2015考博英語詞彙、語法與完形填空高分突破（簡體書）

第一章



詞匯

第一節詞匯知識基本考情分析
詞匯在試卷中一般占10～30分左右。據對國內近幾年大多數院校博士生入學英語考試詞匯統計，幾乎所有在讀博士生認為考前認知詞匯應該掌握10 000詞左右。因此在幾個月內如何掌握10 000個左右的生詞和確定應記生詞的范圍是詞匯復習的核心。
國內部分院校博士生入學英語考試詞匯分值比較


院校
詞匯分值
北京大學
20
清華大學
20
中國人民大學
10
武漢大學
15
上海交通大學
20
復旦大學
10
中國科學院
30
詞匯是學習英語的基礎。沒有詞匯，作為學習者很難獲取英語信息與知識。詞匯重在積累。沒有一定的積累，就做不好詞匯題。詞匯量不足也會使其他各項受到影響。因此，考生平時一定要注重詞匯的積累。只有在擁有一定的詞匯量的基礎上，才談得上解題技巧和方法。
命題規律：詞匯題一般涉及以下幾個方面：一是近義詞辨析；二是形近詞辨析；三是固定搭配和詞組等。英語考卷的詞匯題大概可以歸納成如下五類：
● 四個選項的詞詞形相異，詞義相異；
● 四個選項的詞詞形相異，詞義相近；
● 四個選項的詞詞形相似，詞義相異；
● 四個選項的短語形式相異，意思相異；
● 四個選項的短語形式相近，意思相異。
解題技巧：一是要讀懂題干，確定缺省信息的含義和詞性；二是根據題干前后的關系和關聯詞進行逆向或同向推理；三是詞義相同看搭配，搭配相同看詞義；四是將選項放入題干中進行邏輯推理。
（一） 四個選項的詞詞形相異，詞義相異
這類詞匯題的特點是：所提供的四個詞形式不同，詞義也不一樣。例如：
If I am notwhen you come to my office，ask for my secretary?
A?suitableB?availableC?comfortableD?proper
答案為B。譯文：如果你來我辦公室找不到我，就問一下我的秘書。available的意思是：“可得到的，可找到的”。其他各項的意思分別為：A?合意的；適當的。C?舒適的。D?適合的，恰當的。
以上這類詞匯題最常見。它檢測考生對一些基本詞匯，特別是一些實詞的掌握情況。如果考生理解題意，并且了解所提供的四個不同的詞的不同含義和各自的用法，那么就會做對，反之，則可能做錯。





考試中，詞匯題考到了一些比較特殊的但仍然屬于考生應掌握的詞匯范疇的詞，或考到一些常用詞的不太常用的含義和用法。例如：
The first，second，and the third prizes went to Jack，Tom，and Harry?
A?equallyB?differentlyC?similarlyD?respectively
答案為D。譯文：第一、二、三等獎分別被杰克、湯姆和哈瑞獲得。respectively的意思是：“分別地，各自地”。
對respectively一詞，多數考生可能會望文生義地將該詞誤解為“尊敬地”。因為一般考生不太了解respect的另一層含義：“方面”，對該含義的副詞形式就更不甚了解了，因此極容易做錯。要做對類似的詞匯題，考生就要特別注意大綱詞匯表中一些含義和用法比較特別的詞，或普通詞匯的比較特殊的含義和用法。
（二） 四個選項的詞詞形相異，詞義相近
此類詞匯題的特點是：所提供的四個詞形式不同，含義相似。在使用時，考生極易混
淆。例如：
They have got everything ready to make aacross the Atlantic?
A?tripB?travelC?voyageD?journey
答案為C。譯文：他們已做好一切準備橫渡大西洋。voyage的意思是：“航行”。
以上詞匯題所提供的四個詞的含義很相似，均有“旅行”之意，但它們各有側重。trip是指娛樂性的旅行，travel是指到各處旅行，voyage是指航行，journey是指到某地去旅行。根據題意，特別根據Atlantic(大西洋)一詞，得出C?voyage為正確答案。
要解好此類詞匯題，考生在復習時一定要注意區別一些容易混淆的同義詞，現列出一些形式不同但意思相似的詞：
environment，surrounding，circumstances，atmosphere
pace， rate， speed， rhythm
（三） 四個選項的詞詞形相似，詞義相異
此類詞匯題的特點是：所提供的四個詞形式相似，但含義不同。例如：
Mr?Brown graduallya knowledge of the subject?
