滿額折
Case Histories In Vibration Analysis And Metal Fatigue For The Practicing Engineer
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ISBN13：9781118169469
出版社：John Wiley & Sons Inc
作者：Sofronas
出版日：2012/08/28
裝訂／頁數：精裝／306頁
規格：23.5cm*16.5cm*1.9cm (高/寬/厚)
商品簡介
作者簡介
目次
商品簡介
Drawing on his many years troubleshooting and preventing failures for big corporations, Sofronas, now a consultant based in Texas, shows fellow engineers how to deal with vibration problems in the context of production that does not allow time for elegant mathematical solutions. A major principle is that excessive vibration often causes fatigue failure, and identifying fatigue-based failure can help identify sources of vibration. Among his topics are the basics of vibration, simple analytic examples, piping vibration, very low cycle vibrations and other phenomena, and a short history of vibration. Annotation c2013 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
作者簡介
ANTHONY SOFRONAS, DEng, PE, has spent the past forty-five years troubleshooting field failures and designing machinery for ExxonMobil, General Electric, and the Bendix Corporation. He is currently a consultant to industry, presenting seminars worldwide under the aegis of his company Engineered Products. Dr. Sofronas has published many technical papers and articles, including a bimonthly column for Hydrocarbon Processing dedicated to engineering case histories. He is also the author of Analytical Troubleshooting of Process Machinery and Pressure Vessels (Wiley).
目次
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Basics of Vibration
2.1 Spring-Mass Systems and Resonance
2.2 Case History: Combining Springs and Masses on a Steam Turbine Problem
2.3 Useful Questions to Ask Before Starting a Vibration Analysis
2.4 Linear Spring Constants and Area Moments of Inertia
2.5 Vibrating Flat Plates
2.6 Two Degree Tuned Vibration Absorber
2.7 Natural Frequencies of Pipes and Beams
2.8 Effect of Clearance on the Natural Frequency
2.9 Static Deflection and Pendulum Natural Frequency
2.10 Coupled Single Mass Systems
Chapter 3 Vibration Measuring Methods and Limits
3.1 Important Frequencies
3.2 Campbell Diagrams
3.3 Case History: A Systematic Procedure Can Identify the Vibration Source
3.4 Vibration Measuring Terms
3.5 Cascade Diagrams
3.6 The Shock Pulse Method
3.7 Measuring Transducers
3.8 Measurements: Timebase, Bode, and Orbit Plots
Chapter 4 Simple Analytical Examples
4.1 Determining Vibration Amplitudes
4.2 Resonant and Off Resonant Amplitudes
4.3 Case History: Transmitted Force and Isolation of a Roof Fan
4.4 Case History: Seal Failure Due to Misalignment of an Agitator Shaft
4.5 Case History: Structural Vibration
4.6 Case History Production Line Grinding Problem
4.7 Case History: Vehicle on Springs
4.8 Case History: Vibrating Cantilevered Components
4.9 Case History: The Bump Test
4.10 Case History: Vibrating Pump Mounted On Plate Deck
4.11 Case History: Misalignment Force
4.12 Case History: Vertical Pump Vibration and Bearing Survival
4.13 Case History: Cause of Mysterious Movement on a Centrifuge Deck
4.14 Case History: Engine Vibration Monitoring Device
4.15 Case History: Natural Frequency of A Mid-Support Vertical Mixer
4.16 Case History: Valve Float Analysis
Chapter 5 Problems Vibrations Cause And Sources
5.1 Fatigue Cracking
5.2 Fretting and Wear
5.3 Ball and Roller Bearing Failures
5.4 Bolt Loosening
5.5 Flow Induced Vibration
5.5.1 Case History: Stack Vibration Induced By Wind
5.6 Excessive Noise
5.7 Pressure Pulsations
5.8 Mechanical Seal Chipping And Damage
5.9 Surging of Fans and Other Vibration Causes
5.10 Vibration Due To Beats
5.11 The Slip-Stick Problem
5.12 Drive Belt Vibration
Chapter 6 Causes of Vibration and Solutions in Machinery
6.1 Rotating Imbalance
6.1.1 Case History: Motor Imbalance
6.2 Shaft Misalignment and Causes
6.3 A Problem With Measuring Vibration on Large Machines
6.4 Pump Vibration Causes
6.5 Other Motor Vibration Causes
6.6 Gearbox Vibration Causes
6.7 Types of Couplings For Alignment
