, highlighting recent developments while outlining broader historical perspectives. Divided into three parts—1870s–1950s, 1960s–1990s, and 2000–2020—the book examines how Tung Wah has adapted to changing times. Through medical care, education, social services, cultural and traditional services, Tung Wah has played an indispensable role in shaping Hong Kong’s development. Amid the city’s political, economic, and social transformations, Tung Wah has continually refined its governance structures and expanded its service portfolio to address emerging public needs. What has remained constant is Tung Wah’s unwavering commitment to serving the community, steadfast in its mission to do good and walk alongside the people of Hong Kong.

Through the unique lens of cross-cultural exchange and mutual learning,this book provides an in-depth analysis of the status and development trends in science, technology, education, and talent development in both China and the United States. It examines key factors affecting scientific advancement and social progress across multiple dimensions一including national scale and economic development, educational systems, cultural elements, academia-industry linkages,research ethics and publication norms,funding mechanisms, and the importance of international collaboration. The book also offers novel perspectives and valuable insights for fostering global academic exchange, cultivating a robust innovation ecosystem, and contributing to a worldwide science and technology community. 本书以跨文化交流互鉴的独特视角，深入分析了中美两国在科技、教育和人才领域的现状及发展趋势。从国家规模与经济水平、教育系统、文化因素、学术界与商业界的联系、伦理研究与出版规范、研究资金资助以及跨国合作的重要性等多个方面，探讨了影响科技进步与社会发展的关键因素，并为推动国际学术交流、营造良好的创新生态以及构建全球科技共同体提供了全新的视角和宝贵的参考意见。 作者简介：Dr.John Richard Schrock,Distingu

攝取兩情相悅表兄弟！生活品質飆升的Happy End♡ 阿直跟在補習班認識的真青越走越近，讓出差回來的晴樹忌妒吃醋。 開心又得意的直樹不管是肚臍的快感，或是考試科目都很認真研究學習， 但卻受到真青出乎意料的指責……甚至把他推倒在地板上準備發起攻勢!?

“In order to afford their readers optimal access to a text that has been poorly understood and unfairly denigrated over the years, in addition to their definitive English translation and their critical Chinese text, Ian Johnston and Wang Ping have provided us with the broadest interpretative context imaginable.” —ROGER T. AMES Peking University The Liezi is a work attributed to the Daoist Lie Yukou, who, according to the traditional account, lived during the later part of the fifth and first part of the fourth centuries BCE. This places him between the first wave of philosophers of the pre-Han “Hundred Schools” (notably Lao Zi, Confucius, Mo Di, and Deng Xi) and the second wave, from mid-fourth to the end of the third centuries BCE. Thus, he may be said to have responded to the former and prefigured the latter. The Liezi we have today is the recension by the Xuanxue (Dark Learning, third to fifth centuries CE) scholar Zhang Zhan and is accompanied by Zhang’s commentary, which is a ph

The Placemakers of Hong Kong pays homage to what local development companies, charitable organizations, as well as the government have been able to achieve in contributing to the enhancement of Hong Kong’s evolving urban and rural landscape. Far from being solely profit-driven, developers and urban planners have been vital to the community by creating and designing urban spaces for the public, increasing walkability, and embracing sustainable design—a process called ‘placemaking’. The book also recognizes that just as important are the subsequent placekeeping activities necessary to keep each project site relevant and up-to-date. Featuring five case studies from the past and one that examines the ambitious and far-reaching plans for the Northern Metropolis, this book tells the story of Hong Kong’s miraculous urban development over the past few decades.