A?requiredB?inquiredC?achievedD?acquired
答案為D。譯文：布朗逐漸掌握了這門學科的知識。acquire的意思是：“（后天）獲得（知識，技能等）”。
以上詞匯題所提供的四個詞除achieve外，其他三個看上去極為相似，但它們卻是意義迥異的詞。require的意思是“要求”；inquire與enquire同義，意思是“詢問”，它常與about連用，構成短語，意思是“詢問有關……的情況”；acquire的意思是“獲得(知識，技能等)”。根據題意，特別是knowledge一詞，得出正確答案D。
以上這類詞匯題出現的頻率比較高。要做好這類詞匯題，考生在復習時應格外注意那些形式相似但意思截然不同的詞。比如：
distribute， contribute， attitude
sure， ensure， insure， assure
base， basis
（四） 四個選項的短語形式相異，意思相異
此類詞匯題的特點與第一類相似，不同之處在于所提供的四個選項不是單個的詞，而是詞組。例如：
You could alwayshim to settle an argument，no matter what was being discussed?
A?believe inB?call onC?trust inD?count on
答案為D。譯文：不論在討論什么，你都可以指望他來平息爭論。count on的意思是：“期望，指望；依靠”；believe in的意思是：“信任；信奉”；call on的意思是：“號召；請求”；trust in的意思是：“相信”。
對于一些僅從字面上不能將其意思猜測出來的詞組，考生要給予特別的重視，因為這些詞組很容易成為考試重點。
（五） 四個選項的短語形式相近，意思相異
此類詞匯題的特點是，所提供的四個詞組是由同一個詞（實詞居多）與不同的詞（虛詞居多）組成的不同的詞組。最為常見的是動詞與副詞構成的動詞短語。它們的意思各不相同。這樣的例子很多，如：
There was something wrong with the traffic signal?Our bus wasfor nearly half an hour?
A?held onB?held backC?held outD?held up
答案為D。譯文：交通紅綠燈信號出了問題，我們的車子被耽擱了將近半個小時。hold up的意思是“阻擋；使停頓”；hold on的意思是“抓住；堅持”；hold back的意思是“躊躇；阻止”；hold out的意思是“伸出；堅持”。
要解好類似的詞匯題，考生一定要掌握一些常見動詞與副詞或介詞所構成的詞組的含義。這些動詞包括：go，come，bring，fall，hold，turn, give，leave，cut，take，break等。例如：
bring about引起，使發生fall out吵架
bring out使……顯示出，說明fall through失敗，失算
bring forth引起，使產生fall behind落后
bring up培養；提出fall in with同意，依從
（六） 詞的搭配
在解詞匯題時，還存在一個搭配問題。有些詞匯題的解題線索并不存在于詞本身，而存在于固定搭配上。例如：
He was a brilliant musician as a boy，but he neverhis early promise?