Chapter 7 Piping Vibration
7.1 Types of Piping Vibration Problems
7.2 Piping Screening Charts and Allowable Limits
7.3 Case History: Water Hammer and Piping Impact
7.4 Case History: Heat Exchanger Tube Vibration
7.5 Case History: Useful Equations In Solving A Cracked Nozzle
7.6 Support and Constraint Considerations in Vibrating Services
7.7 Case History: Control Valve Trim Causing Piping Vibration
7.8 Observed Vibration And Possible Causes
7.9 Acoustical Vibration Problems
7.10 Two Phase Flow and Slug Flow
7.11 Case History: U Tube Heat Exchanger Vibration
7.12 Crack Growth In A Flat Plate
Chapter 8 Torsional Vibration
8.1 What Is Torsional Vibration
8.2 Case History: Torsional Vibration of a Motor-Generator-Blower
8.3 Case History Engine-Gearbox-Pump
8.4 Case History: Internal Combustion Engine-Gearbox - Propeller
8.5 Case History: Effect of Changing Firing Order On Crankshaft Stress
8.6 Case History: Transient Power Surge Motor-Gearbox-Compressor
8.7 Case History: Vibratory Torque On The Gear Of A Ship System
8.8 Torsional Spring Constants And Mass Moments of Inertia
8.9 Three Mass Natural Frequency Simplification
8.10 Case History: Torsional Vibration of a Drill String
8.11 Case History: The Effect of a Suddenly Applied Torsional Load
8.12 Sensitivity Analysis of a Two Mass Torsional System
8.13 Case History: Engine Natural Frequency As A Continuous Beam
8.14 Types of Torsionally Soft Couplings
8.15 Torsional Vibration Testing
8.16 Case History: Out of Synchronization Grid Closure
8.17 Operating Through A Large Torsional Amplitude
8.18 Case History: Engine Mode Shape As A Continuous Shaft
8.19 Holzer Method For Calculating Torsional and Linear Multi-Mass Systems
8:20 Experimental Determination of Mass Moment of Inertia J
Chapter 9 Turbomachinery
9.1 Unique Vibration of Turbomachinery
9.2 Lateral Vibrations of a Simplified System
9.3 Allowable Shaft Displacement Guidelines
9.4 Compressor Surge and Rotor Vibration
9.5 Rigid and Flexible Rotor Balancing
9.6 Case History: Checking The Critical Speed Of A Motor Rotor
9.7 Case History: Response of Missing Blade On Steam Turbine
9.8 Case History: Stepped Shaft Into Equivalent Diameter
9.9 Case History: A Two Diameter Rotor System
9.10 Hydrodynamic Bearing Stiffness
9.11 Rotor Dynamics of Pumps
Chapter 10 Very Low Cycle Vibrations and Other Phenomena
10.1 What Is Very Low Cycle Vibration
10.2 Vessels In High Cycle Service
10.3 Case History: Cracking Of A Rotary Dryer
10.4 Phantom Failures: Some Failures Are Very Elusive
10.5 Case History: Troubleshooting Gear Face Damage
10.6 Case History: The Thermally Bowed Shaft and Vibration
10.7 Case History: The Effect of Non Linear Stiffness
10.8 Case History: The Effect of Clearance on A Vibrating System
10.9 Case History: Fatigue Failure of a Crankshaft
10.10 Case History: Understanding Slip ? Jerk During Slow Roll
10.11 Case History: Predicting the Crack Growth on a Machine
10.12 Case History: Bolt Loosening on Counterweight Bolts
10.13 Case History: Centrifuge Vibration
10.14 Case History: Crack Growth in a Gear Tooth
10.15 Case History: Vibration of a Rotor In It’s Case
10.16 Case History: Gearbox Input Shaft Lock-Up
10.17 Case History: Troubleshooting A Roller Bearing Failure
10.18 Case History: Using Imprints To Determine Loads
10.19 Case History: Extruder Blow-Back
10.20 Case History: Vibratory and Rotational Wear
10.21 Two Mass System With Displacement Known and Unknown
10.22 Case History: Fiberglass Mixing Tank Flexing Vibration
Chapter 11 Vibration Failures
11.1 Why Do Things Fail In Vibration
11.2 Case History: Spring Failures
11.3 Case History: Spline Fretting
11.4 Case History: Sheet Metal Vibration Cracking
11.5 Case History: Bearing Brinelling and False Brinelling
11.6 Case History: Crankshaft Failure
11.7 Case History: Wear of Brush Holder
11.8 Case History: Cracking of Conveyor Structure
11.9 Case History: Failure of a Cooling Tower Blade Arm
11.10 Case History: Fatigue Failures At High Cyclic Stress Areas
11.11 Case History: Fatigue Failure of Shafts
