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本書是運用語言學理論和分析方法解析詩歌語言的開山之作。作者以“前景化”為主線，重點介紹了詩歌語言的特點及其變異形式，用豐富的實例與翔實的解析引導我們運用語言學分析方法賞析英詩，為我們研究文學語言的本質和屬性提供了許多寶貴的啟示和依據。本書理論闡述清晰易懂，既適合專業研究者與高校師生，也適合喜愛英文詩歌的一般讀者。
作者簡介
杰弗裡· N. 利奇（Geoffrey N. Leech）：英國知名語言學家、文體學家、哲學家，曾任英國學術院院士、蘭卡斯特大學語言學及現代英語系教授。
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“當代國外語言學與應用語言學文庫（升級版）”是主要面向高校英語專業高年級本科生、研究生及英語教師的一套大型的、開放性的系列叢書。本升級版或保留原有經典圖書品種，或繼之以經典圖書的新版，或引進國外語言學與應用語言學領域的新銳力作以進一步拓展學科領域，希望它能繼續對我國語言學教學與研究和外語教學與研究起到積極的推動作用。
《英詩學習指南：語言學的分析方法》是“當代國外語言學與應用語言學文庫（升級版）”中的一本，由知名語言學家和文體學家杰弗裡·N. 利奇（Geoffrey N. Leech）撰寫。作者以研究文學文體的語言為宗旨，指導我們運用語言學分析方法賞析英詩，探尋文學語言的本質和屬性。本書理論清晰，案例豐富，是文體學研究不容錯過的入門專著，也可為英語詩歌愛好者提供閱讀指導，從而通過科學客觀的方法欣賞詩歌之美。
《英詩學習指南：語言學的分析方法》是“當代國外語言學與應用語言學文庫（升級版）”中的一本，由知名語言學家和文體學家杰弗裡·N. 利奇（Geoffrey N. Leech）撰寫。作者以研究文學文體的語言為宗旨，指導我們運用語言學分析方法賞析英詩，探尋文學語言的本質和屬性。本書理論清晰，案例豐富，是文體學研究不容錯過的入門專著，也可為英語詩歌愛好者提供閱讀指導，從而通過科學客觀的方法欣賞詩歌之美。
目次
Contents
Foreword xxi
Preface xxiii
Acknowledgments xxv
INTRODUCTION 1
0.1 The ‘lang.-lit.’ problem 1
0.2 A descriptive rhetoric 3
0.3 Poetic language and ‘ordinary’ language 5
0.4 A possible misgiving 6
Notes 7
1 POETRY AND THE LANGUAGE OF PAST AND PRESENT 8
1.1 Varieties of English usage 8
1.2 Linguistic convention in poetry 12
Examples for discussion 19
Notes 22
2 THE CREATIVE USE OF LANGUAGE 23
2.1 The escape from banality 23
2.2 Two meanings of ‘creative’ 24
2.3 The qualities of prose in poetry 25
2.4 Degrees of linguistic audacity 29
Examples for discussion 33
Notes 35
3 VARIETIES OF POETIC LICENCE 36
3.1 Anatomy of language 37
3.2 Types of deviation 42
3.3 Conclusion 52
Examples for discussion 53
Notes 54
4 FOREGROUNDING AND INTERPRETATION 56
4.1 Foregrounding 56
4.2 Interpretation 58
4.3 Parallelism 62
Examples for discussion 69
Notes 71
5 VERBAL REPETITION 73
5.1 Schemes and tropes 74
5.2 Formal repetitions 76
Examples for discussion 86
Notes 88
6 PATTERNS OF SOUND 89
6.1 Sound patterns within syllables 89
6.2 Sound patterns in relation to stress 91
6.3 ‘Music’ in poetry 93
6.4 The interpretation of sound patterns 95
Examples for discussion 100
Notes 102
7 METRE 103
7.1 Rhythm and metre 103
7.2 The rhythm of English 104
7.3 Metre and the line of verse 111
7.4 The interaction of rhythm and verse form 119
7.5 Grammar and metre 122
For discussion 128
Notes 128
8 THE IRRATIONAL IN POETRY 131
8.1 A logical view of meaning 131
8.2 Redundancy in poetry 136
8.3 Absurdity in poetry 140
8.4 Beyond reason and credibility 143
Examples for discussion 144
Notes 146
9 FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE 147
9.1 Transference of meaning 148
9.2 Aspects of metaphor 153
Examples for discussion 164
Notes 165
10 HONEST DECEPTIONS 166
10.1 Hyperbole and litotes 167
10.2 Irony 171
Examples for discussion 179
Notes 182
11 IMPLICATIONS OF CONTEXT 183
11.1 Licences of situation 184