A?completedB?performedC?concludedD?fulfilled
答案為D。譯文：孩童時他音樂很棒，但是他后來卻未能實現他早年的夢想。fulfill的意思是：“完成，實現”。
此題所提供的四個詞考生都很熟悉。解此題的關鍵在于了解哪個詞可以和空格后的promise搭配，構成其意為“實現夢想”的詞組。在所提供的四個詞中，只有fulfill滿足這個要求，因此D為正確答案。要做好這類有關搭配的詞匯題，考生要掌握一些固定搭配。
固定搭配是英語學習的一個難點，也往往是考試的重點。考生在復習時要格外注意一些常用的固定搭配。
第二節重點院校真題演練
1?Prince Charles，the longest?waitingto the throne in British history，has spoken of his“impatience”to get things done?（北京大學2013年試題）
A?heirB?heirshipC?heritageD?heiress
2?Love was in the air in a Tokyo park as normally staid Japanese husbands gathered to scream out their feelings for their wives，promisingand extra tight hugs?（北京大學2013年試題）
A?attitudeB?multitudeC?gratitudeD?latitude
3?The number of stay?at?home fathers reached a record high last year，new figures show，as families saw ain female breadwinners?（北京大學2013年試題）
A?raiseB?riseC?ariseD?increase
4?The market for dust masks and air purifiers isin Beijing because the capital has been shrouded for several days in thick fog and haze?（北京大學2013年試題）
A?boomingB?loomingC?doomingD?zooming
5?Traditional fairytales are being ditched by parents because they are toofor their young children，a study found?（北京大學2013年試題）
A?scarceB?scaryC?scaredD?scarred
6?It has been revealed that nearly one in five degree courses has beensince the tripling of tuition fees to ￡ 9?000 a year?（北京大學2013年試題）
A?scratchedB?scrapedC?scrabbledD?scrapped
7?Microsoft founder Bill Gates hasabout being a parent，stating that 13 is an appropriate age for a child?s first cell phone?（北京大學2013年試題）
A?opened upB?taken upC?put upD?held up
8?Sales of mushrooms have hit an all?time high as Britons increasingly turn to the cheap andfoodstuff for their cooking?（北京大學2013年試題）
A?versatileB?multipleC?manifoldD?diverse
9?“Gangnam Style”，thepopular song from South Korean recording artist PSY has just become the most watched video on YouTube ever?（北京大學2013年試題）
A?sanelyB?insanelyC?rationallyD?insatiably
10?TheBritish theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking once said in an interview that heaven is a fairy story for people afraid of the dark?（北京大學2013年試題）
A?imposingB?loftyC?prominentD?eminent
11?The basic causes are unknown，although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been?（北京航空航天大學2013年試題）
A?identifiedB?guaranteedC?notifiedD?conveyed
12?The town planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic?They expect increased tax?（北京航空航天大學2013年試題）
A?efficiencyB?revenuesC?privilegesD?validity
13?The original elections were declaredby the former military ruler?（北京航空航天大學2013年試題）
A?voidB?vulgarC?surplusD?extravagant
14?When he realized he had beento sign the contract by intrigue，he threatened to start legal proceedings to cancel the agreement?（北京航空航天大學2013年試題）
A?elicitedB?excitedC?deducedD?induced
15?They stood gazing at the happyof children playing in the park?（北京航空航天大學2013年試題）
A?perspectiveB?viewC?landscapeD?scene
16?As one of the youngest professors in the university，Miss King is certainly on the of a brilliant career?（北京航空航天大學2013年試題）
A?edgeB?porchC?thresholdD?course
17?Parents often faced thebetween doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness?（北京航空航天大學2013年試題）
A?junctionB?paradoxC?premiseD?dilemma
18?The damage of his car was；therefore，he could repair it himself?（北京航空航天大學2013年試題）
A?appreciableB?negligibleC?considerableD?invisible
19?The wood was so rotten that，when we pulled，itinto fragments?（北京航空航天大學2013年試題）
A?broke awayB?broke offC?broke upD?broke through
20?Very few people understood his lecture，the subject of which was very?（北京航空航天大學2013年試題）
A?intelligibleB?obscureC?dimD?conspicuous
