Perovskite materials with a general formula ABO3 exhibit rich and varying physical properties including magnetic, semi-conducting, ferroelectric, multiferroic. Thus it is interesting and meaningful in both theory and experiments of these materials. In ABO3 structure, the zero occupancy of the transition metal B cations are chemically known to favour ferroelectricity. The availability of the transition metal d electrons in the perovskite oxides are necessary for magnetism to reduce the tendency for off centering ferroelectric distortions. Hence ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity seem to be mutually exclusive in perovskite structure oxides and the scarcity of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric materials has stimulated many theoretical and experimental works. A few metal oxides are known to exhibit ferroelectricity at relatively high temperatures and a magnetic transition at lower temperatures. Recently some researchers have found that rare earth chromites with formula ReCrO3 exhibit canted anti ferromagnetic [TN=113-140 K] and dielectric [TC=472-516K] transition characteristic which is a kind of possible multiferroic behavior.
From the above discussion it is clear that the importance of the perovskite structure which has a stable and standard structure and also the transition metal oxides as a possible important application as a multiferroic materials. In particular, the rare earth transition metal oxides from the perovskite family are well known due to their striking properties which are related to exchange mechanisms and the competition between ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic phases
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