Comparative-Historical Methods

「不投林白就是選擇戰爭！」預言美國後九一一與川普時代的警鐘之書◆HBO迷你劇集《美國外史》改編原作◆◆《紐約時報》二十一世紀百大選書 #60 ◆◆2005年美國歷史學家協會歷史小說獎得主◆（Society of American Historians Prize for Historical Fiction）在這些所有記憶中，永久盤據的恐懼勝過了一切。當然，沒有人的童年是完全沒有恐懼的，但我總想，如果林白沒有當選總統，或如果我不是猶太人的孩子，會不會少一點恐懼？一九四〇年，時年七歲的男孩菲利普．羅斯，與任保險業務員的父親、家庭主婦的母親及富有藝術天分的哥哥同住在紐華克市的威奎依猶太社區，和樂融融。菲利普受美國最著名的集郵家羅斯福總統啟發，從小熱中集郵，最大的願望就是收集到人人稱羨不已的夢幻郵票。一切都在林白上台後改變。羅斯福在總統大選中慘敗給這位年輕氣盛的傳奇飛行英雄，退隱故居；林白則與阿道夫．希特勒及軸心國結盟，誓言不讓這個偉大的國家捲入世界大戰，以此捍衛美國的核心價值。劇變衝擊了羅斯一家，在一次目睹父親崩潰嚎哭之後，菲利普知道快樂的童年一去不返，從今以後只剩恐懼。這裡，從來不是他的國家。美國當代名家菲利普．羅斯遊走虛實之間，以其尖銳筆鋒重返二戰時空，從「可能的美國」當中思及美國浩瀚、多樣性的複雜面貌。◆聯合推薦黃崇凱 小說家蔡易澄 作家顏擇雅 出版人、作家◆各界推薦「菲利普．羅斯再次出版了一本你必須一讀的小說，現在就讀……出色的傑作。」——《基督科學箴言報》（The Christian Science Monitor）「這不是預言，而是夢魘；隨著故事推進，夢魘越來越可怕，同時也變得越來越可笑、越來越詭異……迂迴而又高明的作品。」——《紐約客》（The New Yorker）「貼身觀察到各個角色陷入了社會上最深沉、最苦澀的壓力當中，會是如何……這本書就是最高明的折磨手段，讓人無法放下。」——《新聞週刊》（Newsweek）「（羅斯的聲音）從未如此細膩……精雕細琢地如此美麗……一名小說家在這四十五年來一直不斷改造自己，而《反美陰謀》就是最為出色的作品。」——《波士頓全球報》（The Boston Globe）「傑出之作……羅斯的文筆優美而有力，旋繞著、起舞著、憤怒著……似乎從來沒有如此精確而明朗。」——《沃斯堡星報》（Fort Worth Star-Telegram

病人突發性心跳停止，經急救團隊努力恢復心跳後，接著的復甦後照顧非常重要。病人是否能長期存活? 是否能恢復正常意識? 甚至重回工作崗位，是從事急救加護醫護人員致力追求的志業。目標 控治療(targeted temperature management) 在此時期扮演重要角色。本手冊《高品質急救復甦後照護臨床手冊》，針對前述議題作了最先進的以實證醫學為基礎的文獻回顧及建議。本臨床手冊內容簡單扼要，回顧當前臨床醫學證據、建議作法及執行細節，為從事復甦後照護及 控治療人員提供助力及指引，讓大家能順利達成提升病人存活機率及恢復正常意識的機會。本手冊主題包括: 復甦後症候群及目標 控治療的應用(Indications)、重症加護治療（包括呼吸及感控控制）、目標溫控治療的Timing、duration、targeted temperature、range、methods 等、心血管評估及介入(Cardiac management, PCIwith hyporthermia)、血流動力學支持及葉克膜治療(hemodynamicsupport and ECMO)、神經學評估及治療(Neuro-management,seizure control)、預後評估及復原(prognosis and recovery)、高品質復甦照護及流程實務(Implementation and protocol)，針對前述主題，本書皆作深入探討，並各列子題進行明確建議及詳列相關參考文獻。本手冊為台大醫院急診部主任黃建華教授主持，其與所有協同作者群，皆是國內急救加護醫學界菁英，非僅學識豐富，亦具多年臨床實務經驗。本手冊之編篡成功也顯現國內菁英團隊共同合作努力的成果！回顧20 年前，本人於單獨於書房撰寫TTM 人體試驗計劃書，今昔相較，更表現出台灣急救加護醫學界人才輩出、努力不懈。本人已從台大急診醫學部退休，含笑交棒、欣見各方英才傑出表現！回顧醫者初心，救人一命，勝造七級浮屠。恭喜各位作者，為台灣突發心跳停止病人作出重大貢獻！ 台灣大學醫學院 名譽教授前 中華民國急救加護醫學會 理事長中華民國心臟學會 理事長陳文鍾 謹識2023 年9 月14 日