21?Though he was born and brought up in America，he can speakChinese?（廈門大學2013年試題）
A?fluidB?smoothC?fluentD?flowing
22?If people feel hopeless，they don?t bother tothe skills they need to succeed?（廈門大學2013年試題）
A?adoptB?acquireC?accumulateD?assemble
23?Eighty percent of mothers cradle theirin their left arms，holding them against the left side of their bodies?（廈門大學2013年試題）
A?infantsB?hosesC?handkerchiefsD?fences
24?The explorers came forward with gifts of ducks and flour?cakes andtroughs of water for the horses to drink?（廈門大學2013年試題）
A?held inB?held withC?held underD?held up
25?He likes to take a hand in everything，even those that hardly concern him?（廈門大學2013年試題）
A?offer help toB?get mixed up in
C?have a part inD?make a fuss over
26?The weather wasn?t favorable and both teams had to icy rain and a strong wind during the match?（廈門大學2012年試題）
A?pin down B?get stuck in
C?take control of D?contend with
27?People planning to travel by car to North Dakota in the winter are advised to their cars with snowtires?（廈門大學2012年試題）
A?install B?purchaseC?provide D?equip
28?The consumer in recent years has led to an explosion of shopping center development in big cities like Beijing，Shanghai and Canton?（廈門大學2012年試題）
A?boom B?volume C?summit D?pressure
29?After a number of disagreements with the committee，the chairman decided to his present job?（廈門大學2012年試題）
A?retire B?resignC?retreatD?withdraw
30?Obviously, no teacher has patience?Even Larry, who is always kind and tolerant，lost his temper on that particular occasion?（廈門大學2012年試題）
A?definite B?spectacular C?infiniteD?composed
31?Scientists use observation and experimentation to examine a specific concept existing theories and principles?（廈門大學2012年試題）
A?in the light of B?in view of
C?as to D?in the interest of
32?As the ship is loaded，it will sink deeper and deeper into the water, but only sink deep enough to an amount of water equal to the weight of the ship and its cargo?（廈門大學2012年試題）
A?dismiss B?offsetC?displace D?squeeze
33?Among other things the Town Council is responsible for parks，fire services, collection and libraries?（廈門大學2012年試題）
A?refuse B?plagueC?robbery D?insect
34?He?s color?blind and can?t the difference between red and green easily?（復旦大學2011年試題）
A?detectB?discover C?distinguish D?determine
35?As many as 100 species of fish，some to these waters，may have been affected by the pollution?（復旦大學2011年試題）
A?unusual B?particular C?typical D?unique
36?In her bright yellow coat, she was easily in the crowed?（復旦大學2011年試題）
A?accessible B?identifiable C?negligible D?incredible
37?Some people find that certain foods their headaches?（復旦大學2011年試題）
A?introduce B?trigger C?summon D?create
38?The workers chose to their dissatisfaction in a series of strikes?（復旦大學2011年試題）
A?deliver B?offer C?manifest D?indicate
39?Living with a roommate constraint on her, she couldn?t play her trumpet or have parties late at night?（復旦大學2011年試題）
A?imposing B?illustrating C?impressing D?leaving
40?I don?t know how to get there either, perhaps we?d better a map?（復旦大學2011年試題）
A?note B?mark C?consult D?draft
41?In the of recent incidents，we ask our customers to take particular care of their belongings?（復旦大學2011年試題）
A?process B?company C?light D?form
42?The problem of where we will raise the funds for the scheme has not yet been ?（復旦大學2010年試題）
A?accessed B?addressed C?dealt D?expressed
43?Her remarkable success as a rock star is partly due to her ability to the media?（復旦大學2010年試題）
A?mandate B?meditate C?manifest D?manipulate
44?The government claimed that it was accidental, but the hollow and excuse could not convince the public?（復旦大學2010年試題）
