一、國際收支概況
（一）國際收支運行環境
（二）國際收支主要狀況
（三）國際收支運行評價
二、國際收支主要項目分析
（一）貨物貿易
（二）服務貿易
（三）直接投資
（四）證券投資
（五）其他投資
三、外匯市場運行與人民幣匯率
（一）外匯市場改革和建設情況
（二）人民幣匯率走勢
（三）外匯市場交易
四、國際收支形勢展望和政策取向
（一）形勢展望
（二）政策取向
附錄 統計資料
一、國際收支
二、對外貿易
三、外匯市場和人民幣匯率
四、利用外資
五、外債
六、國際旅游
七、世界經濟增長狀況
八、國際金融市場狀況
專欄
專欄1 我國投資收益逆差是結構性的
專欄2 結構性因素對我國經常項目收支平衡的影響越來越大
專欄3 我國是服務貿易大國但非強國
專欄4 新興市場貨幣走勢一波三折
專欄5 全球聚焦日元貶值
圖
圖1—1 2001—2012年全球發達經濟體及新興和發展中經濟體經濟增速
圖1—2 2012年新興市場股票指數和市場波動率（VIX）指數
圖1—3 2009—2012年我國季度GDP和月度CPI增長率
圖1—4 2000—2012年我國年度消費、投資和凈出口對經濟增長的貢獻率
圖1—5 2001—2012年經常項目主要子項目的收支狀況
圖1—6 1994—2012年貨物和服務貿易差額與GDP之比
圖C1—1 2005—2011年中國與部分國家投資收益率均值比較
圖C1—2 2005—2011年各國對外資產結構和對外投資收益率均值比較
圖1—7 2001—2012年資本和金融項目主要子項目的收支狀況
圖1—8 2001—2012年外匯儲備增加額與外匯儲備余額
圖1—9 1990—2012年國際收支交易規模及其與GDP之比
圖1—10 1990—2012年經常項目差額和儲備資產增加額與GDP之比
圖1—11 2000—2012年非直接投資跨境資本流動與GDP之比
……
表
書摘/試閱
(Ⅰ) Reform and Development of the Foreign Exchange Market
Management of the comprehensive foreign exchange positions of purchases and sales for banks was improved. In order to be consistent with the reform on April 16, which enlarged the floating band of the RMB exchange rate against the USD and increased the RMB exchange-rate elasticity, the temporary management that had required lower limits for the real receipt and payment positions of banks since November 2010 was cancelled, and positive and negative band management for the comprehensive foreign exchange positions of purchases and sales for banks was implemented. Banks had more flexibility and initiative to carry out foreign exchange transactions and to implement risk management, which helped to form the RMB exchange rate.
Coverage for squaring the exposure of precious metals to the exchange rate by banks was broadened. The policies for squaring the exposure of gold to the exchange rate began to apply to silver, platinum, and other precious metals, so the banks could offer customers more investment choices related to precious metals, which is a way to support the holding of more precious metals by individuals.Participation by small and medium-sized financial institutions in the foreign exchange market was facilitated. Transaction fees for rural banks when they entered the foreign exchange market were reduced in an attempt to support the agricultural industry through the foreign exchange policies.
The trading forms of currency swaps were diversified. Management for entry into the interbank foreign exchange and currency swap markets was simplified. More forms to exchange the principals of foreign currency swaps were added. As a result, the financial sector could better serve the real economy.
