Language Testing And Assessment

本書集結六篇論文（第一、三、四、六篇德文，第二篇西班牙文，第五篇義大利文），本書為因應時代變遷下的教育環境及學生職涯挑戰，在教學方法上所提出新的論述及建構。 This book contains essays by various teachers from different universities and departments with the aim of presenting modern teaching methods for the changed learning and study conditions on the basis of theoretical preliminary considerations. Language teachers at Taiwanese universities often encounter similar difficulties in designing lessons: students’ increasing frustration and lack of motivation. Many students experience a high level of frustration and demotivation; they cannot find future prospects in language studies. Confronted with reality of time-consuming internships, part-time jobs and life, many students become painfully aware that a linguistic degree won’t prepare them for later work or provides career opportunities. In addition, they realize their low language skills and life experiences. Aware of that problem, the language departments have to find new teaching methods and create curricula which

Assessment is an important part of effective teaching and learning. It allows achievements to be recognized and helps both teachers and learners to reflect on and review their performance and progress. While assessment has long been an end-of-learning activity to measure what learners can do, the outcome-oriented approach does not always foster learning motivation effectively. A new perspective now encourages ongoing appraisal in the classroom to improve learning. This book reflects current thinking of assessment with a stated focus on assessment for learning (AfL). It informs teachers about the latest developments and provides teachers with important tools for integrating assessment in the classroom. The discussions on assessment theories are in-depth and the examples used for illustrating the concepts are plentiful.

Originating from a genuine need of the secondary school teachers of English in Hong Kong to understand what it means to implement a task-based curriculum in the English classroom, this book aims to support and empower frontline ELT teachers in implementing a task-based approach systematically without losing sight of the importance of grammar teaching within the framework of tasks. Useful examples are provided to illustrate how grammar teaching can be conducted through meaningful tasks in authentic contexts. The importance of viewing assessment as an integral part of the learning, teaching and assessment cycle is also discussed with practical suggestions on developing assessment tasks and assessment assessment criteria provided. In the form of a self-learning package, this book can be readily used for independent self-study or as a school-based staff-development programme run by teachers themselves. Student-teachers of English, teacher educators and curriculum developers will also find

Guide for Design, Installation, and Assessment of Post-installed Reinforcements sets out the installation, design, and assessment guidelines for post-installed reinforcements and fills a much-needed gap in the literature. The technology of post-installed reinforcement is growing increasingly important since reinforcing bars are being used frequently in horizontal, vertical, and overhead applications on the rehabilitation and strengthening of existing structures. Post-installed reinforcements are also used in specific situations in new construction to simplify construction procedures and provide flexibility in design and construction. This book has its main focus on Hong Kong but sets a standard that could be followed both in the Mainland and beyond.

A number of research groups around the world have begun to study how the brain acquires and processes language, but we still know comparatively little about it. Many such groups work on very specific, often narrow, problems. This approach is certainly necessary, but a broad perspective can be helpful, if not essential, too. This volume consists of an important collection of papers presented at the Seminar on Language, Evolution, and the Brain (SLEB), hosted by the International Institute for Advanced Studies in Kyoto, Japan, bringing together distinguished researchers with background in cognitive science, anthropology, linguistics, robotics, physics, etc. Major topics discussed here include: Creoles and pidgins, and their implications regarding language evolution. Quantitative analysis and modeling of various aspects of language evolution, including the evolution of lexical items and color terms, the emergence of linguistics categories, and the dynamics of language competition. The ev

Evolution of language has evolved at multiple levels—from changes in the cognitive processes by which language is acquired in the individual, to language change by diffusion of acquired linguistic features across populations of individuals, to the emergence of linguistic features over phylogenetic time scales. Evolution of language at each of these levels interacts with that at each other level. This volume is a collection of essays by noted researchers from diverse fields that deals with a broad spectrum of issues in the study of language evolution. The principle topics addressed here include: the genetic and cognitive bases for the phylogenetic emergence of language; several distinct accounts of the underlying cognitive processes by which children learn to acquire language; a critique of the methods employed by historical linguists in the last century; the modeling of language evolution using mathematical and computational techniques; discussions on the complexity of language.