A?feeble B?deliberate C?fluent D?delicate
45?We need to make sure that we our resources as fully as possible?（復旦大學2010年試題）
A?use B?exploit C?employ D?explore
46?The news that the company is being taken over by foreign investors has severely the stock markets?（復旦大學2010年試題）
A?vibrated B?swung C?trembled D?jolted
47?He was for his years of service to the company with a grand farewell party and several presents?（復旦大學2010年試題）
A?awarded B?rewarded C?warded D?safeguarded
48?In the busy holiday season, extra buses are provided to the existing service?（復旦大學2010年試題）
A?supplement B?complement C?implement D?experiment
49?Whenever a camera was pointed at her, Marilyn would instantly herself into a radiant star?（復旦大學2010年試題）
A?transport B?transfer C?transform D?transgress
50?On his wanderings he?s Spanish, Italian，French and a smattering of Russian?（四川大學2010年試題）
A?woken upB?taken toC?picked upD?come to
51?His eighth book came out earlier this year and was a(n)bestseller?（四川大學2010年試題）
A?swiftB?instantC?timelyD?punctual
52?The ideological make?up of the unions is now different from what it had been?（四川大學2010年試題）
A?violentlyB?severelyC?extremelyD?radically
53?There was snow everywhere，so that the shape of things was difficult to . （四川大學2010年試題）
A?identifyB?authorizeC?justifyD?rationalize
54?He said it would not be all that difficult to reach a peaceful conclusion to the?（四川大學2010年試題）
A?paradoxB?dilemmaC?prejudiceD?conflict
55?Like most foreigners, I ask a lot of questions, some of which are insultingly silly?But everyone I has answered those questions with patience and honesty?（浙江大學2010年試題）
A?come acrossB?come byC?come overD?come into
56?Among picture books for 4?8 years olds, several outstanding works appeared that combined original stories with illustrations?（浙江大學2010年試題）
A?imaginableB?imaginativeC?imagingD?imageless
57?As skies fill with millions of migrating birds, European scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming : The fatter the bird, the more efficiently it flies?（浙江大學2010年試題）
A?interruptionB?descriptionC?qualificationD?contradiction
58?The party leader justified his subsequent re?election that he had brought political stability and economic development to his country?（浙江大學2010年試題）
A?in the wayB?by no meansC?on the groundsD?to the extent
59?A leading British scholar has proposed translating Shakespeare into contemporary English young audience who are confused by jokes which are 400 years out of date?（浙江大學2010年試題）
A?in memory ofB?at the cost ofC?on behalf ofD?for the benefit of
60?The objective of this popular consultation is to determine, ，the final political status of the region, whether to remain of the country as a special district, or to part from it?（浙江大學2010年試題）
A?once upon a timeB?once and again
C?all at onceD?once and for all
61?The choice for a consumer, therefore, is the choice among the available ones that will enable him or her to maximize utility?（浙江大學2010年試題）
A?optimalB?optionalC?opticalD?optimistic
62?High grades are supposed to academic ability, but John?s actual performance did not confirm this?（中國礦業大學2008年試題）
A?certifyB?clarifyC?classifyD?notify
63?Before we move, we should some of the old furniture, so that we can have more room in the new house?（中國礦業大學2008年試題）
A?discardB?dissipateC?cancelD?conceal
64?You cannot imagine how I feel with my duties sometimes?（中國礦業大學2008年試題）
A?overflowedB?overthrownC?overwhelmedD?overturned
65?His illness first itself as severe stomach pains and headaches?（中國礦業大學2008年試題）
A?expressedB?manifestedC?reflectedD?displayed
