商品簡介
Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is a method for predicting the potential (sometimes unintended) effects of a policy or program on the health of a population. HIA evolved from the awareness that many policies which have no explicit health goals nonetheless impact the health of the community. For example, research has demonstrated a linkage between the characteristics of the built environment and health. The built environment (land use patterns, transportation systems, urban design) represents the collective outcome of public and private projects, policies, and other activities and it affects where and how people live, travel, work, shop, and interact with each other. It influences everything from traffic to agriculture, job opportunities to crime rates, air quality to cultural norms, and their daily impact on human health. Communities contend with many different types of health threats, such as emerging epidemics of obesity, diabetes, and other chronic diseases; infectious diseases; environmental pollution; and mental illness. The purpose of HIA is to translate public health data into relevant information for decision-makers, and to promote a collaborative and cross-sectoral approach to health promotion and disease prevention. This book explains the basic framework of HIA, describes the history of HIA in the US and look for comparisons in the international arena. Finally, it will compile a guide to best practices, preferred resources, and comprehensive theoretical and operational framework for current and potential practitioners. Includes domestic and international case studies.?
