Principles of Power Engineering Analysis

Principles of Power Engineering Analysis presents the basic tools required to understand the components in an electric power transmission system. Classroom-tested at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, this text is the only up-to-date one available that covers power system analysis at the graduate level.

The book explains from first principles the expressions that predict the performance of transmission systems and transformers. It then extends these concepts to balanced three-phase systems and unbalanced systems. The authors proceed to introduce symmetrical component analysis of transmission systems, three-phase transformers, and faulted systems. They also describe the design of untransposed transmission lines and discuss other analysis component systems, such as Clarke component networks.

Despite the tremendous changes that have occurred in the electrical industry over the last forty years, the need for a fundamental understanding of power system analysis has not changed. Suitable for a one-semester course, this book develops the necessary concepts in depth and illustrates the application of three-phase electric power transmission.

Robert C. Degeneff is the founder and president of Utility Systems Technologies, Inc., which builds electronic voltage regulators and power quality mitigation equipment and provides consulting to the utility industry. A recipient of the IEEE Herman Halprin Award, Dr. Degeneff is also a professor emeritus at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, a PE in New York, a fellow of the IEEE, and chair of the IEEE working group that wrote the C57.142 guide. His research interests include computing the transient response of electrical equipment, power quality, and utility systems planning.
M. Harry Hesse was a professor emeritus at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. A Fulbright fellow and recipient of the Power Engineering Educator Award from Edison Electrical Institute, he was also a PE in New York and a fellow of the IEEE.

Transmission Line Characteristics
The Magnetic Field
The Electric Field
Induced Voltages
Conductor Resistance
Conductance (Leakage)
Transmission Line Performance Models
References


Single-Phase Transformers
Ideal Single-Phase Two-Winding Transformer
Practical Two-Winding Transformer
Per Unit Quantities
Transformer Polarity Designation
Transformers with Taps
Autotransformers
Multiwinding Transformers
Magnetic Energy in Transformers
Magnetic Energy Method for Reconnected Windings


Balanced Three-Phase Systems
Wye-Connected Loads
Delta-Connected Loads
Three-Phase Per Unit System
Transmission Lines
Equivalent Circuits for Y-Y and ?-?Transformers
Wye-Delta Connected Transformers
Magnetizing Currents in Three-Phase Transformers
Steady State Power Transfer
Steady-State Synchronous Machine Characteristics
Three-Phase Four-Wire Network


Unbalanced Three-Phase Systems
Open Delta Connections
Single-Phase Load Carrying Capability
Symmetrical Components
Elementary Fault Interconnections
References


Symmetrical Component Representation of Transmission Lines
Series Impedance
Numerical Example
Single-Circuit Untransposed Line — Electromagnetic Unbalance
Transposed Line Sections
Double-Circuit Lines
Numerical Example
Double Circuit Untransposed Line — Electromagnetic Unbalance
Shunt Capacitive Reactance
Numerical Example
Single-Circuit Untransposed Line — Electrostatic Unbalance
Double-Circuit Lines
Numerical Example
References


Symmetrical Component Representation of Transformers
Phase Shift through Y-? Transformers
Zero Sequence Impedance of Y-Y Transformers
Zero Sequence Impedance of ?-? Transformer
Zero Sequence Impedance of Y-GND-? Transformer
Zero Sequence Impedance of Three-Winding Transformers
Grounding Transformers
Three-Phase Autotransformers
Zero Sequence Network for ? Tertiary Autotrans
Autotransformer with Ungrounded Neutral and ? Tertiary
References


Symmetrical Component Fault Analysis
Symmetrical Three-Phase System
Generator Representation
Single-Line-to-Ground Fault (SLGF)
Single-Line-to-Neutral Fault (SLNF)
Line-to-Line Fault (LLF)
Line-to-Line-to-Ground Fault (LLGF)
Line-to-Line-to-Neutral Fault (LLNF)
Single Open Conductor (SOC)
Two Open Conductors (TOC)
Generalized Series Impedances
Generalized Shunt Impedance Unbalances
Simultaneous Faults
Faults Not Symmetrical with Respect to Phase "a"


Design of Untransposed Transmission Lines
Symmetrical Phase Impedance Matrix
Unsymmetrical Symmetrical Component Impedance Matrix
Selecting Phase "a" Central to Phases "b" and "c"
Symmetrical Form for the Symmetrical Component Impedance Matrix
Equivalent Circuit Configuration
Phase Rotation
Phase Transposition


Other Component Systems
Clarke Components
Clarke Component Impedance in Terms of Symmetrical Component Impedances
Clarke Component Networks
Tests for Clarke Component Impedances
Three-Phase Fault
SLGF
LLF
Generalized Clarke Component Network Interconnections for Series Impedance Unbalance
Y-? Transformers
Transient Solutions by Component Systems
References


Appendix A: Principles of Electricity and Magnetism
Appendix B: Concept of Flux-Linkage and Inductance
Appendix C: Electromagnetic Field above a Perfectly Conducting Plane
Appendix D: Carson’s Earth-Return Correction Factors
Appendix E: Matrix Algebra
Appendix F: Magnetic Energy in Transformers
Appendix G: Exciting Current in Three-Legged Core-Type Transformer
Appendix H: Hyperbolic Functions
Appendix I: Equivalent Networks
Appendix J: Y-? Relationships
Appendix K: Analysis of Electromagnetic Circuits
Appendix L: List of Symbols and Contexts



Index


Exercises appear at the end of each chapter.