66?The they felt for each other was obvious to everyone who saw them?（中國礦業大學2008年試題）
A?affectionB?adherenceC?sensibilityD?sensitivity
67?These continual in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear?（中國礦業大學2008年試題）
A?transitionsB?transformationsC?exchangesD?fluctuations
68?Henry went through the documents again carefully for fear of any important data?（中國礦業大學2008年試題）
A?relayingB?overlookingC?deletingD?revealing
69?These were stubborn men not easily to change their mind?（中國礦業大學2008年試題）
A?tiltedB?convertedC?persuadedD?suppressed
70?A child hears his mother tongue spoken from morning till night in its form?(上海交通大學2008年試題)
A?correctB?accurateC?genuineD?perfect
71?The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone，because I knew it meant another decision to be made?(上海交通大學2008年試題)
A?criticalB?plentifulC?decentD?massive
72?In protest, blacks and whites sat at the counters of these restaurants and refused to move until they were served?(上海交通大學2008年試題)
A?sensibleB?indifferentC?influentialD?sympathetic
73?Once a picture is proved to be a forgery，it becomes quite?（中南大學2007年試題）
A?unworthyB?worthless
C?invaluableD?priceless
74?Jimmy earns his living byworks of art in the museum?（中南大學2007年試題）
A?renewingB?reviving
C?recoveringD?restoring
75?I couldn?t sleep last night because the tap in the bathroom was?（中南大學2007年試題）
A?spillingB?dripping
C?drainingD?dropping
76?If you want this painkiller，you?ll have to ask the doctor for a?（中南大學2006年試題）
A?transactionB?agreementC?permit
D?prescription
77?I found it difficult tomy career ambitions with the need to bring up my children?（中南大學2006年試題）
A?intensifyB?reconcileC?consolidate
D?amend
78?It is hard to tell whether we are going to have a boom in the economy or a?（中南大學2006年試題）
A?concessionB?recessionC?submission
D?transmission
79?Right now there is a sale of 19th?century European Paintings and sculpture in the museum?（清華大學2006年試題）
A?photographsB?imagesC?statuesD?stone paintings
80?The more intrusive advertisements become, the more they irritate web users?（清華大學2006年試題）
A?annoyB?dismayC?surpriseD?startle
81?Both police officers and high officials here are susceptible to corruption?（清華大學2006年試題）
A?sustainableB?suspiciousC?skepticalD?vulnerable
82?Ploughs and other agricultural implements were on display at the recent exhibition?（清華大學2005年試題）
A?equationsB?playthingsC?toolsD?machinery
83?My own inclination, if I were in your situation, would be to look for another position?（清華大學2005年試題）
A?symptomB?likenessC?habitD?tendency
84?The combination of lenses in a compound microscope makes possible greater amplification than can be achieved with a single lens?（清華大學2005年試題）
A?managementB?magnificenceC?magnetismD?magnification
85?The nuclear familya self?contained, self?satisfying unit composed of father, mother and children?（北京大學2006年試題）
A?refers toB?definesC?describesD?devotes to
86?Some polls show that roughly two?thirds of the general public believe that elderly Americans areby social isolation and loneliness?（北京大學2006年試題）
A?reproachedB?favoredC?plaguedD?reprehended
87?In addition to bettering group and individual performance, cooperationthe quality of interpersonal relationship?（北京大學2006年試題）
A?ascendsB?compelsC?enhancesD?prefers
88?That Pacific island attracts shoals of tourists with its richof folk arts?（北京大學2005年試題）
A?heritageB?heredityC?heroismD?hermitage
89?As for the missing funds, the company manager, when demanded to give an explanation, could not even come up with aone?（北京大學2005年試題）
A?plaintiveB?pervasiveC?perpetualD?plausible
