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This collaborative volume is concerned with long-term social change. Envisaging individual societies as interlinked and interdependent parts of a global social system, the aim of the contributors is to determine the extent to which ancient societies were shaped over time by their incorporation in - or resistance to - the larger system. Their particular concern is the dependent relationship between technically and socially more developed societies with a strong state ideology at the centre and the simpler societies that functioned principally as sources of raw materials and manpower on the periphery of the system. The papers in the first part of the book are all concerned with political developments in the Ancient Near East and the notion of a regional system as a framework for analysis. Part 2 examines the problems of conceptualising local societies as discrete centres of development in the context of both the Near East and prehistoric Europe during the second millennium BC. Part 3 the

What constitutes our number concept? What makes it possible for us to employ numbers the way we do; which mental faculties contribute to our grasp of numbers? What do we share with other species, and what is specific to humans? How does our language faculty come into the picture? This 2003 book addresses these questions and discusses the relationship between numerical thinking and the human language faculty, providing psychological, linguistic and philosophical perspectives on number, its evolution and its development in children. Heike Wiese argues that language as a human faculty plays a crucial role in the emergence of systematic numerical thinking. She characterises number sequences as powerful and highly flexible mental tools that are unique to humans and shows that it is language that enables us to go beyond the perception of numerosity and to develop such mental tools.

The concept of identity has become increasingly prominent in the social sciences and humanities. Analysis of the development of social identities is an important focus of scholarly research, and scholars using social identities as the building blocks of social, political, and economic life have attempted to account for a number of discrete outcomes by treating identities as causal factors. The dominant implication of the vast literature on identity is that social identities are among the most important social facts of the world in which we live. Abdelal, Herrera, Johnston, and McDermott have brought together leading scholars from a variety of disciplines to consider the conceptual and methodological challenges associated with treating identity as a variable, offer a synthetic theoretical framework, and demonstrate the possibilities offered by various methods of measurement. The book represents a collection of empirically-grounded theoretical discussions of a range of methodological tec

The concept of identity has become increasingly prominent in the social sciences and humanities. Analysis of the development of social identities is an important focus of scholarly research, and scholars using social identities as the building blocks of social, political, and economic life have attempted to account for a number of discrete outcomes by treating identities as causal factors. The dominant implication of the vast literature on identity is that social identities are among the most important social facts of the world in which we live. Abdelal, Herrera, Johnston, and McDermott have brought together leading scholars from a variety of disciplines to consider the conceptual and methodological challenges associated with treating identity as a variable, offer a synthetic theoretical framework, and demonstrate the possibilities offered by various methods of measurement. The book represents a collection of empirically-grounded theoretical discussions of a range of methodological tec

Collared Urns represent a unified pottery tradition in the prehistory of the British Isles. They serve the archaeologist not only as a source for defining the Bronze Age, but as the basis for understanding regional diversities and as a context for explaining social and cultural development. In this definitive study Dr Longworth bases his new and exhaustive analysis on a complete corpus of known Collared Urns. Each surviving example has been studied; this volume presents a detailed description, notes on the archaeological context and wherever possible, an analytical drawing. The resultant catalogue will serve as a reference book for all concerned with the prehistory of Britain and Ireland, while the discussion of the urns and their prehistoric context sets a firm foundation for the understanding of the Bronze Age.

It has been said that for 99 per cent of their cultural history human societies have made their living through the collection of wild resources. It is therefore perhaps not surprising that the study of hunters and gatherers has become an increasingly popular and central topic of research. Within archaeology it has created an international focus for people working in many different areas of the world. At the same time it has provided a meeting ground for a range of disciplines, all concerned in one way or another with aspects of human behaviour. However, analysis of the prehistoric record has inevitably lagged behind the development of fresh theoretical perspectives. Hunter-gatherer economy in prehistory seeks to bridge this gap by combining the discussion of recent developments in ecological and social theory with the analysis of prehistoric data from many of the classic areas of palaeolithic studies in Europe.

