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Investigating expressions of modality in Kazakh, Abish focuses solely on Kazakh as it is spoken in China, not in order to claim Chinese Kazakh as a distinct dialect, but because that is where he has learned and studied the language. However, the documentation he presents shows that certain special innovative developments have taken place and can be explained by the sociolinguistic status of the speakers, many of whom are bilingual or trilingual and are influenced by the two dominating contact languages, Chinese and Uyghur. He takes an empirical, data-oriented approach, analyzing modal expressions in a functional framework essentially based on the work of Lars Johanson, who developed an integrated model for describing modal expressions in Turkic languages. Annotation ©2017 Ringgold, Inc., Portland, OR (protoview.com)