90?The government?s policies in the past five years have shown a(n)in emphasizing the necessity of improving the peasants? livelihood?（北京大學2005年試題）
A?exaltationB?coherenceC?agonyD?behavior
91?Tom doesn?t think that the situation here is as good as his hometown?s?（中國人民大學2007年試題）
A?economicsB?economicC?economyD?economical
92?the increase in the number of computers in our offices，the amount of paper hat we need has risen as well?（中國人民大學2007年試題）
A?Along withB?AltogetherC?AlthoughD?All along
93?The food was divided according to the age and size of the child?（中國人民大學2007年試題）
A?equallyB?individuallyC?sufficientlyD?proportionally
94?In a materialistic and society people?s interest seems to be focused solely on monetary pursuit?（中國科學院2008年試題）
A?adaptiveB?addictiveC?acquisitiveD?arrogant
95?Even if I won a million?dollar lottery, I would continue to live ?（中國科學院2008年試題）
A?subtlyB?frugallyC?explicitlyD?cautiously
96?Doctors must inform parents about the low odds of success in fertility treatments?（中國科學院2008年試題）
A?protectiveB?respectiveC?prospectiveD?perspective
97?Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other?（電子科技大學2005年試題）
A?bruisesB?blundersC?handicapsD?drawbacks
98?Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease wasin tropic countries?（電子科技大學2005年試題）
A?prospectiveB?prevalentC?provocativeD?perpetual
99?After several nuclear disasters, ahas raged over the safety of nuclear energy?（電子科技大學2005年試題）
A?quarrelB?suspicionC?verdictD?controversy
100?Australia is struggling to cope with the consequences of a devastating drought?As the world warms up, other countries should pay?(北京大學2009年試題)
A?heelB?healC?heedD?head
101?Before turning to writing, I spent eight years as a lawyer about how life would be with a prominent father blazing my trail?(北京大學2009年試題)
A?fantasizingB?fascinatingC?facilitatingD?finalizing
102?At first, movies were little more than amusing pictures that appeared to move?(北京大學2009年試題)
A?novelsB?noveltiesC?noticesD?novices
103?The government decided to take a action to strengthen the market management?（清華大學2007年試題）
A?diverseB?durableC?epidemicD?drastic
104?The local residents were unhappy about the curfew in this region and decided to it?（清華大學2007年試題）
A?disgraceB?disguiseC?defyD?distress
105?They admitted that they shared the same on the matter?（清華大學2007年試題）
A?potentialityB?sentimentC?postscriptD?subscription
106?He was in the streets of the Mexican capital by more than a million people, most of them sincerely inspired?（廈門大學2008年試題）
A?acclaimedB?attestedC?ratifiedD?considered
107?The British historian Niall Ferguson speculated that the end of American might not fuel an orderly shift to a multipolar system?（廈門大學2008年試題）
A?domainB?hegemonyC?sovereigntyD?preference
108?I personally am offended by what they have tried to do in a very misleading way with, what I?ve said about two of my personal, President Kennedy and Dr?Martin Luther King Jr?（廈門大學2008年試題）
A?resemblanceB?statuesC?iconsD?parable
109?She is a woman of who has never abandoned her principles for the sake of her own benefits?(上海交通大學2007年試題)
A?dignityB?scarcityC?integrityD?stability
110?I couldn?t sleep because the tap in the bathroom was?(北京大學2008年試題)
A?drainingB?droppingC?spillingD?dripping
111?We have been hearingaccounts of your work?(北京大學2008年試題)
A?favoredB?favorableC?favoriteD?favoring
112?Please put your empty cigarette packets and paper bags in thebins provided?(北京大學2008年試題)
A?junkB?litterC?scrapD?deposit
113?The overcrowded living conditionsa heavy strain on the family?（四川大學2009年試題）
A?setB?putC?madeD?pressed
114?The supply of apples exceeds thethis year?（四川大學2009年試題）