Prof. William S-Y. Wang, an eminent linguist, has made significant contributions to the field regarding lexical diffusion, experimental phonetic studies, language simulation and modeling, and aging and language. To celebrate his 90th birthday, colleagues and friends worldwide have contributed over 30 articles to a two-volume Festschrift. The English volume includes topics such as Chinese language evolution, the relationship between language and music, and the brain processes involved in language production. This Festschrift is written by and for experienced language researchers and is also suitable for students of Chinese linguistics and those interested in Chinese culture, history, and neurology.

Dr. Tzu Yu Allison Lin achieved her PhD with her study of Virginia Woolf and London narratives at Goldsmiths, University of London. Her research interests are visual and verbal representations, literary criticism and language teaching. She has articles and books published in English, including the most recent, Art and Narrative (2019). She is teaching at Gaziantep University, Turkey.

本書以述評形式介紹國外英語語言文學類重點學術刊物2018年度在英美文學研究、比較文學研究、文藝理論研究、認知語言學研究、翻譯學研究以及二語習得等方面的最新學術研究動態與研究成果。述評文章均選自相關領域期刊, 如Journal of Linguistics, Cognitive Linguistics, Studies of Second Language Acquisition, Language Learning, Language Testing, Comparative Literature, Boundary-2, New Literary History, American Literature, ELH, Target, Translation and Literature等。 重在述評，務求及時、準確、全面地把握國外研究界在上述各領域的最新研究動態，以期為國內英語學界搭建一座與當代國外英語語言文學研究前沿接軌的學術橋樑。特色在於以述評為重點，力求通過述評及時、準確、全面把握2018年度國外英語語言文學學界在英美文學、比較文學、文藝理論、認知語言學、翻譯學和二語習得等方面發表的最新研究成果。因此，本書將是國內英語學界的填補空白之作。

Learning Chinese Language and Culture is an intermediate level textbook, which was intended to be used throughout the entire school year and designed mainly for students who have completed introductory courses of Chinese as a foreign language. This book illustrates Chinese language knowledge and introduces Chinese culture in twenty-two lessons, covering a variety of cultural content, including customs and manners, holidays and festivals, poems and idioms, calligraphy and couplets, myths and legends, feng shui and superstitions, and historical relics and sceneries and many others. In every lesson, the authors have strived to maintain a clear topic and a coherent structure. They have also endeavored to keep the contents lively and achieve a fluent writing style while closely controlling the structure and grammar of every lesson.

Learning Chinese Language and Culture is an intermediate level textbook, which was intended to be used throughout the entire school year and designed mainly for students who have completed introductory courses of Chinese as a foreign language. This book illustrates Chinese language knowledge and introduces Chinese culture in twenty-two lessons, covering a variety of cultural content, including customs and manners, holidays and festivals, poems and idioms, calligraphy and couplets, myths and legends, feng shui and superstitions, and historical relics and sceneries and many others. In every lesson, the authors have strived to maintain a clear topic and a coherent structure. They have also endeavored to keep the contents lively and achieve a fluent writing style while closely controlling the structure and grammar of every lesson.

Self-Access Language Learning (SALL) has played a prominent part in language education in universities. Its role is to foster autonomous learning among students. With the wide-spread implementation of SALL and its increasing impacts on students, it is important to understand how SALL is managed in order to meet the learning needs of the users in the most resource-effective way. This book provides readers with an understanding of SALL management by setting the discussion against a wider backdrop and also examining details of current good practice. The authors examine issues of leadership and management in education before turning to look at the roles of a SALL manager, and suggest how these roles are changing and what the future may hold for managing SALL. Case studies are used to illustrate how SALL is managed in different universities as a way of contextualising the issues discussed in the book. The book is of relevance to institutional and departmental managers, classroom-based lan

This reader is designed for an intermediate-level Chinese course in which students not only develop proficiency in the Chinese language but also gain some knowledge of Chinese culture. It consists of twenty-two lessons, which are arranged according to their level of difficulty. Each lesson contains a core text and a reading text. The contents of the texts cover a wide variety of topics, including Chinese language structures and characters, Chinese customs, proverbs, holidays, social phenomena, religions, poetry and geography, as well as Chinese folklore. A list of questions for group discussion follows the text in each chapter to help students further explore issues related to Chinese culture and to their own lives. Grammar notes and exercises for relevant grammatical points are introduced after each core text to enhance students’ skills of reading, comprehension and writing. The grammar notes are all explained in English and illustrated through sample sentences in Chinese with Engli

