The Viologens - Physicochemical Properties, Synthesis & Applications Of The Salts Of 4,4'-Bipyridine

The Viologens Physicochemical Properties, Synthesis and Applications of the Salts of 4,4'-Bipyridine Paul M. S. Monk Manchester Metropolitan University, UK Viologens are salts of 4,4'-bipyridine and are used in such fields as herbicides, electrochromism, solar energy conversion, molecular electronics and supramolecular chemistry. The Viologens is a comprehensive overview of the nature and physicochemical properties of the viologens and details the science behind the applications. Following a broad, discursive and self contained introduction to viologen chemistry, subsequent chapters develop the theory and present a detailed review of the most important properties and concepts in this field. A chapter on viologen synthesis is also included. This book is aimed at researchers in physical and organic chemistry, physics, materials science, biology and environmental engineering.

Introduction and Overview.

Synthesis of Viologens.

Spectroscopic Properties of Viologen Species.

The Structure of Bipyridilium Species.

The Dication: Charge-transfer Equilibria.

The Radical Cation: Dimer Formation.

The Di-Reduced Bipyridilium Species: The Comproportionation Reaction.

Adsorption of the Viologens.

Electrochemistry and Electron-transfer Reactions.

Photochemistry of the Viologens and Solar-energy Conversion.

Electron Mediation, Herbicidal Activity and Toxicity.

Electrochromism in Viologen-based Systems.

Solid-state Conductivity and use of Viologens in Molecular Electronics.

Supramolecular and Self Assembly Chemistry of the Viologens.

Indexes.