商品簡介
Written by a renowned professional with more than 30 years of experience in environmental sampling and analysis, this reference describes in unparalleled detail all the essential elements for the development and execution of a successful sampling plan at both contaminated and uncontaminated sites. The book covers presampling planning and decision-making, specific sampling situations, and correct sample labeling, and presents the framework and background for the sampling of any contaminated site. Presenting a wide variety of models, quality control procedures, and valuable troubleshooting methods, Field Sampling contains an abundance of topics never before covered in any other source.
目次
INTRODUCTION TO FIELD SAMPLINGAssessing the Sampling NeedsSoilWater and AirPresamplingSafetySamplingStatisticsModelingSample HandlingWhat is Present?Analytical MethodsTrapsEssential UnitsDefinitionsOther Ways of Sampling and Representing the EnvironmentGlobal Positioning System (GPS)Geographical Information Systems (GIS)ConclusionsCHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENVIRONMENTParts of the EnvironmentSoil FormationSoil TypesSoil Texture, Structure, and Bulk DensityWater Movement Over and Through SoilConclusionsQuestions ReferencesPRESAMPLINGField OfficeField Office LaboratoryThe Project NotebookMapsPreliminary Field SurveyField HistorySampling ToolsOther Soil Sampling ConsiderationsSafetySample ContainersTransportation and StorageChain of CustodyAnalytical Laboratory and ProceduresStatisticsOther Tools to ConsiderModelingPermittingResourcesConclusionsQuestionsReferencesSAFETYAreas of Safety ConcernSafety ResourcesBasic SafetySignagePersonnel ExposurePersonnel ProtectionMonitoringSafety at Different Field TypesContamination Types and ConcentrationsOff-Field ProtectionMSDS SheetsMerck IndexConclusionsQuestionsReferencesSAMPLINGGeneral Sampling ConsiderationsGlobal Positioning SystemGround-Penetrating RadarRemote SensingGeographical Information SystemsSamplersSample AmountSample ContainerDuplicate, Split, and Composite SamplesSampling StrategiesTopographyOther Sampling Strategies for Different Field SituationsSample HandlingSampling Using GPSDetermining Sample SitesQuality ControlLabelingConclusionsQuestionsReferencesSTATISTICSRandom NumbersVariationPopulationHypothesisMedian and MeanStandard DeviationDifferent of Same PopulationExtraneous ValuesHow Many Samples?Comparing AreasLinear RegressionGeostatisticsCoregionalizationGeostatistical ProblemsConclusionsQuestionsReferencesMODELINGPhysical ModelsChemical ModelsSimple Mathematical ModelsLandscape ModelsModeling Movement of Particles through the EnvironmentDynamic ModelsCommercial Computer ModelingGIS and Environmental ModelingWhole Planet ModelConclusionsQuestionsReferencesSAMPLE TREATMENT AND STORAGESecurityContainersControlsTransport in the FieldTransport BoxesTransport Out of FieldStorageArchival SamplesSeparation of Samples at the Field OfficeField Laboratory HandlingTransportation to the Commercial LaboratoryStorage at the Commercial Analytical LaboratoryChain of CustodyComputer Chain of CustodyRequest for AnalysisConclusionsQuestionsReferencesWHAT IS PRESENT?In TotalThe Inorganic ComponentsThe Organic ComponentsThe Biochemical ComponentThe Living ComponentConclusionsQuestionsReferencesAN OVERVIEW OF BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ANALYTICAL MEHTODSDetermining the Problem What is the Nature of the Sample?The Sampling ProcessWhat Is to Be Sampled and How Is It to Be SampledDocumentationSample Preparation for AnalysisAnalytical TestingAnalytical Methods - Some SpecificsData AssessmentReport Generation and DocumentationDo the Results Answer the Client's Question?Some General Questions and ConsiderationsConclusionsQuestionsReferencesTRAPS, MISTAKES, AND ERRORSHistory of the AreaArea GeologyKnowing What Is or Is Likely to Be PresentNot Accounting for Inputs, Losses, and MovementPersonnelAnalyzing of Sampling for the Wrong ComponentAntagomisms and InterferencesSample Analysis MismatchExtraction or Method ErrorsSample/Test Container ErrorsImproper Sampling TechniquesVariations in MethodMovement of a ContaminantStatistical ErrorsConclusionsQuestionsReferencesAppendix A: Abbreviations and AcronymsAppendix B: SourcesIndex
