Impact evaluation has grown more popular as a method for identifying the causal links between interventions and outcomes. These kind of evaluations assess changes that can be attributed to a particula
This edited volume contains eight studies of financial sector challenges in Africa that served as background studies for Financing Africa: Through the Crisis and Beyond. One of the major challenges fo
Becoming a middle-income economy is an explicit development goal of many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. This book assesses the implications of that goal for secondary education in Ethiopia. It shows
With some six billion mobile subscriptions now in use worldwide, around three-quarters of the world’s inhabitants now have access to a mobile phone. Mobiles are arguably the most ubiquitous modern tec
Ghana's government has embarked on a decentralization process since the 1980s, but devolution of the health system faces important challenges and weaknesses. Ghana has made significant progress, and s
The lives of women around the world have improved dramatically, at a pace and scope diffi cult to imagine even 25 years ago. Women have made unprecedented gains in rights, education, health, and acces
While some health indicators in Madagascar are on par with international and regional standards, the country is lagging behind in others. This is largely explained by the vulnerability of two groups:
This is a World Bank Working Paper on employment and skills development among youth in the African country of The Gambia, where youth under 20, nearly half of the population, represent nearly 60 perce
This book serves as a toolkit on risk-based audits and brings together country experiences for implementing risk-based audit systems. Risk management is an important element of effective and efficient
The department of the World Bank called the Independent Evaluation Group assesses the performance of its mother institution during 2010. The year was dominated by the response to the global financial
The global financial crisis that began in late 2008 has set back ambitious infrastructure development plans among many countries in Europe and Central Asia (ECA). Many such plans relied on Public-Priv
'A Unified Approach to Measuring Poverty and Inequality: Theory and Practice' is an introduction to the theory and practice of measuring poverty and inequality, as well as a user's guide for analyzing
Impressive gains have been made in expanding access to higher education in East Asia over the past few decades, and the significance of higher education is expected to increase as developing economies
Cities concentrate wealth, people and productivity while consuming much of the world's energy and producing much of the world's greenhouse gas emissions. This concentration makes cities and their popu
Innovations in Land Rights Recognition, Administration, and Governance is part of the World Bank Studies series. These papers are published to communicate the results of the Bank's ongoing research a
Developing country governments and the development aid community are acutely aware of the need to find more effective ways to improve basic living conditions for the poor, as traditional approaches of
Urban areas account for two-thirds of global energy requriements while housing half of the world's population. With current projections indicating that approximately 70 percent of the world's populat
Today's enormous development challenges are complicated by the reality of climate change-the two are inextricably linked and together demand immediate attention. Climate change threatens all countries
Today's enormous development challenges are complicated by the reality of climate change-the two are inextricably linked and together demand immediate attention. Climate change threatens all countries
Public programs are designed to reach certain goals and beneficiaries. Methods to understand whether such programs actually work, as well as the level and nature of impacts on intended beneficiaries,
This paper reviews how women in the developing world access and use information and communication technology (ICT). It examines the discourse and controversies surrounding the digital gender divide, i
The government of Bolivia seeks to reinvigorate the nontraditional export sector as part of its national development strategy. This Country Study investigates the role that trade should play in Bolivi
Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs aim to reduce poverty by making welfare programs conditional upon the receivers' actions. That is, the government only transfers the money to persons who meet
Vietnam’s successes in the health sector are remarkable. Between 2000 and 2005, Vietnam achieved reductions in mortality rates for all ages, while some of its neighbors saw little change or even incre
This book summarizes the key findings and policy recommendations of a comprehensive diagnosis of a Public Expenditure Management and Financial Accountability Review (PEMFAR). The PEMFAR is an exercise
This title seeks to provide an improved understanding of the links between environmental health risks and malnutrition, analyze new data for the environmental health burden of disease that relates to
Africa is on the move, demonstrating in recent years a significant potential for economic growth. Although the region still faces many challenges, it is also generating pockets of economic vitality in
'Building Science, Technology, and Innovation Capacity in Rwanda' presents the methodology, policy conclusions, and detailed action plans that emerged from a World Bank science, technology, and innova
Perry et al. (economics and macroeconomics and growth, Latin American and the Caribbean Region and Development Economics, World Bank) assemble nine essays that consider how fiscal policy in Latin Amer
This paper provides an assessment of the Polish funded pension system and the quality of the regulatory framework for the accumulation phase. There are two elements that distinguish the Polish pensio
India's recent growth rate has been impressive, with real GDP rising by over 8 percent a yearsince 2004. The country is also becoming a top global innovator for high-tech products andservices. Still,
Presented by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank and aimed at policy makers, this volume describes quality systems for private sector development, with a focus on
Services and services trade matter for development in a least developed country like Zambia. Services include finance, communications, transport, distribution, health, education and tourism. Services
This study investigates the relationship between financial sector development and progress in reaching the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It assesses the contribution of countries' financial sec
Providing the most complete and up to date analysis of the range of agricultural issues under negotiation in the multilateral trade negotiations underway in the World Trade Organization (WTO), this ti
Health ministries around the world face a new challenge: to assess the risks and respond to the opportunities of the increasing openness in health services under the World Trade Organization's (WTO) G
Recognition of the problem of "indoor air pollution" (IAP) and its deleterious effects of health is growing worldwide as efforts increase to understand and articulate the complex health-air pollution
According to the authors of 'Zambia', poverty is on the rise in the country, its economy is not growing fast enough, the quality of economic governance is on the decline, and its public resources are
In the 1970s and early 1980s, Vietnam's economic performance was dismal, and Vietnam was one of the poorest countries in the world. With the adoption of new market-oriented policies in the late 1980's
Little over a decade ago, infrastructure concessions promised to solve Latin America's endemic infrastructure deficit. Awarded in competitive auctions, these concessions were supposed to combine priva