A?requestB?claimC?requirementD?demand
115?I must take this watch to be repaired：itover twenty minutes a day?（四川大學2009年試題）
A?increasesB?progressesC?acceleratesD?gains
116?With computers doubling in speed and power every couple of years, and with genetic engineering?s dazzling feats growing more and more routine, the battered American faith in technological progress has been growing stronger and giddier of late?（中國社會科學院2006年試題）
A?intriguingB?ornateC?brilliantD?obsessing
117?One suggested method of containing the fires was presented by Cary Colaizzi of the engineering firm Goodson, which has developed a heat?resistant grout (a thin mortar used to fill cracks and crevices), which is designed to be pumped into the coal fire to cut off the oxygen supply?（中國社會科學院2006年試題）
A?restrainingB?comprisingC?embracingD?releasing
118?The two fanatic Puerto Rican nationalists who tried to assassinate Harry Truman in 1950 attacked him when he was living across the street in Blair House while the White House was being renovated?（中國社會科學院2006年試題）
A?refurbishedB?refurnishedC?reiteratedD?repainted
119?Is it proper for the government topublic opinion through self?serving, one?sided journalism?（廈門大學2006年試題）
A?touchB?huntC?swayD?proceed
120?Our students? educational achievements equal, and in many cases those of students in previous years?（廈門大學2006年試題）
A?surpassB?advanceC?increaseD?multiply
[1]
參考答案與解析
1?【答案】A
【解析】四個選項的意思分別是：heir繼承人；heirship繼承權，繼承人的地位；heritage遺產，繼承權；heiress女繼承人。句意是，查爾斯王子是英國歷史上等待王位繼承時間最久的人，他聲稱已經“等不起”了。因此正確答案是A選項。
2?【答案】C
【解析】四個選項的意思分別是：attitude態度，姿態，為可數名詞，前面需加冠詞；multitude多數，群眾；gratitude感謝；latitude(思想、行動等的) 范圍，自由。句意是：東京一座公園的上空涌動著綿綿愛意，因為平時成熟穩重的日本丈夫聚到一起，對妻子大聲喊出了心里的愛意，表達感激，還紛紛獻上擁抱。根據句意推出正確答案是C選項。
3?【答案】D
【解析】四個選項的意思分別是：raise提高，升；rise上升，增加，不可數名詞；arise升起，上升，為動詞；increase增加額，增加。句意是：新的數據顯示，隨著家庭中婦女養家人數的增加，去年家居型父親人數創新高。根據句子意思推出正確答案是D選項。
4?【答案】A
【解析】四個選項的意思分別是：boom迅速發展，興旺；loom隱約地出現，陰森地逼近；doom命中注定，宣告；zoom使急速上升，使猛增。句意是：北京防塵面罩和空氣凈化器市場正在迅速發展，因為首都數天來一直深受濃霧和霧霾籠罩。根據句意推出正確答案是A選項。
5?【答案】B
【解析】四個選項的意思分別是：scarce缺乏的，稀有的；scary恐怖的，嚇人的；scared受驚嚇的；scarred留下傷痕的。句意是：研究發現，父母們正在逐漸棄用傳統故事，因為對于他們的小孩而言，這些故事太恐怖了。根據句意推出正確答案是B選項。
6?【答案】D
【解析】四個選項的意思分別是：scratch挖出，抓；scrape刮，擦；scrabble亂寫，拼湊成；scrap把……廢棄，丟棄。句意是：據顯示，將近五分之一的學位課程被廢棄，因為學費翻了三倍，達到每年9 000英鎊。所以正確答案是D選項。
7?【答案】A
【解析】四個選項的意思分別是：open up坦誠地說；take up開始從事，占用；put up提出；hold up舉起，支撐，耽擱。句意是：微軟創始人比爾·蓋茨坦言，作為一名父親，給孩子買第一個手機的適宜年齡是13歲。所以正確答案是A選項。
8?【答案】D
【解析】四個選項的意思分別是：versatile多才多藝的；multiple復合的，多重的；manifold多種的，多方面的；diverse各種各樣的，多種的。句意是，隨著英國人越來越致力于尋找廉價的、多種多樣的食材做飯，蘑菇的銷售創下空前的新紀錄。所以正確答案是D選項。
9?【答案】B
【解析】四個選項的意思分別是：sanely 心智健全地，穩健地；insanely 瘋狂地；rationally理性地；insatiably不知足地，貪得無厭地。句意是：韓國唱片藝人PSY這首瘋狂流行的歌曲“江南Style”已經成為YouTube史上觀看次數最多的視頻。根據句意可推出正確答案是B選項。
10?【答案】D
【解析】四個選項的意思分別是：imposing氣勢宏偉的，給人深刻印象的；lofty傲慢的，高超的；prominent卓越的，杰出的，通常指一群人中或一個團體中突出的人；eminent著名的，杰出的。句意是，英國著名理論物理學家史蒂芬·霍金在采訪中曾說道，天堂是那些害怕黑暗的人的童話故事。根據句意可推出正確答案是D選項。
11?【答案】A
【解析】本題考查單詞詞義。A項意為“鑒定，識別”；B項意為“保證”；C項意為“通知，報告”；D項意為“傳達”。本句意為：盡管人們已經識別出可能導致癌癥的某些條件，但是對根本原因仍一無所知。A項符合題意。
12?【答案】B
【解析】本題考查單詞詞義。A項意為“效率”；B項意為“收入”；C項意為“特權”；D項意為“有效性，合法”。本句意為：該城市的計劃委員會說他們對明年經濟持樂觀態度，他們期望能增加稅收。
13?【答案】A
【解析】本題考查單詞詞義。A項意為“無效的”；B項意為“ 粗俗的，低俗的”；C項意為“過剩的，剩余的”；D項意為“奢侈的，浪費的”。本句意為：之前的軍方統治者宣布最初的選舉無效。A項符合題意。
14?【答案】D
【解析】本題考查單詞詞義。A項意為“從……引出（事實、情報等）”；B項意為“興奮”；C項意為“推論，推斷”；D項意為“引誘”。本句意為：當他意識到是被誘使簽訂合約時，他威脅說要通過法律程序終止協議。D項符合題意。
15?【答案】D
【解析】本題考查單詞詞義。A項意為“遠景，景色”；B項意為“從某地點所看到的景色或光景”；C項意為“(田園風景等可以一眼眺望的) 景色，風景”；D項意為“特定地點的景色，場景”。本句意為：他們停下來凝視孩子們在公園玩耍的快樂場景。D項符合題意。
16?【答案】C
【解析】本題考查單詞詞義。A項意為“邊緣”；B項意為“門檻”；C項意為“開始，開端”；D項意為“路線，過程”。on the threshold為固定搭配。本句意為：作為該大學最年輕的教授之一，King小姐絕對站在輝煌事業的起點。C項符合題意。