11.2 The given situation 187
11.3 The ‘world within the poem’ 189
11.4 Situation and action 199
11.5 Conclusion 201
Examples for discussion 202
Notes 204
12 AMBIGUITY AND INDETERMINACY 205
12.1 Kinds of ambiguity 205
12.2 Puns and word-play 209
12.3 Open interpretation 214
Examples for discussion 221
Notes 223
CONCLUSION 225
Notes 227
Suggestions for Further Reading 229
General Index 233
Index of Sources of Examples for Discussion 239
Foreword xxi
Preface xxiii
Acknowledgments xxv
INTRODUCTION 1
0.1 The ‘lang.-lit.’ problem 1
0.2 A descriptive rhetoric 3
0.3 Poetic language and ‘ordinary’ language 5
0.4 A possible misgiving 6
Notes 7
1 POETRY AND THE LANGUAGE OF PAST AND PRESENT 8
1.1 Varieties of English usage 8
1.2 Linguistic convention in poetry 12
Examples for discussion 19
Notes 22
2 THE CREATIVE USE OF LANGUAGE 23
2.1 The escape from banality 23
2.2 Two meanings of ‘creative’ 24
2.3 The qualities of prose in poetry 25
2.4 Degrees of linguistic audacity 29
Examples for discussion 33
Notes 35
3 VARIETIES OF POETIC LICENCE 36
3.1 Anatomy of language 37
3.2 Types of deviation 42
3.3 Conclusion 52
Examples for discussion 53
Notes 54
4 FOREGROUNDING AND INTERPRETATION 56
4.1 Foregrounding 56
4.2 Interpretation 58
4.3 Parallelism 62
Examples for discussion 69
Notes 71
5 VERBAL REPETITION 73
5.1 Schemes and tropes 74
5.2 Formal repetitions 76
Examples for discussion 86
Notes 88
6 PATTERNS OF SOUND 89
6.1 Sound patterns within syllables 89
6.2 Sound patterns in relation to stress 91
6.3 ‘Music’ in poetry 93
6.4 The interpretation of sound patterns 95
Examples for discussion 100
Notes 102
7 METRE 103
7.1 Rhythm and metre 103
7.2 The rhythm of English 104
7.3 Metre and the line of verse 111
7.4 The interaction of rhythm and verse form 119
7.5 Grammar and metre 122
For discussion 128
Notes 128
8 THE IRRATIONAL IN POETRY 131
8.1 A logical view of meaning 131
8.2 Redundancy in poetry 136
8.3 Absurdity in poetry 140
8.4 Beyond reason and credibility 143
Examples for discussion 144
Notes 146
9 FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE 147
9.1 Transference of meaning 148
9.2 Aspects of metaphor 153
Examples for discussion 164
Notes 165
10 HONEST DECEPTIONS 166
10.1 Hyperbole and litotes 167
10.2 Irony 171
Examples for discussion 179
Notes 182
11 IMPLICATIONS OF CONTEXT 183
11.1 Licences of situation 184
11.2 The given situation 187
11.3 The ‘world within the poem’ 189
11.4 Situation and action 199
11.5 Conclusion 201
Examples for discussion 202
Notes 204
12 AMBIGUITY AND INDETERMINACY 205
12.1 Kinds of ambiguity 205
12.2 Puns and word-play 209
12.3 Open interpretation 214
Examples for discussion 221
Notes 223
CONCLUSION 225
Notes 227
Suggestions for Further Reading 229
General Index 233
Index of Sources of Examples for Discussion 239
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