當東方傳統的「打罵教育」 遇上美國教育家的「柔性管理」 在講求民主的時代，體罰已逐漸被淘汰， 但――不能打罵孩子，就不知道怎麼教育孩子了嗎？ 那你真是愧對「父母」的身分！ 雅各布．艾伯特（Jacob Abbott）告訴你： 只有無能的父母才會訴諸暴力， 孩子之所以不聽話，是因為「認同感」尚未成立！ The Principles on Which a Firm Parental Authority May Be Established and Maintained, Without Violence or Anger, and the Right Development of the Moral and Mental Capacities Be Promoted by Methods in Harmony with the Structure and the Characteristics of the Juvenile Mind ――在符合青少年心理結構及性格特點的原則下，以柔和手法建立家長的權威；並以非暴力形式正確促進青少年道德與心理發展 ▎三種帶有「暴力」性質的教育方法 ►體罰 有些父母會在一氣之下責打孩子，甚至將孩子關進「小黑屋」， 他們認為這類懲罰能有效讓孩子意識到自己的錯誤並加以改正。 事實上，過度的刺激不僅傷害幼童身體的正常發育， 更可能導致孩子長期對父母、家庭抱持怨恨心態， 成為長大後神經錯亂或身體機能失調的根源，為日後生活埋下隱患。 ►恐嚇 所謂「恐嚇」，就是利用恐怖故事和鬼怪形象威脅孩子。 「再不乖乖聽話，幽靈就會把你帶走吃掉喔！」 這些恐嚇看似未對孩子身體造成傷害， 恐怖心理卻透過孩子的想像無限放大， 最終產生精神疾病，開始害怕黑暗或者害怕獨自一人。 ►斥責 在所有的暴力教育中，斥責往往最容易被忽略， 父母希望透過嚴厲的批評和責罵，使孩子產生愧疚感和危機意識。 表面上看起來沒什麼問題，但如果用力過猛，傷害孩子的敏感神經， 很可能適得其反，導致孩子出現焦慮症，隨時處於恐懼和緊張中。 ▎兩種樹立父母權威的「懷柔」技巧 ►有錯必懲：抑制叛逆心理 所謂柔性教育，並不是指無止境地溺愛孩子， 而是把「順從」培養成孩子的習慣，讓他們「自主聽話」。 父母要切記：不要讓孩子透過叛逆的行為來獲得好處。 相反，當孩子反抗家長的指示或感到不以為然時， 家長應適度處罰孩子

《無極天主正教真傳實錄》Rectificación y Mejora de Principios Naturales本書是西班牙道明會嗃呣𠿢（Juan Cobo）神父，為了向華人宣揚天主教義及西方科學知識，在馬尼拉當地閩南人的幫助下完成翻譯工作，而後在華人刻工的協助下，於1593年完成刻版印刷傳世。書分為九個章節，前三章主要為介紹天主教教義，後六章則是有關天文、地理及動植物的科學知識，並附上生動的圖說，為現存世界上最早以閩南語將十六世紀西歐知識譯成漢字的書籍，具體呈現大航海時代閩南人與西班牙人在宗教、科學知識交流的過程與成果，為人類「世界記憶」（Memory of the World）的重要資產。This book was written by Spanish Dominican missionary Juan Cobo, who wished to spread Catholicism and western scientific knowledge to Chinese people. Its translation was completed in Manila with help from local Hokkien people, and it was printed in 1593 with aid from Chinese typographers. The book had nine chapters; the first three chapters mainly introduced Catholic doctrines, while the remaining six chapters contained scientific knowledge from fields such as astronomy, geography, zoology, and botany, which were complemented with vivid graphic illustrations. This book was considered the earliest work that translated 16th century Western European knowledge into Hokkien with Chinese charac

