Sewage sludge (SS) is a byproduct generated after processing municipal and industrial waste in sewage treatment plants. organic matter (OM), water and inorganic elements are the major components of the SS. Raw sludge contains between 93% and 99% water, carbon (C) - 50-70%, oxygen (O) - 21-24%, hydrogen (H) - 6.5 -7.3%, nitrogen (N) 15-18%, phosphorous (P) - 1.0-1.5%, sulfur (S) 0-2%. Sewage is a favorable environment for a group of microorganisms known as "sewage fungus," bacteria, protozoa, and fungi. Moreover, viruses have been discovered in sewage and several taxa of microalgae. Communal sewage microorganisms found in the bowel and soil include lactobacilli, streptococci, micrococci, Proteus, pseudo-monas, and coliforms (Negi et al., 2022). It is a challenging profile for the world due to its composition. On one side, it is dominated by OM; on the other, HMs stretch their toxicity to the limit. The generation of SS is high due to the population expansion that gives a large platform to contaminate the water, soil, and air. This era is defined by the globalization of economics and the intensification of anthropogenic practices such as urbanization, transportation, mining, agronomy and industry; yet, the waste that is produced along with these activities demands everyone's supreme attention. Waste not properly segregated puts the world in danger of having plants and animals witness man-made or natural tragedies. Waste is typically laden with heavy metals (HMs) like As, Cr, Cd, Hg, Pb, and Zn, which eventually end up in the air, water, and soil (Sarwar et al., 2017). Because HMs are non-biodegradable and have a lengthy life of toxicity, a natural body exposed to HMs once, will retain that toxicity for a very long time (Shah and Daverey, 2020). Even at low concentrations Pb, Cd, and Cr directly target the endocrine and neurological systems, which may cause lethargy in the animal (Rizwan et al., 2018). These HMs are concentrated in a large amount in SS.
外文書商品之書封，為出版社提供之樣本。實際出貨商品，以出版社所提供之現有版本為主。部份書籍，因出版社供應狀況特殊，匯率將依實際狀況做調整。
無庫存之商品，在您完成訂單程序之後，將以空運的方式為你下單調貨。為了縮短等待的時間，建議您將外文書與其他商品分開下單，以獲得最快的取貨速度，平均調貨時間為1~2個月。
為了保護您的權益，「三民網路書店」提供會員七日商品鑑賞期(收到商品為起始日)。
若要辦理退貨，請在商品鑑賞期內寄回，且商品必須是全新狀態與完整包裝(商品、附件、發票、隨貨贈品等)否則恕不接受退貨。
