Pope Innocent III has long been seen as a central figure in the history of the medieval papacy. The Imperial struggle, on which attention has most often focused, is not, however, Brenda Bolton’s direc
Medievalists explore how the exercise of and justification for political power was portrayed in Medieval Europe. Their topics include image-making for conquerors of English Cnut and William I, the que
The year 2000 witnessed the 900th anniversary of the birth of Adrian IV, the only Englishman to sit on the papal throne. His short pontificate of four and a half years, distracted by crisis and contro
Boyle, Prefect of the Vatican Library, died in 1999, and scholars from North America, Australia, and Europe commemorate his contributions by focusing on three of his particular interests: Rome and the