The Glasgow Climate Pact signed on the 26th Conference of the Parties of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 2021, saws representatives' determination for carbon neutrality by 2050. Meanwhile, "Net Zero by 2050: a Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector" proposed by International Energy Agency has suggested hydrogen as a decarbonization technology in various fields. As a clean, stable power with diverse sources, hydrogen provides a promising solution for energy, industry, and transportation, making hydrogen economy a prominent international topic, prompted developed countries actively investing in hydrogen technologies, setting out development pathways, offering policies and subsidies for short, mid and long-term goals. With net-zero by 2050 commitment, Taiwan introduced its goals in 2021, followed by "Taiwan's Pathway to Net-Zero Emissions in 2050" proposed by the National Development Council in 2022, unveiling a cross-ministerial aggregate strategy. Among its twelve

Revitalization in Asia: Adaptive Reuse in Macao, Mumbai, and Penang offers a clear understanding of the value of sustainable adaptive reuse within an Asian context. Three highly urbanized places (Macao, Mumbai, and Penang) are considered in detail from conservation and planning perspectives (with essays and timelines for each). For each place, five case studies offer a comparative framework for understanding similarities and differences in adaptive reuse projects. Six essays examine adaptive reuse in terms of its connection to the three dimensions of sustainability, with reference to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. This book is envisioned as a continuation of Asian Revitalization: Adaptive Reuse in Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Singapore.

This publication, and the accompanying exhibition, presents the vital contributions of two of Japan's most remarkable artists, Kurosaki Akira and Nakabayashi Tadayoshi, who participated in and influenced the twentieth-century renaissance of printmaking in Japan. This cultural phenomenon grew as the artists underwent rigorous training while maintaining a robust interest in traditional printing methods, such as the world-renowned woodblock technique. Coupled with their innovative experimentation, the two printers spearheaded a revival that expanded upon established printing techniques. The unusual juxtaposition of two contemporary artists emphasises both Kurosaki and Nakabayashi's masterpieces and their individual contributions to the ongoing development of Japanese printmaking. This pairing also highlights the distinctiveness, cultural relevance and novelty of their work. Both born in 1937 and similarly trained, Kurosaki and Nakabayashi pursued different topics and employed distinctive

This is probably the first book dedicated to the life and times of the doctors who have shaped the medical development of Hong Kong. It is a fascinating story of how the pioneers transformed a city with primitive medical services into what it is today—a city with advanced medical facilities as in any major Western city. —Dr. Mak Wai-ping Chairman (Executive Committee) and Board of Directors Hong Kong Museum of Medical Science Society The development of Western medicine in Hong Kong to its current sophisticated state over more than 150 years is a fascinating story. And this book tells the above history from a special perspective—the personalities responsible for this remarkable achievement. These individuals, spanning over a period of over 150 years, comprised doctors in government public medical and health services who advocated new initiatives and laid the infrastructure; those who established health policies, and moved the health system forward; the medical educators who trained t

In Christianity and Education in Modern China, Wong Man Kong, George Kam Wah Mak, and other contributors demonstrate how Christianity served as a driving force in the development of modern education in China. Each of the chapters offers new insights into Christian involvement in different issues concerning education in modern China. The contributors examine how Christian missionaries and Chinese Christian educators interacted with China’s social, cultural, and political contexts. Also explored are the Christian legacies of higher education in mainland China and Taiwan, as well as how the spirit of Christian higher education in modern China has been carried on in Asia. This volume suggests that Western missionary and Chinese Christian perspectives of higher education were complementary with each other in modern China.

Benny Chia’s memoir of life on the fringe is a vivacious slice of Hong Kong’s life and cultural development at a time of minimal institutional support. His colourful and anecdotal story will interest culture practitioners as well as the general reader curious about the Fringe Club and its role as a seedbed for local artists and as a venue for international ones, both functions championed by Benny at the helm of this small but important institution housed in a distinctive former ice house in Central.

Pandemic MindsCOVID-19 and Mental Health in Hong KongKate WhiteheadThe COVID-19 pandemic was a global crisis that affected millions of lives and brought mental health challenges to the forefront. In Hong Kong, the situation was worsened by uniquely strict COVID-19 regulations, quarantine measures, and travel restrictions. The mental health issues associated with the pandemic did not end with the lifting of the mask mandate. On the contrary, the repercussions are only just beginning to surface and their impact will be felt for years to come.This eye-opening book tells the stories of ordinary Hongkongers who faced extraordinary challenges during the pandemic. Through a blend of first-person accounts, psychological insights, and hard data, it offers a compelling and accessible exploration of the toll that the COVID-19 pandemic has taken on mental health in Hong Kong.However, this book is not only a chronicle of suffering; it is also a guide to healing and hope. It offers practical advice