First published in 1983 this book provides a review of the fundamentals of the biology and mechanics of human skin. The major theme is the interaction between and dependence of the integrity of skin on, cell turnover, nutrition, control mechanisms and disease. Mechanical, thermal and electrical properties are presented separately in a way that should allow the mathematically inexperienced reader to understand the principles but with sufficient detail to permit development of more advanced ideas. Discussion of environmental effects on skin includes cosmetics, solar radiation and clinical treatments. An account of methods of wound closure and of the recent attempts to find a substitute for skin completes an overview of this fascinating tissue.

Provides a comprehensive introduction to plant anatomy incorporating basic knowledge with information and ideas about the development of plant structure and form. Unlike many other plant anatomy textb

With revenues from the top five therapeutic antibodies accounting for a majority of the recent pharmaceutical sales, the research and development in the field has exploded over the past several years

Vietnam is peaceful and beautiful when Linnea Miller, a Southeast Asian scholar, arrives in Saigon in December of 1961. Working with the United States Aid for International Development, she's charged

"Sean is an amazing person with an important message." —President Bill Clinton "Sean Stephenson is the Yoda of personal development, with less pointy ears." —Jimmy Kimmel, host of ABC's Jimmy Kimmel

Step up to the plate with 16 of the biggest names in the game: Cy Young, Ty Cobb, Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Jackie Robinson, Roberto Clemente, more. Two uniforms are provided for each player.

Scholars have argued about U.S. state development - in particular its laggard social policy and weak institutional capacity - for generations. Neo-institutionalism has informed and enriched these debates, but, as yet, no scholar has reckoned with a very successful and sweeping social policy designed by the federal government: the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, more popularly known as the GI Bill. Kathleen J. Frydl addresses the GI Bill in this study based on systematic and comprehensive use of the records of the Veterans Administration. Frydl's research situates the Bill squarely in debates about institutional development, social policy and citizenship, and political legitimacy. It demonstrates the multiple ways in which the GI Bill advanced federal power and social policy, and, at the very same time, limited its extent and its effects.

Modern neuroimaging offers tremendous opportunities for gaining insights into normative development and a wide array of developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. Focusing on ontogeny, this text covers basic processes involved in both healthy and atypical maturation, and also addresses the range of neuroimaging techniques most widely used for studying children. This book will enable you to understand normative structural and functional brain maturation and the mechanisms underlying basic developmental processes; become familiar with current knowledge and hypotheses concerning the neural bases of developmental neuropsychiatric disorders; and learn about neuroimaging techniques, including their unique strengths and limitations. Coverage includes normal developmental processes, atypical processing in developmental neuropsychiatric disorders, ethical issues, neuroimaging techniques and their integration with psychopharmacologic and molecular genetic research approaches, and future direction

This volume, originally published in 1989, is intended as a practical guide to archaeological illustration, from drawing finds in the field to technical studio drawing for publication. It is also an invaluable reference tool for the interpretation of illustrations and their status as archaeological evidence. The book's ten chapters start from first principles and guide the illustrator through the historical development of archaeological illustration and basic skills. Each chapter then deals with a different illustrative technique - drawing in the field during survey work and excavation, drawing artefacts, buildings and reconstructions, producing artwork for publication and the early uses of computer graphics. Information about appropriate equipment, as well as a guide to manufacturers, is also supplied. An obvious and important feature of Archaeological Illustration is the 120 line drawings and half-tones which show the right - and the wrong - way of producing drawings. This volume wil

This is a study of Anglo-Norman monastic life and thought between about 1060 and 1130 as seen through the lives and writings of two men: Anslem, Archbishop of Canterbury, the most penetrating intellect between Augustine and Aquinas and the more commonplace observant Eadmer, his biographer. Taken together, the writings of the two men embrace almost every side of contemporary monastic experience. Professor Southern surveys all these aspects as they affect the writings of Anselm and Eadmer. In the first part of this book, he studies Anselm's development as a writer and statesman. In the second part, attention is directed to the community at Canterbury, which provided the background for Anselm's life as archbishop and gave him, in Eadmer, his closest disciple and biographer. The work concludes with a study of Eadmer's writings, especially of his Life of Anselm and with an assessment of the importance of the two men as complementary examples of the Benedictine life of the period.