《明心寶鑑》抄譯本收藏於西班牙馬德里國家圖書館，此書是十四世紀以來流行於東亞各地的書籍，為童蒙用書與善書，內容抄撮各種書籍中的嘉言警語，作為修身、行世之用。十六世紀下半葉閩南人至馬尼拉經商、住居，亦將此類日用書籍帶至馬尼拉。《明心寶鑑》抄譯本由西班牙道明會傳教士嗃呣𠿢（Juan Cobo）與馬尼拉唐人合作抄譯，約完成於1590年前後，具體呈現大航海時代閩南人與西班牙語世界的交流過程與成果，為人類「世界記憶」（Memory of the World）的重要資產。The translated transcription of the Beng Sim Po Cam was a collection of the Biblioteca Nacional de España in Madrid. A popular book that had been circulating in East Asia since the fourteenth century, it was used for children's enlightenment and moral guidance. It collected proverbs and warnings from various texts which were meant to cultivate moral character and advise on choices in life. When Hokkien people arrived in Manila in late sixteenth century for trade and settlement, they also brought books of daily use like this one to Manila. The translated transcription of the Beng Sim Po Cam was transcribed by Spanish Dominican missionary Juan Cobo with help from Chinese in Manila. It was completed around 1590, and it definitely presented the process and achi

This book presents, for the first time in English, a collection of speeches delivered by Wen Jiabao, China’s Premier from 2003 to 2013, at the six successive Summer Davos Forums held in China from 200

A new and important contribution to the re-emergent field of comparative anthropology, this book argues that comparative ethnographic methods are essential for more contextually sophisticated accounts of a number of pressing human concerns today. The book includes expert accounts from an international team of scholars, showing how these methods can be used to illuminate important theoretical and practical projects. Illustrated with examples of successful inter-disciplinary projects, it highlights the challenges, benefits, and innovative strategies involved in working collaboratively across disciplines. Through its focus on practical methodological and logistical accounts, it will be of value to both seasoned researchers who seek practical models for conducting their own cutting-edge comparative research, and to teachers and students who are looking for first-person accounts of comparative ethnographic research.

A new and important contribution to the re-emergent field of comparative anthropology, this book argues that comparative ethnographic methods are essential for more contextually sophisticated accounts of a number of pressing human concerns today. The book includes expert accounts from an international team of scholars, showing how these methods can be used to illuminate important theoretical and practical projects. Illustrated with examples of successful inter-disciplinary projects, it highlights the challenges, benefits, and innovative strategies involved in working collaboratively across disciplines. Through its focus on practical methodological and logistical accounts, it will be of value to both seasoned researchers who seek practical models for conducting their own cutting-edge comparative research, and to teachers and students who are looking for first-person accounts of comparative ethnographic research.

‘Regimes of Happiness’ is a comparative and historical analysis of how human societies have articulated and enacted distinctive notions of human fulfillment, determining divergent moral, ethical and r

Plato and Xenophon: Comparative Studies contains a wide variety of comparative studies of the writings of Plato and Xenophon, from philosophical, literary, and historical perspectives.

