"Machines who think -- how utterly preposterous," huff beleaguered humanists,defending their dwindling turf. "Artificial Intelligence -- it's here and about to surpass our own,"crow techno-visionaries, proclaiming dominion. It's so simple and obvious, each side maintains, onlya fanatic could disagree.
Deciding where the truth lies between these two extremesis the main purpose of John Haugeland's marvelously lucid and witty book on what artificialintelligence is all about. Although presented entirely in non-technical terms, it neitheroversimplifies the science nor evades the fundamental philosophical issues. Far from ducking thereally hard questions, it takes them on, one by one.
Artificial intelligence,Haugeland notes, is based on a very good idea, which might well be right, and just as well mightnot. That idea, the idea that human thinking and machine computing are "radically the same,"provides the central theme for his illuminating and provocative book about this exciting new field.After a brief but revealing digression in intellectual history, Haugeland systematically tacklessuch basic questions as: What is a computer really? How can a physical object "mean" anything? Whatare the options for computational organization? and What structures have been proposed and tried asactual scientific models for intelligence?
In a concluding chapter he takes upseveral outstanding problems and puzzles -- including intelligence in action, imagery, feelings andpersonality -- and their enigmatic prospects for solution.
John Haugeland is Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh and the editor of Mind Design: Essays in Philosophy, Psychology, and Artificial Intelligence.
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