Wives of Governors in New Zealand

Across the years 1887 to 1926, at a time when the British Empire was at its height,

nine governors and their wives took up vice-regal office in New Zealand. This study

is concerned with the public enactment of the position of vice-regal wives' in New

Zealand in these years. It explores what it meant for a woman to be a public figure

with a prominent profile and at the same time a wife within a marriage during the

late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In doing so, the thesis looks at three

distinct aspects of vice-regal life, as played out in public: official vice-regal ceremony

and social life; involvement in voluntary welfare and women's imperialist

organisations; and the display of vice-regal life through governors' wives'

appearance and the furnishing of Government House. Of key concern is the way in

which these aspects of vice-regal life are conveyed to the public through

newspapers, and so Judith Butler's theory of gender performativity is considered as

a way to think about the position occupied by governors' wives.

As women married to men in public office, governors' wives occupied a particular

position and space within the British Empire in the late nineteenth and early

twentieth centuries. The position was defined and created through marriage and

through the enactment of the duties of vice-regal office. Governors' wives were

present at vice-regal ceremonies and social events as both witnesses and wives; they

involved themselves with voluntary welfare and imperialist organisations with a

particular focus on women as mothers and contributors to Empire; and through

their dress and the decoration of Government House governors' wives presented a

display of their suitability for holding vice-regal office. The enactment of these duties

over the period from 1887 to 1926 was remarkably consistent. Alongside this a

degree of change occurred in the recognition afforded to governors' wives in the

fulfilment of vice-regal office.