This book introduces ‘peace figuration’ as a concept offers a critique of and constructs a new framework for analysing peacebuilding practices in a long-term perspective.
The analytical framework of peace figuration provides a critical disentanglement of peacebuilding process by exploring 1) metaphysics of peacebuilding mediated through intentions, 2) performativity of peacebuilding mediated through events, 3) and normative and analytical validity of peacebuilding mediated through the consequences and outcomes that emerge. The linkage between intentions, events, and consequences is crucial as it captures the profound figuration of peace. The examination of consequences requires a situational and a sustainable critique, thus tracing back key intentions and events that have triggered various consequences.
The first aspect of peace figuration is to scrutinise intentionality behind peacebuilding endeavours. Behind each action there is a dose of intentionality, which represents the starting point of a peacebuilding cycle and is influenced by previous knowledge, experiences, and events. The second aspect of peace figuration relates to peacebuilding events. In peacebuilding practices, events are considered those important moments around which the implementation of peace process takes place. The third and most important aspect of peace figuration is a critical disentanglement of peacebuilding consequences. Peacebuilding consequences refer here to the various types of consequences, which are either directly caused by international peacebuilding actions, or indirectly caused when international peacebuilders did not take preventative action. To ensure that this new framework is empirically grounded as an analytically viable approach, three post-conflict cases, which have experienced protracted international peacebuilding, are examined in detail: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and Timor-Leste. The evidence from these three case studies shows that liberal peacebuilding is unfit for purpose, while critical local agency has also impeded peace formation. Current peacebuilding practices are characterised by a mismatch between good intentions and bad consequences. The figuration of peace in these three cases has been different from what was intended and expected, the scope of local agency was more important (often in a devious fashion) than recognized by mainstream research, and the spectrum of consequences had a profound influence on shaping peace. Seen from a figurational point of view, most of the peacebuilding processes were shaped by events that were not intended, anticipated, or prevented by liberal peace forces.
This book will be of much interest to students of statebuilding, peacebuilding, war and conflict studies, security studiesd and IR.
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