Structural equation modelling (SEM) is a technique that is used to estimate, analyse and test models that specify relationships among variables. The ability to conduct such analyses is essential for many problems in ecology and evolutionary biology. This book begins by explaining the theory behind the statistical methodology, including chapters on conceptual issues, the implementation of an SEM study and the history of the development of SEM. The second section provides examples of analyses on biological data including multi-group models, means models, P-technique and time-series. The final section of the book deals with computer applications and contrasts three popular SEM software packages. Aimed specifically at biological researchers and graduate students, this book will serve as valuable resource for both learning and teaching the SEM methodology. Moreover, data sets and programs that are presented in the book can also be downloaded from a website to assist the learning process.

In this book David Currie and Paul Levine address a broad range of issues concerning the design and conduct of macroeconomic policy in open economies. Adopting neo-Keynesian models for which monetary and fiscal policy have short-term real effects, they analyse active stabilisation policies in both a single- and multi-country context. Questions addressed include: the merits of simple policy rules, policy design in the face of uncertainty and international policy coordination. A central feature of the book is the treatment of credibility and the effect of a policy-maker's reputation for sticking to announced policies. These considerations are integrated with coordination issues to produce a unique synthesis. The volume develops optimal control methods and dynamic game theory to handle relationships between governments and a conscious rational private sector and produces a unified, coherent approach to the subject. This book will be of interest to students and teachers of open economy mac

First published in 1971 this volume claims that nitration is important for two reasons. First, because it is the most general process for the preparation of aromatic nitro-compounds, and secondly, on account of the part it has played in the development of theoretical organic chemistry. The special concern of this monograph is with those nitrating systems in which mechanistic studies have established, or made probable, the identity of the agent through which they effect nitration. It presents a summary of the understanding of the nitration process. A discussion of the various types of nitrating systems leads to the conclusion that nitration is generally effected through the nitronium ion. The mechanism of the substitution is examined, and discussed in terms of reactivity for particular groups of aromatic compounds.

An Economic History of the Silk Industry, 1830–1930, first published in 1997, is an ambitious historical analysis of the development of a major commodity. Dr Federico examines the rapid growth of the world silk industry from the early nineteenth century to the eve of the Great Depression of the 1930s. Silk production grew as a result of Western industrialisation, which in turn brought about increased incomes and thus increased demand for silk products. The author documents the changes in methods of production and the technical progress that enabled the silk industry to cope with this new influx in demand. Dr Federico then discusses the significant changes in the geographical distribution of world output that accompanied this growth. In conclusion, Federico points out that silk did indeed becomes the first example of a Japanese success story on the world market, Italy and China both losing their markets due to Japan's large agricultural supply of raw material (cocoons) and its adroitnes

In this book, first published in 1983, three independent scientists examine the results of research and development into the environmental aspects of hazardous wastes management. Within a legislative framework, the limits of our scientific knowledge are carefully defined and the ways in which this knowledge is extrapolated and applied are examined. Significant areas of uncertainty are identified and the authors have not been afraid to draw attention to the fallibility of certain interpretations. Landfill science, leachate characteristics, pollutant attenuation and toxicity measurement are reviewed. Alternative technologies such as chemical treatment and incineration are compared. Risk assessment, cost implications and public acceptance are examined. It provides an objective assessment of the scientific and practical issues involved and constitutes a valuable source book for all concerned with hazardous wastes management, planning and regulatory control, pollution prevention and environ

First published in 1976, this monograph presents an exposition of some of the more important theoretical and computational techniques that have been developed for the determination and interpretation of molecular wave functions. Although a comprehensive theory of the electronic structure and bonding in molecules had been developed by 1960, only with the advent of the electronic computer in the late 1950s did it become possible to perform accurate non-empirical calculations for molecules of chemical interest; indeed, much of the subsequent evolution of the theory has occurred in parallel with the development of computing machines and techniques.

