Celebrity has long been tied to political aspirations in American history. Decades before the United States had a president from the realm of reality TV or the movies, we had scores of politicians wi
The text covers all types of craft from flat-bottom rowboats to ocean cruisers and commercial vessels, and aids the builder in overcoming difficulties and discouraging delays resulting from the lack
Language tests play pivotal roles in education, research on learning, and gate-keeping decisions. The central concern for language testing professionals is how to investigate whether or not tests are appropriate for their intended purposes. This book introduces an argument-based validity framework to help with the design of research that investigates the validity of language test interpretation and use. The book presents the principal concepts and technical terms, then shows how they can be implemented successfully in practice through a variety of validation studies. It also demonstrates how argument-based validity intersects with technology in language testing research and highlights the use of validity argument for identifying research questions and interpreting the results of validation research. Use of the framework helps researchers in language testing to communicate clearly and consistently about technical issues with each other and with researchers of other types of tests.
Language tests play pivotal roles in education, research on learning, and gate-keeping decisions. The central concern for language testing professionals is how to investigate whether or not tests are appropriate for their intended purposes. This book introduces an argument-based validity framework to help with the design of research that investigates the validity of language test interpretation and use. The book presents the principal concepts and technical terms, then shows how they can be implemented successfully in practice through a variety of validation studies. It also demonstrates how argument-based validity intersects with technology in language testing research and highlights the use of validity argument for identifying research questions and interpreting the results of validation research. Use of the framework helps researchers in language testing to communicate clearly and consistently about technical issues with each other and with researchers of other types of tests.
Focusing on the fundamentals of shell theories, their mathematical bases and finite element discretizations, this updated and authoritative edition includes major new additions on areas including 3-D
This book presents a modern continuum mechanics and mathematical framework to study shell physical behaviors, and to formulate and evaluate finite element procedures. With a view towards the synergy t
As Francis H. Chapelle reveals in this informative volume, a complex story of geology, hydrology, and history lies behind every bottle of spring water. The book chronicles the history of the bottled w
A collection of approximately forty portraits with mini biographies of Maryland’s extraordinary African American men and women. Included are well known luminaries Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, "
In the field of machine learning, semi-supervised learning (SSL) occupies the middle ground, between supervised learning (in which all training examples are labeled) and unsupervised learning (in whi
The newly revised Le Francais: Depart-Arrivee, Fourth Edition, is a complete introductory and early intermediate program that teaches the basic structures and vocabulary of French language and culture
Tips for Teaching with CALL: Practical Approaches to Computer-Assisted Language Learning, by Carol A. Chapelle and Joan Jamieson, introduces English language teachers to computer-assisted language lea
The bark canoes of the North American Indians, particularly those of birchbark, were among the most highly developed manually propelled primitive watercraft. They could be used to carry heavy loads in
In the field of machine learning, semi-supervised learning (SSL) occupies the middle ground, between supervised learning (in which all training examples are labeled) and unsupervised learning (in whi
This book concentrates on the various fields related to the development of a nanobiosensor and presents the latest information from renowned experts. It focuses on the enhanced spectroscopy, including
The authoritative fashion history of the roots, growth, and offshoots of the quintessentially American preppy style.? Preppy offers the first definitive and in-depth volume on preppy fashion, explorin
This volume offers researchers and engineers practical solutions for learning from large-scale datasets, with detailed descriptions of algorithms and experiments carried out on realistically large dat