《英语视听说教程》每册 8 个单元，每个单元围绕一个主题，由 Listening and Reading（听读）、Listening and Speaking（听说）、Listening and Thinking（听思）和 Practice and Assessment（实践和自测）四部分组成。

Appropriate for use by students at varying levels of competence, Burmese: A Cultural Approach provides a thorough and systematic introduction to the Burmese writing system in Part One and a series of true-to-life conversations in Part Two. Students with some prior knowledge of the spoken language but little familiarity with the Burmese script can use Part One to solidify their grasp of the Burmese sound system as well as its orthography. Intrepid beginners could also start their study of the language by making use of Part One. Doing so would mean making a slower start at formulating phrases as compared to using a romanization system but learners would gain a firmer foundation for the later—and eventually, faster—development of their speaking and reading skills. The conversations in Part Two are extensively annotated in order to illustrate grammatical patterns, characteristic turns of phrase, and typical habits of social interaction. True to an anthropological approach to language le

English Explained explores the areas of English grammar that are most affected by misinformation and confusion and supplies the learner with the knowledge to finally grasp the workings of this multifaceted language. The fifty sections of English Explained cover the misunderstood, the misleading, and anything that appears to break the standard grammar ‘rules’ we are all taught. The book has been written, in the first instance, for teachers and prospective teachers (TESOL/TEFL) whose first language is not English. A key aim of the book, then, is assisting both students and teachers on a practical level by equipping them with the knowledge and the awareness to answer any challenging questions a teacher or an enquiring student may pose over the course of an English class. It will also prove invaluable to students of all disciplines who seek a better grasp and understanding of English grammar—essential for achieving competency in both writing and reading.

Understanding how the Chinese writing system illustrates universal design features of writing and literacy learning, as well as how it differs from alphabetic literacy, has become one of the cutting edge areas of research in the cognitive sciences. A major part of this book is devoted to the presentation of a series of proposals for collaborative research with investigators working in East Asia on cross-writing system comparisons and bilingual literacy—Comparing alphabetic and morpho-syllabic literacy. The part that corresponds to "International perspectives" proposes new avenues in research on problems of bilingualism shared by speakers of all languages. With a broad survey of research advances drawing from recent investigations, this book will provide non-specialist readers with examples of how the relevant concepts might be applied to practical problems-age of acquisition effects in first and second language development; analysis of language attrition and asymmetries of different k

This volume presents a timely assessment of the Hu–Wen Administration at the juncture of preparing a change of China’s leadership in 2012–13. The assessment is important because the administration’s apparent success tends to create a path-dependent orientation on the part of its successor. Bringing together a collection of nineteen major essays, this book offers a fresh perspective of evaluating the performance and achievements of China in the Hu–Wen era in terms of economic development, the establishment of a rudimentary social security system and her rising international status. The new opportunities and challenges facing China, and how will the likely successors Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang handle those opportunities and challenges, as well as new policy programmes will also be discussed in greater detail. Each essay is written by experts and scholars from different academic disciplines and backgrounds to provide readers with a unique overview of their respective areas of expertise.

Travels and Revelations: 23 Essays by Zhang Chengzhi is about cultures which the author knows intimately. With sophisticated sensibility, he describes the tangible cultures of Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang in recent decades – the landscapes and cityscapes, the roads and waterways, the rural and urban dwellings, the working and living habits, and the outstanding symbols and totems. Like a traveller pausing before stunning scenery – the Mongolian grasslands, the yellow-earth plateaus, the Yellow River’s mighty gorges – he reflects on the intangible cultures that have made the Han, the Hui, the Mongolian and the Uyghur peoples who they are, and contemplates on their language usages, socio-political dilemmas, philosophical traditions, beliefs and biases and their religious aspirations. These essays show how deeply Zhang Chengzhi understands modern China’s painful evolution through war and revolution and how deeply he is attached to his Hui–Muslim roots. They also