Questions about the development of the Romance future have engaged scholars since Thielmann's classic statement of 1885, yet a century later a number of the fundamental issues remain unresolved. Professor Fleischman suggests that this is in part due to the narrow sense in which the question has traditionally been formulated - as simply the history of the `future-tense' slot in the grammar - and in part the result of the investigative approach, which until recently has taken little account of important advances in general linguistics in the field of diachronic syntax. The present volume examines 'future' as a conceptual category and discusses the various strategies that have been used to map this conceptual category on to grammar in Romance. The data are taken in the main from Western Romance languages, particularly French, and frequent parallels are drawn with English. To account for the evolution of the future, Professor Fleischman proposes a network of interrelated, often cyclical de

Darwin's notebooks provide an invaluable record of his scientific thinking and most importantly, the development of his theory of natural selection. This edition of the notebooks, prepared to the highest standard of textual editing, thus affords a unified view of Darwin's professional interests. The Red Notebook, used on the voyage of H. M. S. Beagle and afterwards in England, contains Darwin's first evolutionary statements. In July of 1837, Darwin began his 'Transmutation Notebooks' (B - E) devoted to the solution of the species problem and in the third notebook of this series he first formulated the theory of natural selection. This volume also contains Notebook A and the glen Roy Notebook on geology, Notebooks M and N on man and behaviour and a notebook labelled Questions and Experiments. Fresh transcriptions have been done for all previously published manuscripts, with readings made directly from Notebooks B, C, D and E, presenting them with previously excised pages and restored to

This is a general study of the development of higher education in Europe from antiquity until the end of the Middle Ages, set against a background of the social and political history of the period. It shows how the slender traditions of ancient learning, kept alive in the monastic and cathedral schools, was enriched by an enormous influx of knowledge from the Islamic world and how in consequence the schools developed into universities. These early institutions are examined from a variety of points of view, as institutions, as places where ideas spread and as points of interaction with local and national authority. Special attention is paid to early intellectual history and to the scientific disciplines and to the everyday life of the students and their teachers. The book is intended as a broad introduction to the subject for students of the history of education, but it will also attract general readers with only a slight knowledge of the subject.

The rapid development of the theories of Volterra integral and functional equations has been strongly promoted by their applications in physics, engineering and biology. This text shows that the theory of Volterra equations exhibits a rich variety of features not present in the theory of ordinary differential equations. The book is divided into three parts. The first considers linear theory and the second deals with quasilinear equations and existence problems for nonlinear equations, giving some general asymptotic results. Part III is devoted to frequency domain methods in the study of nonlinear equations. The entire text analyses n-dimensional rather than scalar equations, giving greater generality and wider applicability and facilitating generalizations to infinite-dimensional spaces. The book is generally self-contained and assumes only a basic knowledge of analysis. The many exercises illustrate the development of the theory and its applications, making this book accessible to res

Principals can harness the power of action research for their own professional development. This book provides guidance on developing questions, collecting data, and sharing results.

Welcome to ShaderX7:Advanced Rendering Techniques, the latest volume in the cuttingedge, indispensable series for game and graphics programmers.This all-new volume is packed with a collection of insig

With contributions from experts and pioneers, this set provides readers with the tools they need to answer the need for sustainable development faced by the industry. The six volumes constitute a shif

Psychotic illness is managed and treated with best results when it is recognized at the earliest stages of a person developing the disorder, or when that person is identified as being at high risk of doing so. Describing a stage-specific model highlighting the risk, the clinical and biological factors present during the development of the illness, and the best treatments available for each of these stages, this new edition will guide practitioners and researchers in the adoption of carefully planned management strategies fully integrating treatment with prevention. Issues such as resistance to drugs and vocational recovery are covered, with related topics such as service organization and community education. This will be essential reading for all those involved in the care of people with early psychotic illness, or those responsible for the organization of services.