The official unveiling of Taiwan’s National Park Service indicates that Taiwan’s nature conservation and cultural heritage protection are about to reach new heights. This issue’s cover story invites readers to probe into the meaning of the three verbs: See, Build, and Achieve. First, see the vision and direction of the NPS’s future development, then learn how national park staff creatively build mutual understanding and collaboration between parks and the public. Lastly, through stories shared by national park senior staff, readers can visualize the process of happiness and bitterness through which national parks endeavored to achieve the ideals of safeguarding Taiwan’s mountains and seas over the past 40 years. The spirit contained within shall serve as an important road sign on the journey toward the future.

In Rosie Young: A Lifetime of Selfless Service, Moira Chan-Yeung presents a brief history of Professor Young’s remarkable career in medical education and administration at the University of Hong Kong (HKU) and her wide-ranging public service to the community over many decades. As the first female dean of HKU’s Faculty of Medicine, her career was deeply intertwined with the socio-economic development of Hong Kong. After her retirement from HKU, she continued to serve HKU and the community up to the present. This book illustrates her many contributions to the development of medical education in Hong Kong and to the university administration at HKU. Professor Young’s extensive public service in the field of medicine also helped improve primary care, hospital care, and public health in Hong Kong. In short, this book provides a valuable record of a female giant in Hong Kong’s medical history and documents her selfless and enduring service to the HKU community and Hong Kong society.

The official unveiling of Taiwan’s National Park Service indicates that Taiwan’s nature conservation and cultural heritage protection are about to reach new heights. This issue’s cover story invites readers to probe into the meaning of the three verbs: See, Build, and Achieve. First, see the vision and direction of the NPS’s future development, then learn how national park staff creatively build mutual understanding and collaboration between parks and the public. Lastly, through stories shared by national park senior staff, readers can visualize the process of happiness and bitterness through which national parks endeavored to achieve the ideals of safeguarding Taiwan’s mountains and seas over the past 40 years. The spirit contained within shall serve as an important road sign on the journey toward the future.

This book is devoted to the systematic presentation of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) and is the most comprehensive book in the classical TRIZ and beyond. It details methods for formulating non-standard problems and various ways to solve them, etc. The book is illustrated by many examples, problems, and graphical material (approximately 300 examples and problems, and approximately 400 illustrations). It describes more than 300 concepts. Materials for independent work is provided at the end of each chapter. Some reference solutions are included. The book is intended for students of engineering disciplines who would like to have in-depth understanding of. It can also be useful for engineers and inventors, scientists, university professors, and those who solve creative problems. Professor and TRIZ Master Vladimir Petrov, is one of the most authoritative students and best friends of the Father of TRIZ, Genrich S. Altshuller. Since 1972, TRIZ Master Vladimir Petrov often con

Taiwan to Launch The National Park service A New Journey in Conservation and Sustainable development Special Theme Steadfast Steps Respond to the Land's Gentle Calls Tracing the Establishment of the National Park Service Cover Story Let’s Protect the Mother Earth Together! Everyone's National Parks! Finding the Way to Harmonious Coexistence through Co-governance Conservation without Borders Transnational and Transregional Efforts to Protect the Environment and Ecology Bridging the Cultural Gap The Ongoing Practice of Cultural Inheritance and Transmission

即便知道不該這麼做，也沒辦法放棄復仇， 因為他只能用這個方式來撫慰自己受傷的心。 窺見亞伯安過去的林孟緒， 終於知道自己為什麼會被大烏鴉選上的理由。 安法賽特從來就不是一個「故事」， 而是透過預知能力所看到的未來， 只是當時的他並不知道而已。 知曉一切後的林孟緒， 做出了絕對不會讓自己後悔的決定── 他是筆名為「小牛」的職業作家， 寫過無數故事的他， 絕對會讓全員進入Happy End路線。