11.12 Case History: Failure of a Steam Turbine Blade
11.13 Case History: Failure of a Reciprocating Compressors Slipper
11.14 Case History: Multiple Cause Gear Failure
11.15 Case History: Loose Bolt Failures
11.16 Case History: Piston Failure In Racing Car
11.17 Case History: Stop Holes For Cracks Don’t Always Work
11.18 Case History: Small Bearing Failure Due To Vibration
11.19 Appearance of Fatigue Fracture Surfaces
Chapter 12 Metal Fatigue
12.1 What is Metal Fatigue
12.2 Reduction of a Components Life When Subjected to Excessive Vibration
12.3 Case History: A Special Case Of Fatigue Potential, Socket Welds
12.4 The Metallurgical Examination
12.5 Taking Risks and Making High Level Presentations
Chapter 13 A Little History of Vibration
Index
Chapter 2 Basics of Vibration
2.1 Spring-Mass Systems and Resonance
2.2 Case History: Combining Springs and Masses on a Steam Turbine Problem
2.3 Useful Questions to Ask Before Starting a Vibration Analysis
2.4 Linear Spring Constants and Area Moments of Inertia
2.5 Vibrating Flat Plates
2.6 Two Degree Tuned Vibration Absorber
2.7 Natural Frequencies of Pipes and Beams
2.8 Effect of Clearance on the Natural Frequency
2.9 Static Deflection and Pendulum Natural Frequency
2.10 Coupled Single Mass Systems
Chapter 3 Vibration Measuring Methods and Limits
3.1 Important Frequencies
3.2 Campbell Diagrams
3.3 Case History: A Systematic Procedure Can Identify the Vibration Source
3.4 Vibration Measuring Terms
3.5 Cascade Diagrams
3.6 The Shock Pulse Method
3.7 Measuring Transducers
3.8 Measurements: Timebase, Bode, and Orbit Plots
Chapter 4 Simple Analytical Examples
4.1 Determining Vibration Amplitudes
4.2 Resonant and Off Resonant Amplitudes
4.3 Case History: Transmitted Force and Isolation of a Roof Fan
4.4 Case History: Seal Failure Due to Misalignment of an Agitator Shaft
4.5 Case History: Structural Vibration
4.6 Case History Production Line Grinding Problem
4.7 Case History: Vehicle on Springs
4.8 Case History: Vibrating Cantilevered Components
4.9 Case History: The Bump Test
4.10 Case History: Vibrating Pump Mounted On Plate Deck
4.11 Case History: Misalignment Force
4.12 Case History: Vertical Pump Vibration and Bearing Survival
4.13 Case History: Cause of Mysterious Movement on a Centrifuge Deck
4.14 Case History: Engine Vibration Monitoring Device
4.15 Case History: Natural Frequency of A Mid-Support Vertical Mixer
4.16 Case History: Valve Float Analysis
Chapter 5 Problems Vibrations Cause And Sources
5.1 Fatigue Cracking
5.2 Fretting and Wear
5.3 Ball and Roller Bearing Failures
5.4 Bolt Loosening
5.5 Flow Induced Vibration
5.5.1 Case History: Stack Vibration Induced By Wind
5.6 Excessive Noise
5.7 Pressure Pulsations
5.8 Mechanical Seal Chipping And Damage
5.9 Surging of Fans and Other Vibration Causes
5.10 Vibration Due To Beats
5.11 The Slip-Stick Problem
5.12 Drive Belt Vibration
Chapter 6 Causes of Vibration and Solutions in Machinery
6.1 Rotating Imbalance
6.1.1 Case History: Motor Imbalance
6.2 Shaft Misalignment and Causes
6.3 A Problem With Measuring Vibration on Large Machines
6.4 Pump Vibration Causes
6.5 Other Motor Vibration Causes
6.6 Gearbox Vibration Causes
6.7 Types of Couplings For Alignment
Chapter 7 Piping Vibration
7.1 Types of Piping Vibration Problems
7.2 Piping Screening Charts and Allowable Limits
7.3 Case History: Water Hammer and Piping Impact
7.4 Case History: Heat Exchanger Tube Vibration
7.5 Case History: Useful Equations In Solving A Cracked Nozzle
7.6 Support and Constraint Considerations in Vibrating Services
7.7 Case History: Control Valve Trim Causing Piping Vibration
7.8 Observed Vibration And Possible Causes
7.9 Acoustical Vibration Problems
7.10 Two Phase Flow and Slug Flow
7.11 Case History: U Tube Heat Exchanger Vibration
7.12 Crack Growth In A Flat Plate
Chapter 8 Torsional Vibration
8.1 What Is Torsional Vibration
8.2 Case History: Torsional Vibration of a Motor-Generator-Blower
8.3 Case History Engine-Gearbox-Pump
8.4 Case History: Internal Combustion Engine-Gearbox - Propeller