內容簡介 The transmission of Buddhism to China gave rise to a uniquely rich and systematic monastic tradition. One Hundred Lessons on Monastery Languages & Affairs offers an in-depth exploration of this tradition through six themes: Monastery Systems, Monastic Precepts, Temple Undertakings, Cultivation and Gatherings, Organizational Management, and Spread of Buddhism. Drawing from decades of lived experience, it guides readers through the past, present, and evolving future of Chinese Buddhist monasticism. 目錄 VOLUME 1 MONASTERY SYSTEMS Table of Contents About Venerable Master Hsing Yun Translator’s Introduction Preface Lesson One: Types of Buddhist Monasteries Lesson Two: Monasteries in the Mainland China Lesson Three: Layout of a Monastery Lesson Four: The Forty-Eight Positions Lesson Five: The Meaning of “Unit” Lesson Six: Monastery Anecdotes Lesson Seven: Buddhist Titles Lesson Eight: Monastery Language Lesson Nine: A Day in Monastery Lesson Ten: The Four Main Halls Lesson Eleven: Mona

本教材基于Microsoft SQL Server和Neo4j环境，介绍了如何利用SQL(Structure Query Language)和CQL(Cyber Query Language)语言开展对同源库、表和数据对象进行增、删、改、查等数据库管理和应用工作，并综合应用Python下的相关功能库，对SQL数据进行处理，进而利用Neo4j接口将

Taking the “tidal wave” of memory in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century as its starting point, this monograph explores collective memory of World War II in East Asia (1937–1945) through film. Weiss argues that Chinese, Japanese, and American remembrance of World War II is intertwined in what she terms a “memory loop,” the transnational mediation and remediation of war narratives. Gender is central to this process, as the changing representation of male soldiers, political leaders, and patriarchal father figures within these narratives reveals Japanese and Chinese challenges to each other and to the perceived “foundational” American narrative of the war. This process continues to intensify due to the globally visible nature of the memory loop, which drives this cycle of transmission, translation, and reassessment. This volume is the first to bring together a collection of Chinese and Japanese war films that have received little attention in English-language literature. I

In this ground-breaking, posthumous study, the late Lo Jung-pang discusses the geographic, political, and commercial factors that led to the emergence of seapower and a navy under the Ming. While Zheng He and his seven expeditions have received some scholarly attention, few understand the long history of maritime engagement which provided the nautical and technical background for these voyages. The evolution of this maritime engagement and its extension into the Indian Ocean is the focus of Lo’s still-timely and highly significant work. In addition to detailing the rise of the Ming navy and its extraordinary accomplishments, Lo also examines some of the factors that led to the end of China’s first great maritime era: Why did China suddenly seem to turn away from the seas? Were the military defeats in Annam and on the northern borders significant in this? Or were financial pressures key? Empire in the Western Ocean represents the most comprehensive and insightful English-language trea

內容簡介 ˙The learning goals that center on the thematic units are set in accordance with the language proficiency levels, established by the ACTFL ˙To Comply with the pedagogical principle of backward design to establish the teaching/learning goals for the intermediate learner of Chinese ˙Integrates into its thematic contents the ACTFL-defined, three mores of language uses as well the 5C concepts ˙Assist the learner to achieve holistic progress and to cultivate specific linguistic abilities of Chinese ˙The selecting of keywords/phrases in thetextbooks is greatly in line with vocabulary levels defined by the HSK and by the TOCFL. The regional difference in language uses between the two sides of theTaiwan Strait are also meticulously annotated in the textbooks In recent years, the background of learners has become diversified, and the number of self-study students of elementary Chinese is also increasing. On the pedagogical front, however, learning materials, found to be biased towards s

Studies in Colloquial Chinese and Its History: Dialect and Text presents cutting-edge research into issues regarding prestige colloquial languages in China in their spoken forms and as well as their relationship to written forms and the colloquial literary language. These include the standard regional languages and prestige dialects of the past, the influence of historical forms of spoken Chinese on written Chinese, the history of guānhuà and the history of báihuà, proto-dialects and supra-regional common languages (koines), and their relationship to spoken dialects. The various studies in this collection focus on the dialect groups with the most substantial written tradition, including Mandarin, Wu, Min, and Cantonese, in north, central and eastern coastal, and southern China respectively. The contributors explore the histories of these dialects in their written and spoken forms, presenting a variegated view of the history and development of the regional forms, including their evoluti

《英语读写译教程》每册 8 个单元，每个单元围绕一个主题，由 Reading（阅读）、Writing（写作）、Translation（翻译）和 Practice & Assessment（实践和自测）四部分组成。

《英语读写译教程》每册 8 个单元，每个单元围绕一个主题，由 Reading（阅读）、Writing（写作）、Translation（翻译）和 Practice & Assessment（实践和自测）四部分组成。