Mixed Methods in Ethnographic Research: Historical Perspectives captures the dynamic history and development of mixed methods research in a narrative of personal discovery, growth, and experience. Dis

Mixed Methods in Ethnographic Research: Historical Perspectives captures the dynamic history and development of mixed methods research in a narrative of personal discovery, growth, and experience. Dis

Changes in Censuses from Imperialist to Welfare States, the second of two volumes, uses historical and comparative methods to analyze censuses or census-like information in the United Kingdom, the Uni

Intestate Succession is the second volume in the Comparative Succession Lawseries which examines the principles of succession law from a comparative and historical perspective. This volume discusses t

Nursing Research Using Historical Methods: Qualitative Designs and Methods in Nursing is one book in a series of seven volumes that presents concise, how-to guides to conducting qualitative research -

Approaches and methods in comparative education are of obvious importance, but do not always receive adequate attention. This second edition of a well-received book, containing thoroughly updated and

"Harmony is a concept essential to Confucianism and to the way of life of past and present people in East Asia. Integrating methods of textual exegesis, historical investigation, comparative analysis,

Bringing the advances of theoretical linguistics to the study of language change in a systematic way, this innovative textbook demonstrates the mutual relevance of historical linguistics and contemporary linguistics. Numerous case studies throughout the book show both that theoretical linguistics can be used to solve problems where traditional approaches to historical linguistics have failed to produce satisfying results, and that the results of historical research can have an impact on theory. The book first explains the nature of human language and the sources of language change in broad terms. It then focuses on different types of language change from contemporary viewpoints, before exploring comparative reconstruction - the most spectacular success of traditional historical linguistics - and the problems inherent in trying to devise new methods for linguistic comparison. Positioned at the cutting edge of the field, the book argues that this approach can and should lead to the re-in

Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and other set-theoretic methods distinguish themselves from other approaches to the study of social phenomena by using sets and the search for set relations. In virtually all social science fields, statements about social phenomena can be framed in terms of set relations, and using set-theoretic methods to investigate these statements is therefore highly valuable. This book guides readers through the basic principles of set theory and then on to the applied practices of QCA. It provides a thorough understanding of basic and advanced issues in set-theoretic methods together with tricks of the trade, software handling and exercises. Most arguments are introduced using examples from existing research. The use of QCA is increasing rapidly and the application of set-theory is both fruitful and still widely misunderstood in current empirical comparative social research. This book provides the comprehensive guide to these methods for researchers across t

Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and other set-theoretic methods distinguish themselves from other approaches to the study of social phenomena by using sets and the search for set relations. In virtually all social science fields, statements about social phenomena can be framed in terms of set relations, and using set-theoretic methods to investigate these statements is therefore highly valuable. This book guides readers through the basic principles of set theory and then on to the applied practices of QCA. It provides a thorough understanding of basic and advanced issues in set-theoretic methods together with tricks of the trade, software handling and exercises. Most arguments are introduced using examples from existing research. The use of QCA is increasing rapidly and the application of set-theory is both fruitful and still widely misunderstood in current empirical comparative social research. This book provides the comprehensive guide to these methods for researchers across t

A Linguistic History of Arabic presents a reconstruction of proto-Arabic by the methods of historical-comparative linguistics. It challenges the traditional conceptualization of an old, Classical lang

The New Fiscal Sociology: Taxation in Comparative and Historical Perspective demonstrates that the study of taxation can illuminate fundamental dynamics of modern societies. The sixteen essays in this collection offer a state-of-the-art survey of the new fiscal sociology that is emerging at the intersection of sociology, history, political science, and law. The contributors include some of the foremost comparative historical scholars in these disciplines and others. They approach the institution of taxation as a window onto the changing social contract. Their chapters address the social and historical sources of tax policy, the problem of how taxes persist, and the social and cultural consequences of taxation. They trace fundamental connections between tax institutions and macrohistorical phenomena - wars, shifting racial boundaries, religious traditions, gender regimes, labor systems, and more.

The New Fiscal Sociology: Taxation in Comparative and Historical Perspective demonstrates that the study of taxation can illuminate fundamental dynamics of modern societies. The sixteen essays in this collection offer a state-of-the-art survey of the new fiscal sociology that is emerging at the intersection of sociology, history, political science, and law. The contributors include some of the foremost comparative historical scholars in these disciplines and others. They approach the institution of taxation as a window onto the changing social contract. Their chapters address the social and historical sources of tax policy, the problem of how taxes persist, and the social and cultural consequences of taxation. They trace fundamental connections between tax institutions and macrohistorical phenomena - wars, shifting racial boundaries, religious traditions, gender regimes, labor systems, and more.