International environmental law has come of age, yet the global environment continues to deteriorate. The challenge of the twenty-first century is to reverse this process by ensuring that governments comply fully with their obligations, and progressively assume stricter duties to preserve the environment. This book is the first comprehensive examination of international environmental litigation. Analysing the spectrum of adjudicative bodies that are engaged in the resolution of environmental disputes, it offers a reappraisal of their relevance in contemporary contexts. The book critiques the contribution that arbitral awards and judicial decisions have made to the development of environmental law, and considers the looming challenges for international litigation. With its unique combination of scholarly analysis and practical discussion, this work is especially relevant to an era in which environmental matters are increasingly being brought before international jurisdictions, and will

Alasdair Maclean analyses the ethical basis for consent to medical treatment, providing both an extensive reconsideration of the ethical issues and a detailed examination of English law. Importantly, the analysis is given a context by situating consent at the centre of the healthcare professional-patient relationship. This allows the development of a relational model that balances the agency of the two parties with their obligations that arise from that relationship. That relational model is then used to critique the current legal regulation of consent. To conclude, Alasdair Maclean considers the future development of the law and contrasts the model of relational consent with Neil Manson and Onora O'Neill's recent proposal for a model of genuine consent.

Written for high school students and introductory college courses, this guide presents essays, terms, and source documents relating to the history and development of the US presidency. It begins with

When the first volume of this work was published in 1930, The Times welcomed the book and the project in these words: Here - almost for the first time - we have a picture of normal society in a past age in the same fullness of detail as we can picture our own age. It is the beginning of what we have never had before, a history of the English people. The first volume of John Harold Clapham's remarkable and original work begins with a comprehensive description of Britain on the eve of the Railway Age, covering topics such as the organisation of agriculture, industry and commerce. The second volume covers the period of the Great Exhibition and the development of the production of cheap mass-produced steel; the railway system continued to grow and the fortunes of canals and decline. With the third volume, Professor Clapham completes the work, bringing the story down to 1929. Particular topics dealt with include the place and development of agriculture in the industrial state; rapid changes

This handy scorecard album allows avid golfers to savor their best moments. With pockets for fifty-two scorecards and space to describe the key details of the game (players, tee time, course, weather

The theory of Government and Binding, developed by Noam Chomsky and his associates, is probably the most striking and promising development in theoretical syntax. In this book Kenneth Safir refines and extends this framework by re-examining the primitive syntactic relations - the means by which all syntactic relationships and interdependencies are defined and expressed with Universal Grammar. Dr Safir proposes the 'Unity of Indexing Hypothesis', which represents a significant constraint on two central concepts in syntactic theory: syntactic chains and the theory of indexing. Syntactic Chains ranges widely across a number of key constructions in syntactic theory, among them impersonal constructions and 'definiteness', the PRO-drop parameter, and Case Theory; and data from an impressive number of European languages are considered. Dr Safir writes lucidly and the technical exposition is always carefully structured. For readers who are unfamiliar with the latest developments in Government

Put on your jersey and step up to the bat for some fill-in-the-blanks about America's favorite pastime. With 21 stories about the game, the ballpark cuisine, the legends, and the glory, you'll be sing

In 2002 the Islamist Justice and Development Party (AKP) swept to power in Turkey. Since then it has shied away from a hard-line ideological stance in favour of a more conservative and democratic approach. In this book, M. Hakan Yavuz negotiates this ambivalence asking whether it is possible for a political party with a deeply religious ideology to liberalise and entertain democracy or whether, as he contends, radical religious groups moderate their practices and ideologies when forced to negotiate a competitive and rule-based political system. The author explores the thesis through an analysis of the rise and evolution of the AKP and its more recent 2007 election victory. The book, which tackles a number of important issues including political participation, economics and internal security, provides a masterful survey of modern Turkish and Islamic politics, which will be of interest to a broad range of readers from students to professionals and policymakers.

A fun team board book teaching young fans about the game of baseball and their favorite team. Great for fans of all generations to share with their children and grandchildren.

All societies must deal with the possibility of violence, and they do so in different ways. This book integrates the problem of violence into a larger social science and historical framework, showing how economic and political behavior are closely linked. Most societies, which we call natural states, limit violence by political manipulation of the economy to create privileged interests. These privileges limit the use of violence by powerful individuals, but doing so hinders both economic and political development. In contrast, modern societies create open access to economic and political organizations, fostering political and economic competition. The book provides a framework for understanding the two types of social orders, why open access societies are both politically and economically more developed, and how some 25 countries have made the transition between the two types.