Perception

目錄 相遇在感性的凹洞－輕讀林鴻文老師的創作／豆子(李書斾) Rendezvous in the Crevasse of Perception－An Insight into Hong-wen Lin`s Art／Do-Zhi 內文 林鴻文 簡歷

Chinese medicine has a rich history that has only been made more complex by its integration with `Western' biomedicine. Legitimization of Chinese medicine in biomedicine-dominated health systems, such as that in Hong Kong, has posed significant issues. This anthology of articles explores relevant social issues related to various Chinese medicine treatments, including acupuncture and medicinal oils, as well as insight into practitioner licensing and public perception. Each chapter tackles a topic related to the complicated process of legitimizing knowledge and power within a specific social and historical context. Written by professors and researchers with extensive knowledge of Chinese medicine, government regulation, and sociology, this collection provides an overview of the challenges and current social context of Chinese medicine that affect students and practitioners of Chinese medicine, health and para-health biomedical professionals, and patients alike. Traditional Chinese Me

This study attempts to analyze systematically the rationale, evolution, and consequences of Chiang Kai-shek's "unity before resistance" doctrine, which was the basis of Nanking's appeasement policy. The author argues that there were a number of independent variables that influenced Nanking's attitude toward Japan: 1) the internal disintegration of China; 2) factional conflicts within the Kuomintang; 3) ineffective administration; 4) the vicissitudes of nationalism; 5) the material backwardness of China; and 6) international mediation. All of these factors were interrelated. The intervening variables were Chiang Kai-shek's personality, his patterns of political behavior, his way of ruling, and his perception of internal and external crises. By adopting the temporary appeasement policy toward Japan, Chiang hoped to gain enough time to consolidate China and his supreme leadership. But Chiang’s appeasement policy in fact engaged his government in two races - one with Japanese aggression an

Sino-French Trade at Canton, 1698–1842 presents a rare and lively view of the French experience at Canton, and calls for a reappraisal of France’s role in that trade. France was one of the two most important Western powers in the eighteenth century, and was home to one of the three major European East India companies. Yet the nation is woefully underrepresented in Canton trade scholarship. Susan E. Schopp rescues the French from the sidelines, showing that they exerted a presence that, though closely watched by their rivals, is today largely unrecognized. Their contributions were diverse, ranging from finding new sea routes to inspiring the renovation of hong façades. Consequently, to ignore the French, or to dismiss them as simply “also-rans,” results in a skewed perception of the Canton system. Schopp also demonstrates that while the most distinctive aspect of the French model of company trade was the dominant role of the state—indeed, the French East India Company has been memorabl

The papers in this publication are studies on the Chinese communicity in Malaysia in relation to developments in Southeast Asia. The formation of Chinese communities in the region were established by waves of migration into the region over periods of time. However, given the proximity to China, there has been and there will always be the reminder of an exogenous influence, the China factor, on the Chinese communities in the region. In fact the Xinhua News Agency from the People's Republic of China reported recently, with pride, that there are now an estimated forty five million Overseas Chinese all over the world. Studies as presented by the authors indicate the diversity of the Chinese community in Malaysia. Often the community is mistakenly perceived as a monolithic entity. The truth could not be more different. The community comprise minority groups such as Chinese Muslims, Chinese Christians and Peranakans, besides the common perception of only Buddhists and Taoists. All are Malay

身為管理者的你，曾否遭遇這些員工問題？ •如何帶領可堪造就但卻自我膨脹的年輕部屬？ •如何帶領年紀大到可以當我父親的年長部屬？ •如何防止能力卓絕的高階人才跳槽？ •如何處置長期不稱職的員工？ 員工問題之根源 •欠缺訓練 •激勵不足 •環境阻礙 •任用失當 診斷與處理員工問題所應具備之五種心態 ◎心態一：凡事先求諸己，後求諸人 就一般人的行為觀察，自己往往最看不清楚自己。在家庭裡，有些問題兒童可能是問題父母所造成；在學校裡，有些問題學生可能是問題老師所造成；在企業裡，有些問題員工可能是問題管理者所造成。可是令人深感遺憾的是，這些居上位的問題父母、問題老師與問題管理者卻搞不清楚，他們本身可能是問題的根源！ ◎心態二：防患重於治亂 根據管理者處理員工問題的方式，我們可以將管理者區分為四個等级：最差的是「問題迴避者」，次差的是「問題解決者」，次優的是「問題預防者」，最優的是「機會探尋者」。 ◎心態三：受尊敬遠比受喜歡重要 一位真正受尊敬的主管必須有能力在「親近」員工與「疏離」員工之間找到一個均衡點。他與部屬之間，必須親近到他足以了解他們的作為與他們的想法；但他與部屬之間，又必須疏離到令他們不敢目無尊長。 ◎心態四：以同理心取代同情心 主管對待部屬之態度，最好是保持介乎冷漠感（Apathy）與同情心（Sympathy）之間的同理心（Empathy）。所謂同理心，係指站穩自己的立場，而由他人之觀點與角度去看事物。同理心只涉及對他人之見解與感受之尊重而不認同，故無情感之投入；同情心則涉及與被同情對象具有同樣感受，故含情感投入。醫生通常都能深切了解病人的感受與需要，但他若想為病人開出有效的處方，則不應有情感之投入。同樣道理，管理者若想處理部屬之問題，也應該以同理心取代同情心。 ◎心態五：接纳知覺之差異 所謂知覺（Perception），係指每一個人對事物之看法。人們通常並不根據事物本身存在的客觀事實來解釋事物，而是根據事物在他們心目中的主觀形象來解釋事物。譬如說，一項需要加班的工作，對某些員工來說，它是一種休閒時間的剝削；但是對另一些員工來說，它卻是賺取外快的大好機會。在講求和諧關係的現實環境裡，倘若每一個人都能認知並接納「人與人之間本來就存有知覺差異」，甚至「同一個人在不同的時間可能存有知覺差異」的這個事實，則許許多多的誤解、曲解、甚至偏見可望大大地削減！ 員工