This college-level textbook is intended to introduce students to modern comparative political analysis and comparative research methods in political science. It also covers the institutional features

Research Methods for Law introduces undergraduate and postgraduate students to available methods of research - legalistic, empirical, comparative and theoretical - drawing on actual research projects

Research Methods for Law introduces undergraduate and postgraduate students to available methods of research - legalistic, empirical, comparative and theoretical - drawing on actual research projects

A Linguistic History of Arabic presents a reconstruction of proto-Arabic by the methods of historical-comparative linguistics. It challenges the traditional conceptualization of an old, classical lang

An authoritative account of the German law of obligations after the reform legislation of 2002 and a critical assessment of the new law in historical and comparative perspective. The analysis covers t

In general, Western historiography informs itself, and is quite happy with this arrangement. In this proceedings of the conference "Chinese Historiography and Historical Culture from a Comparative Per

The Jungians: A Comparative and Historical Perspective is the first book to trace the history of the profession of analytical psychology from its origins in 1913 until the present.As someone who has b

In this accessible and engaging work, Kalberg shows how Weber's work casts a direct light upon issues of pressing importance for comparative-historical research today addressing in a forceful way the

We came to the task of editing this book from different disciplines and back­ grounds but with a mutuality of interest in exploring the concept of literacy campaigns in historical and comparative pers

This book uses the philosophy of Thomas Kuhn to provide a new vision of the development of European comparative law that will challenge and inspire scholars in the field.With the ‘empathic’ use of some ideas from Kuhn’s theories on the history of science – paradigm, paradigm-shift, puzzle-solving research and incommensurability – the book rethinks the modern history of European comparative law from the late 19th century to the modern day. It argues that three major paradigms determine modern comparative law:- historical and comparative jurisprudence, - droit comparé , and - post-World War II comparative law.It concludes that contemporary methodological trends are not signs of a paradigm-shift toward a postmodern and culturalist understanding of comparative law, but that the new approach spreads the idea of methodological plurality.

Qualitative comparative methods – and specifically controlled qualitative comparisons – are central to the study of politics. They are not the only kind of comparison, though, that can help us better understand political processes and outcomes. Yet there are few guides for how to conduct non-controlled comparative research. This volume brings together chapters from more than a dozen leading methods scholars from across the discipline of political science, including positivist and interpretivist scholars, qualitative methodologists, mixed-methods researchers, ethnographers, historians, and statisticians. Their work revolutionizes qualitative research design by diversifying the repertoire of comparative methods available to students of politics, offering readers clear suggestions for what kinds of comparisons might be possible, why they are useful, and how to execute them. By systematically thinking through how we engage in qualitative comparisons and the kinds of insights those comparis

Qualitative comparative methods – and specifically controlled qualitative comparisons – are central to the study of politics. They are not the only kind of comparison, though, that can help us better understand political processes and outcomes. Yet there are few guides for how to conduct non-controlled comparative research. This volume brings together chapters from more than a dozen leading methods scholars from across the discipline of political science, including positivist and interpretivist scholars, qualitative methodologists, mixed-methods researchers, ethnographers, historians, and statisticians. Their work revolutionizes qualitative research design by diversifying the repertoire of comparative methods available to students of politics, offering readers clear suggestions for what kinds of comparisons might be possible, why they are useful, and how to execute them. By systematically thinking through how we engage in qualitative comparisons and the kinds of insights those comparis

The Media and Austerity examines the role of the news media in communicating and critiquing economic and social austerity measures in Europe since 2010. From an array of comparative, historical and in

The Media and Austerity examines the role of the news media in communicating and critiquing economic and social austerity measures in Europe since 2010. From an array of comparative, historical and in

This book examines the post-1960s era of popular music in the Anglo-Black Atlantic through the prism of historical theory and methods. By using a series of case studies, this book mobilizes historical

China in Comparative Perspective provides an overview of China based on empirical observation by field workers, as well as on historical documents, Chinese literary and philosophical texts and core th

China in Comparative Perspective provides an overview of China based on empirical observation by field workers, as well as on historical documents, Chinese literary and philosophical texts and core th