Fascism and Democracy in Italy

On the occasion of the reissue in Russia in 2024 of a unique collection of articles entitled "World Fascism", originally published in the USSR in 1923, the author in his interdisciplinary study analyzes a wide range of problems related to fascism and democracy in Italy, considering the political and economic aspects of overcoming the dictatorship in this country. He shows the preconditions for the emergence of the phenomenon of fascism, tracing its roots from the creation of a unified Italian state in 1861, the characteristic features of Mussolini's fascist regime, the process of transition to a democratic republic, its formation and development after World War II. In the field of economy the most important tendencies of post-war development, the role of European integration are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the so-called Italian "economic miracle", the reasons for the subsequent decline. Econometric analysis was carried out mainly using the endogenous growth model of Caldorov type with the built-in mechanism of technical progress. This model takes into account not only physical and human capital, but also time in its role as an event space of creative economic activity.