韋氏英漢雙解擴詞手冊(中英對照版)（簡體書）

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ANSWERS

INDEX

PAC

PAC

PAC is related to the Latin words for “agree” and “peace.” The Pacific Ocean—that is, the “Peaceful Ocean”—was named by Ferdinand Magellan because it seemed so calm after he had sailed through the storms near Cape Horn. (Magellan obviously had never witnessed a Pacific typhoon.)

PAC與拉丁語中表示“同意”和“平靜”的單詞有關。Pacific Ocean（太平洋）——即“平靜的海洋”——是費迪南德·麥哲倫命名的，因為在航海穿過好望角附近的暴風雨後，他看到的這個海洋似乎非常平靜。(麥哲倫顯然從未見過太平洋的臺風。)

pacify＼pasfī＼(1) To soothe anger or agitation. 使平靜，安撫 (2) To subdue by armed action. 平定，平息

●It took the police hours to pacify the angry demonstrators. 警察花了好幾個小時才安撫了憤怒的示威者。

Someone stirred up by a strong emotion can usually be pacified by some kind words and the removal of its causes. Unhappy babies are often given a rubber pacifier for sucking to make them stop crying. During the Vietnam War, pacification of an area meant using armed force to drive out the enemy, which might be followed by bringing the local people over to our side by building schools and providing social services. But an army can often bring “peace” by pure force, without soothing anyones emotions.

施以溫言善語並消除引發情緒的原因，通常可以安撫情緒激動的人。嬰兒不開心時，給個rubber pacifier（橡皮奶嘴）來吮吸，他們就不哭了。在越南戰爭期間，一個地區的pacification （平定）意味著先用武力驅逐敵人，再修建學校和提供社會服務，以此把當地人拉攏過來。但是軍隊常常純用武力帶來“和平”，而不安撫任何人的情緒。

pacifist＼pasfist＼A person opposed to war or violence, especially someone who refuses to bear arms or to fight, on moral or religious grounds. 和平主義者，反戰主義者

●Her grandfather had fought in the Marines in World War II, but in his later years he had become almost a pacifist,opposing every war for one reason or another. 第二次世界大戰中，她的祖父曾在海軍陸戰隊服役。但他在晚年卻幾乎成了和平主義者，以種種原因反對每一場戰爭。

The Quakers and the Jehovahs Witnesses are pacifist religious groups, and Henry David Thoreau and Martin Luther King are probably the most famous American pacifists. Like these groups and individuals, pacifists havent always met with sympathy or understanding.Refusing to fight ever, for any reason, calls for strong faith in ones own moral or religious convictions, since pacifism during war time has often gotten people persecuted and even thrown in prison.

貴格會和耶和華見證會都是pacifist religious groups（和平主義宗教團體），亨利·戴維·梭羅和和馬丁·路德·金都是美國著名的pacifist(和平主義者)。與這些團體和個人一樣，和平主義者並不總能得到同情和理解。由於戰爭期間的pacifism（和平主義）經常致使人們受到迫害，甚至被關進監獄，因此，無論出於何種理由拒絕戰爭，都需要有堅定的道德或宗教信仰。

pact＼pakt＼An agreement between two or more people or groups; a treaty or formal agreement between nations to deal with a problem or to resolve a dispute. 協議，條約，公約

●The girls made a pact never to reveal what had happened on that terrifying night in the abandoned house. 這些女孩們約定，永遠不透露那個可怕的夜晚在那所廢棄的房子裡所發生的事情。

Pact has “peace” at its root because a pact often ends a period of unfriendly relations. The word is generally used in the field of international relations, where diplomats may speak of an “arms pact,” a “trade pact,” or a “fishingrights pact.” But it may also be used for any solemn agreement or promise between two people; after all, whenever two parties shake hands on a deal, theyre not about to go to war with each other.

pact的詞根含有“和平”的意思，因為簽訂一個條約常常會終結一段不友好的關係。這個詞語通常用在國際關係領域，外交官們可能會談到“武器協定”“貿易協定”或“捕魚權協定”等。但它也可以用於兩個人之間的莊嚴的協議或承諾。畢竟，不管什麼時候，只要雙方握手達成協議，他們都不會準備互相開戰了。

pace＼pаsē＼Contrary to the opinion of. 與……的意見相反

●She had only three husbands, pace some Hollywood historians who claim she had as many as six. 與某些研究好萊塢歷史的學者的說法相反，她沒有六任丈夫，只有三任。

This word looks like another that is much more familiar, but notice how its pronounced. It is used only by intellectuals, and often printed in italics so that the reader doesnt mistake it for the other word. Writers use it when correcting an opinion that many people believe; for example, “The costs of the program, pace some commentators, will not be significant.” So what does pace have to do with peace? Because it says, “Peace to them (that is, to the people Im mentioning)—I dont want to start an argument; I just want to correct the facts.”

這個詞語看起來與另一個非常熟悉的詞很像，但請注意其發音。它僅供知識分子使用，且常以斜體印刷，這樣讀者就不會把它和另一個詞混為一談了。作家們會用它來糾正很多人認同的觀點，比如:“與一些評論者的觀點相反，該項目的成本並不高。”那麼，pace與和平有什麼關係呢？這是因為它的意思是:“給他們和平（此處的‘他們’指的是我現在所說的人）——我不想挑起爭論，我只想糾正事實。”

Quizzes

A. Match the word on the left to the correct definition on the right:

1. antebellum a. quarrelsome

2. pace b. solemn agreement

3. rebellion c. to make peaceful

4. pacify d. before the war

5. pacifist e. aggressiveness

6. belligerence f. opposition to authority

7. pact g. contrary to the opinion of

8. bellicose h. one who opposes war

B. Fill in each blank with the correct letter:

a. antebellum e. rebellion

b. pacifist f. bellicose

c. pact g. pacify

d. pace h. belligerence

1. The native began at midnight, when a gang of youths massacred the Newton family and set the house afire.

2. The grand mansion has hardly been altered since it was built in 1841.

3. The Senate Republicans, outraged by their treatment, were in a mood.

4. some of the younger scholars, no good evidence has been found that Japan was involved in the incident.

5. The ceasefire that had been reached with such effort was shattered by the news of the slaughter.

6. Their relations during the divorce proceedings had been mostly friendly, so his in the judges chambers surprised her.

7. The world watched in amazement as the gentle Gandhi won India its independence with almost no bloodshed.

8. Her soft lullabies could always the unhappy infant.