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Manufacturing and sales of photovoltaic (PV) energy have been growing at rates in excess of 40% for the last several years. Advances in materials research have been the basis for much of this progress - resulting in reduced costs and improved conversion efficiencies and reliabilities for solar systems. This volume features studies from a cross-section of current industry research leaders, new start-up companies, and university and laboratory researchers. It highlights the most significant advances in PV materials and device research, and examines research challenges to reaching the ultimate potential of current-generation (crystalline silicon), next-generation (thin films and concentrators), and future-generation PV technologies. The latter includes innovative materials and device concepts that hold the promise of significantly higher conversion efficiencies and/or much lower costs. Topics include: silicon solar cells and devices; thin-film polycrystalline materials and devices; charac

Increased production of photovoltaic (PV) energy and its rapidly growing market have resulted in reduced costs, as well as improved conversion efficiencies and reliabilities for solar systems. Much of this rapid progress has occurred because of materials advances in solar cell processing technologies over the past three decades. However, there are still many challenges ahead -challenges to further lower PV energy costs, produce stable and higher efficiency modules, and perform R&D on the next generation of solar cells and materials. Researchers review the latest advances in PV materials, device processing technology, and manufacturing tools, and to address the many research challenges that remain. The book groups technologies based on silicon, thin-film materials, and novel approaches. Topics include: crystalline silicon technologies; CdTe- and GaAs-based technologies; PV devices and module issues; metallizations, microcracks and new manufacturing initiatives; CIGS; and thin films and