Focusing on the latest management trends, Transformational HRM Practices for Hong Kong provides HR professionals with a comprehensive and accessible guide to human resource management in Hong Kong. Written by a leading team of HR professionals, psychologists, legal experts, and academics, the book provides up-to-date coverage of current practices, laws and procedures, as well as guidance on the professional skills required to operate successfully in the region. Suitable for practitioners and students alike, the book contains authentic case studies in local context and sets out the latest strategies for talent acquisition and assessment as well as performance and rewards management. It provides essential coverage of organizational change management, recent technological advancements in the field, and outlines the development of Hong Kong’s employment laws and their likely implications for professionals. In one volume, this book provides the key information, guidance, and context HR pro

Lens on China: Intermediate and Advanced Readings on Film for Learning Chinese is an innovative textbook that uses film to teach Mandarin Chinese. It not only provides students with a non-traditional way to learn Chinese by combining visual and textual materials, but also creates real, sociocultural and linguistic situations where students can use their acquired skills. Each lesson of the textbook focuses on one film in a highly engaging and effective way of learning. Each lesson comes with a comprehensive vocabulary list, detailed grammar explanations, and exercises in various forms. Such a design ensures a balance between basic language training in vocabulary and grammatical structure, and more advanced goals in interactive communication and in-depth reflection. Ten films are chosen to help the student achieve sociocultural knowledge that will deepen their understanding of contemporary China. Half of the films selected are light-hearted works on youth, love, and aspirations, with d

…. to imagine a language means to imagine a form of life. ––Ludwig Wittgenstein (Philosophical Investigation, 1953) Whatever specific goal motivated people who study Chinese at first eventually dissolves into the larger Chinese world, and that world—its loves and joys, its stings and frustrations, in any case its incapability of being boring—takes over. This is a fascinating, insightful collection of essays by some of the world’s most renowned China experts, who share personal recollections of their time in China—often beginning in the 1970s, when foreigners were just beginning to navigate the linguistic and cultural terrain of that country—and reflect on what learning Chinese has meant to them in their careers and lives. These ten native English speakers share rare and, at times, humorous and intimate moments, of how learning and speaking Chinese has removed barriers, built rapport, opened doors and sometimes led them down entirely unexpected roads that have changed the course of th

This is a novel, not a text book, although the reader may like to use some of the content of this book for German language teaching or learning. This is a novel that is intended to serve a dual purpose: For reading pleasure and for picking up and/or boosting one’s existing knowledge of German. The book should be read chapter by chapter, starting from Part I all the way to the end of Part II, as the story and the progression of the language instruction and discussion follow a linear thread. As far as the story goes, the reader will find the two main characters, William and Becky from Hong Kong, both college students who have just completed their first year of a degree programme and are now on exchange to University of Freiburg in Germany for a semester – August to December, which eventually turns out to be a bit longer, extending to end of February. This is part of an internationalization programme that they are going through and capitalizing on. On arrival in Germany their first stop

《邊學邊用：粵語聽說教材（二）》是為非華語母語背景的學習者編寫的以粵語作為二語學習的教材。本書課本內容取材自生活場景，提供常用詞彙，並附上活學活用的練習，讓學習者能在日常生活中靈活使用粵語。 “Cantonese in Communication”is a series of textbooks designed for learners learning Cantonese as a second language. It targets to use daily language scenarios, useful vocabulary, lively conversations and exercise in a practical way. It is meant for learners with no Chinese background to use Cantonese in their daily life.

The genre of poems that may be read both forward and backward, producing different creations was known as the “flight of wild geese.” These poems were often sent so that a distant lover, like the migrating birds, would return. Its greatest practitioner, and the focus of this critical anthology, is Su Hui, a woman who, in the 4th Century, embroidered a silk for her distant husband using a grid of 840 characters that created perhaps 12,000 ways to read this poem. With examples from the 3rd to the 19th centuries, Michele Metail describes reversible poems as “a singular adventure at the edge of meaning, of language, and of writing.”