你自由地愛恨自己，你拒絕定義自己，你是自己的花火。 暴食 × 怠惰 × 貪婪 × 傲慢 × 憤怒 × 色慾 × 嫉妒 —此乃日常非原罪，七面向歸結一書：人的表裡深淺。 小說家的人生斷片，拼組為完整的讀者。 不含蓄的小說組合，不害臊的意念騷亂， 同性、青春、婚外、多方、世代、情慾、私刑， 忠於自然流露之慾望， 他們在道德狙擊手的準心中，怡然自得！ 傲慢、嫉妒、憤怒、怠惰、貪婪、暴食、色慾……但丁的《神曲》將人世惡行舉列為七原罪，後世依此界定人的品德與性格。現世裡，諸多影像文字對其之繪述，多屬男性的、陽剛的書寫，本書非男女平權論述、避免抑制、不談信仰而藉由故事傳達予讀者如何找到對自己的破壞、建設與信任；透過文字，照見女性內在深處美麗的「惡之花」。 小說以廣義的愛為例，衍生出愛不得、不得愛、不能愛、愛不能、多的愛、愛得多……愛被代換為種種受想行識，欲念的實踐與阻礙，妥協與不得不之下的自我。本書屬純女性時代錄，剖白與告解之書，所有困惑皆不在敘述前提中，直觀、粗野、鬆綁……妳是你，唯一主詞。 更多討論，歡迎收聽「南方家園小客廳」 https://open.firstory.me/user/ckih360qw5fii0826otr104sx/platforms

In this ground-breaking, posthumous study, the late Lo Jung-pang discusses the geographic, political, and commercial factors that led to the emergence of seapower and a navy under the Ming. While Zheng He and his seven expeditions have received some scholarly attention, few understand the long history of maritime engagement which provided the nautical and technical background for these voyages. The evolution of this maritime engagement and its extension into the Indian Ocean is the focus of Lo’s still-timely and highly significant work. In addition to detailing the rise of the Ming navy and its extraordinary accomplishments, Lo also examines some of the factors that led to the end of China’s first great maritime era: Why did China suddenly seem to turn away from the seas? Were the military defeats in Annam and on the northern borders significant in this? Or were financial pressures key? Empire in the Western Ocean represents the most comprehensive and insightful English-language trea

With the society developing, the legislators of education would naturally put more attention to special education in order to protect the minority and those neglected. The history of special education mirrors the social development of Macau, it is an important indicator of the status in Macau society, reflecting the cultural quality at present and predicting the prospects in the future.

In Daily Giving Service: A History of the Diocesan Girls’ School, Hong Kong, Moira M. W. Chan-Yeung and her fellow contributors present a comprehensive history of one of Hong Kong’s oldest girls’ schools. As an alumna of the school, Chan-Yeung traces the history of her alma mater from its establishment in 1860, to its development over the last 160 years until the recent decade. Having experienced stability and turbulences in Hong Kong in the twentieth century, the school has become one of the most prominent girls’ schools in the city. In several chapters written by other alumnae, various aspects of school life of different eras are reconstructed and remembered. The author and other contributors focused on the postwar era in which Hong Kong grew from a small city to a global metropolitan. The expansion of the Diocesan Girls’ School largely followed this trend. The history of the school has also long been connected with the socio-economic development of Hong Kong society, sharing its ha

This book examines Hong Kong foodways in different periods of social development and hopes to advance anthropological inquiries by addressing issues concerning identity, migration, consumerism, globalization, and the invention of local cuisines in the context of Hong Kong as a fast-changing society in East Asia.

Games help drive engagement, achieve goals, and ultimately promote development within a group. As such, it is important for group facilitators to be equipped with game skills to ensure a lively, vibrant, and motivated atmosphere. This book includes four theoretical essays by experienced game facilitators regarding the concept, practice sharing, and application skills of group game facilitation, as well as a collection of 100 practical group games covering ice-breaking, mutual understanding, group cooperation, and problem solving. This list of games is built on the experiences and contributions of the author and social work students.