土木工程專業英語（簡體書）

《土木工程專業英語》是在“大土木、大工程”背景下，滿足高等學校土木工程專業培養應用型人才的需要，根據大學英語教學大綱的規定和土木工程專業英語教學的新要求編寫而成的。全書由17個單元組成，涵蓋土木工程總論、結構工程、巖土工程、道路與橋梁工程、隧道與地下工程、土木工程施工組織與計劃、投標文件的編制及開標、土木工程事故分析處理等內容。
《土木工程專業英語》可作為普通高等院校土木工程專業的本、專科教材，也可作為高等職業技術學院的教學用書，亦可供土木工程及相關領域的工程技術人員閱讀參考。

Unit 1 Careers iCivil Engineering
Reading Material Ⅰ: Civil Engineering
Reading Material Ⅱ: Civil Engineering

Unit2 LoadClassification
Reading Material Ⅰ: Loads and Actions
Reading Material Ⅱ: Building Mechanics

Unit 3 Serviceability
Reading Material Ⅰ: Safety of Structures
Reading Material Ⅱ: Structural Reliability

Unit 4 Civil Engineering Materials
Reading Material Ⅰ: Building Materials
Reading Material Ⅱ: Structural Materials

Unit 5 Stress-StraiRelationship of Materials
Reading Material Ⅰ Mechanics of Materials
Reading Material Ⅱ: Mechanical Behavior of Materials

Unit 6 Prestressed Concrete
Reading Material Ⅰ: Methods of Prestressing
Reading Material Ⅱ: Prestressed Concrete

Unit 7 Reinforced Concrete Structures
Reading Material I: The Desigof Reinforced Concrete Members
Reading .Material II: Historical Development of Concrete as Structural Material

Unit 8 Structure Steel
IJnit 9 Tall Buildings
Unit 10 Earthquake Engineering
Unit 11 Foundations
Unit 12 Bridge Structure
Unit 13 Highway Engineering
Unit 14 Underground Space Utilization
Unit 15 rfhe Desigand ConstructioProcess
Urriit 16 'Preparation, Submissioand Opening of Bids
Unit 17 ConstructioAccidents
Appendix
參考文獻

The satisfactory performance of a structure usually is determined by the amount of de-formatioor distortiothat cabe permitted. A deflectioof a few thousandths ainch might make a boring machine useless, whereas the boom oa dragline might deflect several inches without impairing its usefulness. It is oftenecessary to relate the loads oa struc-ture, or oa member ia structure, to the deflectiothe loads will produce. Such informa-tiocabe obtained by plotting diagrams showing loads and deflections for each member and type of loading ia structure, but such diagrams will vary with the dimensions of the mem-bers, and it would be necessary to draw new diagrams each time the dimensions were varied. A more useful diagram is one showing the relatiobetweethe stress and strain. Such -dia-grams are called stress-straidiagrams.
Data for stress-straidiagrams are usually obtained by applying aaxial load to a test specimeand measuring the load and deformatiosimultaneously. A testing machine is used to straithe specimeand to measure the load required to produce the strain, The stress is obtained by dividing the load by the initial cross-sectional area of the specimen. The area will change somewhat during the loading, and the stress obtained using the initial area is obvious-ly not the exact stress occurring at higher loads. It is the stress most monly used, how-ever, idesigning structures. The stress obtained by dividing the load by the actual area is frequently called the true stress and is useful iexplaining the fundamental behavior of mate-rials. Strains are usually relatively small imaterials used iengineering structures, ofteless tha0. 001, and their accurate determinatiorequires special measuring equipment.
True strain, like true stress, is puted othe basis of the actual length of the test specimeduring the test and is used primarily to study the fundamental properties of materi-als. The difference betweenominal stress and strain, puted from initial dimensions of the specimen, and true stress and straiis negligible for stresses usually encountered iengi-neering structures, but sometimes the difference bees important with larger stresses and strains.
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