JENDAYI E. FRAZER is a Distinguished Public Service Professor and Director of the Center for International Policy and Innovation (CIPI) at Carnegie Mellon University, which co-organized the Conference on Preventing Electoral Violence in Africa. She is also an Adjunct Senior Fellow for Africa Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations. Dr. Frazer has served in government as the Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for African Affairs at the National Security Council, US Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs, and US Ambassador to South Africa. E. GYIMAH-BOADI is the Executive Director of the Ghana Center for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana), a think tank focusing on good governance in Africa, which co-organized the Conference on Preventing Electoral Violence in Africa. He is also the Executive Director of the Afrobarometer and a Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Ghana, Legon. Dr. Gyimah-Boadi has served as a consultant on Ghanaian and African democratization and economic reform with the World Bank, the UNDP, USAID, the African Development Bank and the Global Coalition for Africa.