8.5 Case History: Effect of Changing Firing Order On Crankshaft Stress
8.6 Case History: Transient Power Surge Motor-Gearbox-Compressor
8.7 Case History: Vibratory Torque On The Gear Of A Ship System
8.8 Torsional Spring Constants And Mass Moments of Inertia
8.9 Three Mass Natural Frequency Simplification
8.10 Case History: Torsional Vibration of a Drill String
8.11 Case History: The Effect of a Suddenly Applied Torsional Load
8.12 Sensitivity Analysis of a Two Mass Torsional System
8.13 Case History: Engine Natural Frequency As A Continuous Beam
8.14 Types of Torsionally Soft Couplings
8.15 Torsional Vibration Testing
8.16 Case History: Out of Synchronization Grid Closure
8.17 Operating Through A Large Torsional Amplitude
8.18 Case History: Engine Mode Shape As A Continuous Shaft
8.19 Holzer Method For Calculating Torsional and Linear Multi-Mass Systems
8:20 Experimental Determination of Mass Moment of Inertia J
Chapter 9 Turbomachinery
9.1 Unique Vibration of Turbomachinery
9.2 Lateral Vibrations of a Simplified System
9.3 Allowable Shaft Displacement Guidelines
9.4 Compressor Surge and Rotor Vibration
9.5 Rigid and Flexible Rotor Balancing
9.6 Case History: Checking The Critical Speed Of A Motor Rotor
9.7 Case History: Response of Missing Blade On Steam Turbine
9.8 Case History: Stepped Shaft Into Equivalent Diameter
9.9 Case History: A Two Diameter Rotor System
9.10 Hydrodynamic Bearing Stiffness
9.11 Rotor Dynamics of Pumps
Chapter 10 Very Low Cycle Vibrations and Other Phenomena
10.1 What Is Very Low Cycle Vibration
10.2 Vessels In High Cycle Service
10.3 Case History: Cracking Of A Rotary Dryer
10.4 Phantom Failures: Some Failures Are Very Elusive
10.5 Case History: Troubleshooting Gear Face Damage
10.6 Case History: The Thermally Bowed Shaft and Vibration
10.7 Case History: The Effect of Non Linear Stiffness
10.8 Case History: The Effect of Clearance on A Vibrating System
10.9 Case History: Fatigue Failure of a Crankshaft
10.10 Case History: Understanding Slip ? Jerk During Slow Roll
10.11 Case History: Predicting the Crack Growth on a Machine
10.12 Case History: Bolt Loosening on Counterweight Bolts
10.13 Case History: Centrifuge Vibration
10.14 Case History: Crack Growth in a Gear Tooth
10.15 Case History: Vibration of a Rotor In It’s Case
10.16 Case History: Gearbox Input Shaft Lock-Up
10.17 Case History: Troubleshooting A Roller Bearing Failure
10.18 Case History: Using Imprints To Determine Loads
10.19 Case History: Extruder Blow-Back
10.20 Case History: Vibratory and Rotational Wear
10.21 Two Mass System With Displacement Known and Unknown
10.22 Case History: Fiberglass Mixing Tank Flexing Vibration
Chapter 11 Vibration Failures
11.1 Why Do Things Fail In Vibration
11.2 Case History: Spring Failures
11.3 Case History: Spline Fretting
11.4 Case History: Sheet Metal Vibration Cracking
11.5 Case History: Bearing Brinelling and False Brinelling
11.6 Case History: Crankshaft Failure
11.7 Case History: Wear of Brush Holder
11.8 Case History: Cracking of Conveyor Structure
11.9 Case History: Failure of a Cooling Tower Blade Arm
11.10 Case History: Fatigue Failures At High Cyclic Stress Areas
11.11 Case History: Fatigue Failure of Shafts
11.12 Case History: Failure of a Steam Turbine Blade
11.13 Case History: Failure of a Reciprocating Compressors Slipper
11.14 Case History: Multiple Cause Gear Failure
11.15 Case History: Loose Bolt Failures
11.16 Case History: Piston Failure In Racing Car
11.17 Case History: Stop Holes For Cracks Don’t Always Work
11.18 Case History: Small Bearing Failure Due To Vibration
11.19 Appearance of Fatigue Fracture Surfaces
Chapter 12 Metal Fatigue
12.1 What is Metal Fatigue
12.2 Reduction of a Components Life When Subjected to Excessive Vibration
12.3 Case History: A Special Case Of Fatigue Potential, Socket Welds
12.4 The Metallurgical Examination
12.5 Taking Risks and Making High Level Presentations
Chapter 13 A Little History of Vibration
Index
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