Li He is the bad-boy poet of the late Tang Dynasty. A Song dynasty critic once described Li He’s poetry as written in the “language of a demonic immortal” and filled with hallucinatory evocations of goddesses, beautiful courtesans, Buddhist visions, drunken nights, and corruption. As the scholar Anne M. Birrell, writes, “Of all the Tang poets, even of all Chinese poets, he best speaks for our disconcerting times.” Modern critics have compared him to Rimbaud, Baudelaire, and Keats. In the crystalline translations by the noted scholar J. D. Frodsham, the 1983 edition of this book has been out of print for decades.

With the rapid expansion of higher education institutions throughout the world and education’s increasingly market-based orientation, students, parents, higher educators, employers and governments have a much greater interest in the actual academic quality of universities and colleges in various dimensions in the era of globalization. Universities and colleges are definitely beginning to take on accountability toward related members of the school and societies in the same way that private enterprise does. In this way, universities are supposed to act as an effective organizer and a good learner on how to improve their quality, particularly in research and teaching quality, through several assessment tools. Hence, a major concern for Asian governments is how to assure quality in higher education and how to enhance global competitiveness through a variety of national policies and institutional engagement. As a result, quality assurance mechanisms, which emphasize output monitoring and me

Selected as One of the Sixty-five Masterpieces for the UNESCO Collection of Representative Works The fu, or rhyme-prose, is a major poetic form in Chinese literature, most popular between the 2nd century b.c. and 6th century a.d. Unlike what is usually considered Chinese poetry, it is a hybrid of prose and rhymed verse, more expansive than the condensed lyrics, verging on what might be called Whitmanesque. The thirteen long poems included here are descriptions of and meditations on such subjects as mountains and abandoned cities, the sea and the wind, owls and goddesses, partings and the idle life. Burton Watson is universally considered the foremost English-language translator of classical Chinese and Japanese literature for the past five decades. Gary Snyder calls him a "great and graceful scholar," and Robert Aitken has written that "Burton Watson is a superb translator because he knows what literature is." Here his seemingly effortless translations are accompanied by a comprehens

Since the appearance of Roads Range Far: Selected Poems of Bai Chuan (道路遠近：白川詩選) in its original native language, there has been a demand for a serious attempt to transform its international outlook into an international readership. In response to this, the present English edition offers not a slavish translation. Instead, there is perhaps a true sense of creative effort, to say nothing of the venture itself being a rich and rewarding experience.

Professor William S-Y. Wang is among the most influential contemporary linguists. For several decades, he has been leading the development of Chinese Linguistics to a higher level. Professor Wang established the famous theory of lexical diffusion, advocating an evolutionary perspective and interdisciplinary methods for research on language and linguistics. His writings have appeared in handbooks, textbooks, encyclopedias, numerous technical journals, and have been translated into several languages. On the occasion of his 80th birthday, numerous pupils and colleagues of Professor Wang come together for the compilation of the Festschrift to pay tribute to him. The Festschrift has over sixty contributions by scholars from Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, East Asia, North America and Europe, partitioned in Chinese and English volumes. Authors are active in areas of various linguistic frontiers, investigating language and linguistics from an interdisciplinary perspective. Most of the con

Financial statements facilitate the communication between corporations and various stakeholders. The integrity, stability and transparency of such communication help preserving Hong Kong as a top global financial centre. To many laypersons, looking through financial statements can be like reading novels in a foreign language, with a sea of jargon obscuring the statements’ true meaning. Financial Analysis in Hong Kong 2nd Edition is a product of experience, feedback and chapter review as well as an update of the changes in practices, guidelines, standards and legislations since its 1st edition in 2008. This 2nd edition provides a clear, concise reference for analysing corporations’ financial statements. Based on the evaluations of published financials, this book is a convenient standalone guide for both novices and financial professionals in the boardroom and beyond.

Punctuated by a string of "surprising events" and even alarming incidents in the crucial "sunset era" of Donald Tsang, the second Chief Executive of the Hong Kong SAR, how shall we rate Tsang's performance during this 7-year term? This weighty monograph offers an authoritative academic critique of the HKSAR Government’s performance in various policy areas and state–society interactive topical dimensions under the Tsang years from 2005 to 2012. By inviting contributions from a number of scholars specialising in different research disciplines, the volume in 18 chapters covers a lot of key issues and public policy areas that constitute a very rich combination of analytical narratives from multi-disciplinary perspectives. The massive coverage of this book, while exemplifying the criticality of Tsang's era when handling challenges of these aspects, will provide readers with a thorough assessment of the government during the Tsang years in a broader comparative context and on a contemporar