商品簡介
Extremophiles are increasingly studied for their utility in clinical biotechnology, drug development, and environmental biotechnology. The first book to focus on the biotechnological implications of these microorganisms, Extremophiles introduces researchers to advances in the field, along with production techniques and tools and criteria for data interpretation of extremolytes and extremozymes. The emphasis throughout is on therapeutic challenges and implications of various extremolytes, including the impact of FDA regulations on new products going forward. Potential commercial applications are also explored.
作者簡介
Dr. Singh is a professor at the University of Pittsburgh at Bradford and, in his sabattical time, a visiting professor at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. He volunteers his time as an online mentor for the American Society of Microbiology and in 2010 was honored as the ASM's Outstanding Online Mentor. Professor Singh serves on the boards of numerous journals and has already edited one book and written numerous peer-reviewed journal articles.
目次
Contributors
Introduction
Chapter 1 Molecular evolution of extremophiles
Debamitra Chakravorty, Ashwini Shreshtha, V.R.Sarath Babu and Sanjukta Patra
1. Introduction
2. Evolution of thermophiles
3. Evolution of psychrophiles
4. Evolution of halophiles
5. Evolution of alkaliphiles
6. Evolution of acidophiles
7. Evolution of barophiles
8. Engineering Extremophiles
9. Conclusions and recommendations
Chapter 2 Attaining extremophiles and extremolytes: methodologies and limitations
Debamitra Chakravorty and Sanjukta Patra
1. Introduction2. Extremophiles: Types and Diversity
3. Isolation and Characterization of Extremophiles
4. Extremolytes
5. Conclusion
Chapter 3 Strategies for the isolation and cultivation of halophilic microorganisms
Aharon Oren
1. Introduction
2. Thalassohaline and Athalassohaline Hypersaline Environments
3. Case Studies
4. The Upper Salinity Limits of Different Types of Energy Generation
5. Final Comments
References
Chapter 4 Halophilic properties and their manipulation and application
Tsutomu Arakawa, Hiroko Tokunaga, Matsujiro ishibashi, and Masao Tokunaga
1. Introduction
2. Industrial applications of halophilic organisms and their proteins
3. Extreme and moderate halophiles and their proteins
4. Generation of low-salt stable extreme-halophilic proteins
5. Inter-conversion of halophilic and non-halophilic proteins
6. Soluble expression of recombinant proteins
7. Natively unfolded proteins
8. Organic solvent tolerance
Chapter 5 Features and Applications of Halophilic Archaea
Abrevaya, Ximena C.
1. Introduction
Chapter 6 Biotechnological Applications of Cold-Adapted Bacteria
Laura Garcia-Descalzo, Alberto Alcazar, Fernando Baquero and
Cristina Cid
1. Introduction
2. Molecular mechanisms of adaptation to cold environments
3. Exopolysaccharides (EPSs)
4. Lipids
5. Proteins
6. Biotechnological applications of cold-adapted enzymes
7. Biodegradation and bioremediation in cold environments
8. Conclusion
Chapter 7 Ecology and Biotechnology of Extremophilic Microorganisms, Particularly Anaerobic Thermophiles
Francesco Canganella
1. Introduction
2. Thermophiles
3. Acidophiles
4. Alkaliphiles
5. Halophiles
6. Piezophiles
Chapter 8 The role of extremophilic microorganisms and their bioproducts in food processing and production
Jane A. Irwin
1. Introduction
2. Enzymes from extremophiles in food processing
3. Alkaliphiles, acidophiles and piezophiles
4. Extremophiles in food spoilage and contamination
5. Extremophiles as pathogens of food species
6. Conclusion
Chapter 9 Extremophiles and their application to biofuel research
Taylor MP, Bauer R, Mackay S, Tuffin M, Cowan DA
1. Introduction
2. Extremophiles and fuels
3. Exploiting Extremophilic Enzyme in biomass conversion to biofuel
4. Conclusion and future prospects
Chapter 10 Sustainable Role of Thermophiles in Second Generation of Ethanol Production
Anuj K. Chandel, Ellen C. Giese, Om V. Singh, Silvio Silvério da Silva
1. Introduction
2. Thermophilic cellulases for deconstruction of plant cell wall
3.1. Thermotolerant microorganisms for ethanol production
4. Future perspectives and challenges
5. Conclusion
Chapter 11 Eco-friendly aspects of application of extremophilic enzymes onto textile substrates
Bipin J Agrawal and Sandhya Mishra
1. Introduction
2. Biopolymeric fibres
3. Extremophilic enzymes and their use in textile industry
4. Utilization of extremophilic enzymes in textile wet processing
5. Finishing with extremophilic enzymes
6. Role of enzymes in textile after-care
7. Role of enzyme for effluent treatment of textiles
8. Conclusion
Chapter 12 Application of Extremophilic Microorganisms in Industrial Recovery of Metals
Carlos A. Jerez
1. Introduction
2. Biomining extremophiles and their industrial applications
3. Molecular studies in acidophilic biomining microorganisms
4. Microbial Resistance to Acid and Metals
Chapter 13 Bacterial polymers produced by extremophiles: biosynthesis, characterization and applications of exopolysaccharides
Nicolaus Barbara, Anzelmo Gianluca and Poli Annarita
1. Introduction
2. EPS produced by Extremophilic bacteria
3. Examples of proposed EPS-biosynthesis from Extremophiles
4. Physicochemical investigations for potential applications
Chapter 14 Biomedical Applications of Exopolysaccharides Produced by Microorganisms Isolated from Extreme Environments
Ignacio J. Molina, Carmen Ruiz-Ruiz, Emilia Quesada and Victoria Béjar
1. Introduction
2. Chemical composition and structure of EPSs
3. Physical properties of EPSs
4. Biological functions of EPSs
5. Exopolysaccharides deriving from extremophile organisms
6. Clinical applications of EPSs
7. Exopolysaccharides of halophilic microorganisms
8. Concluding remarks
Chapter 15 Biosynthesis of Extremolytes: Radiation resistance and Biotechnological Implications
Erin Copeland, Nicholas Choy and Om V. Singh
1. Introduction
2. Biotechnological Implications of Extremolytes
3. Fermentative Production of Extremolytes
4. Commercialization of Extremolytes and Extremozymes
5. Product Recovery
6. Conclusion
Chapter 16 Smart Therapeutics from Extremophiles: Unexplored Applications and Technological Challenges
Raj Kumar and Ajeet Singh
1. Introduction
2. Extremolytes as protein protectants
3. Extremolytes as cell protectants
4. Novel therapeutics under developmental stage
5. Homeland security and Military medicine
6. Technological Gaps in therapeutic product development using extremophiles
7. Conclusion
Index
