商品簡介
Emphasis on improved quality and performance of distilled products and the demand for reduced operating costs place a heavy burden on both the personnel responsible for profitability and the manufacturing department charged with operating the processing equipment. There have been dramatic improvements in the computer software and hardware used to simulate and model the distillation process and potential response to experimentation, but mastering the art of distillation process and control still requires solid understanding of a large body of information.
With a focus on achieving product purity at low cost, Distillation Control, Optimization, and Tuning: Fundamentals and Strategies highlights core concepts. These include process variables for continuous binary distillation columns and the four basic control strategies, the distillate and bottoms product quality performance objectives, and the tuning of process control loops. Without dwelling on complex mathematical descriptions, the book presents the fundamentals of process control of a distillation column as a separation and purification unit operation. It covers the concepts and functional criteria that are critical to successful implementation of process control, as well as measurement and improvement of product quality performance. It describes how process control loops for distillation columns can be tuned for stable operation, with a balance between minimum variability from setpoint changes and excellent response to load disturbances.
Designed for students, engineers, technicians, and plant operators alike, this book emphasizes the prevailing need to strike a balance between the details of hypotheses and good engineering judgment. The author outlines learning objectives at the beginning of each chapter and includes chapter-end summaries, exercises, and references to help readers acquire essential knowledge and understanding. The result is a resource that will inform future decisions for the design, operation, and troubleshooting of distillation process control systems.
作者簡介
Dr. Lanny Robbins is the president of Larco Technologies. He retired as a Research Fellow after 37 years at The Dow Chemical Company in Midland, Michigan. He received the Marston Medal, the top honor awarded by the Engineering Department at Iowa State University. His expertise is in fundamental chemical engineering research and pilot plant process development, especially for separation and purification processes.
目次
Unit 1: Introduction and OverviewCourse CoveragePurposeAudience and PrerequisitesStudy MaterialsOrganization and SequenceCourse ObjectivesCourse LengthUnit 2: Distillation Control VariablesDistillation Column Inlet StreamsDistillation System Outlet StreamsControlled VariablesUnit 3: Separation PowerRelative Volatility in One Theoretical StageSeparation Power with Multiple StagesSeparation Power and Energy ConsumptionUnit 4: Distillate/Feed Material Balance SplitMaterial BalancesTemperature Gradient per Theoretical StageTemperature Change from D/F ShiftUnit 5: Distillation Control StrategiesColumn Pressure ControlTemperature Control with Distillate Flow RateTemperature Control with Reflux Flow RateTemperature Control with Boilup(Steam Rate)Temperature Control with Bottoms Flow RateSide Draw Flow RateDistillate Vapor Flow RateUnit 6: ConstraintsMechanical and Hydraulic ConstraintsHeat Transfer ConstraintsStripping Mass Transfer ConstraintRectification (Absorption) Mass Transfer ConstraintUnit 7: Optimizing Product Quality PerformanceQuality Performance MeasurementFrequency of FailureOptimize MRT Between Distillate and Bottoms QualityAvoid Excessive Use of SteamReduce VariabilityOptimize with Expert System AdvisorUnit 8: PID Feedback Control LoopThe Feedback Control LoopProportionalIntegralDerivativeParallel and Series AlgorithmsUnit 9: Closed Loop Tuning of ControllersTrial and Error Tuning of Control LoopsUltimate Gain Tuning of Control LoopsTroubleshooting an Oscillating Control LoopQuarter Decay Ratio tuning of Control LoopsPattern Recognition Tuning of Self Regulating Control LoopsEffect of Proportional GainEffect of Integral (Reset) ActionPattern Recognition Tuning of Integrating Control LoopsUnit 10: Open Loop Testing of Process ResponseSelf Regulating Process ResponseZiegler-Nichols (Z-N) Open Loop Tuning Rules Two Point Characterization of FOPDT Process ResponseQuarter Decay Ratio (QDR) Tuning RulesInternal Model Control (IMC) Tuning RulesIntegrating Process ResponseAppendix
