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Andrew把脈中國英語教育和學習,以詼諧幽默的語言深刻地剖析了癥狀背后的原因,同時基于他的教學經驗和學習漢語的經驗,他建設性地開出了良方。學習英語,不是死記硬背,首要的是要培養英語思維習慣,唯有如此,才能流暢熟練地使用英語。
書摘/試閱
第一章 中式英語
Chapter One: The Dynamics of “Chinglish”
以我為鑒
中文(普通話)是我的第二語言,因此我在成都生活了幾個月之后,就聽得懂四川話了。四川話與普通話,發音相近,語調卻大不通。學說四川話,著實花了我很多時間。主要是因為,在說每個字之前,我都要在心里反復醞釀,才能找準語調。一開始的時候真的很糾結,每要開口,必先將普通話與四川話之間的語調轉換規則在腦子里過上一遍。這一糾結可就是七年啊!于我而言,知道這些規則,有好處也有壞處。好處是,我可以利用這些規則,先將普通話的語調轉換成四川話的語調,再用我所知道的普通話詞匯來講四川話。說它不好是因為,每說一個字我都要動用這些規則進行加工,久而久之便產生了依賴。結果就是,在很長一段時期里,我講四川話來總是磕磕巴巴的。現在想想,壞處還要大些。
An Analogy
As Mandarin is my second language, it took me a few months to understand Sichuan dialect while living in Chengdu. The pronunciations are mostly the same between Mandarin and Sichuan dialect but the tones are different. It took me longer to learn to speak it, though. That was because I depended a lot on my mind to process the proper tones in pronouncing the words in Sichuan dialect. Initially, it was a big struggle as my mind worked on the rules in changing the tones from Mandarin to Sichuan dialect for more than seven years! Actually, knowing these rules was both a blessing and a curse. As a blessing, it taught me how to switch the tones of the Mandarin words into Sichuan tones so that I could use existing vocabulary of my Mandarin in speaking the dialect. It was a curse because I had to process the changes a word at a time in my mind and I became dependent on these mental processes. Consequently, for a long time, I could not speak Sichuan dialect fluently. In retrospect, it was more of a curse than a blessing.
剛開始那幾年,每回講四川話至多不過三五句,后來有一天,我跟一位男士談業務,整整一個下午嘴巴不停地說。我根本來不及進行語調轉換,只能張口就來,一切全憑感覺(純用方言思考,不再依賴普通話)。有了那次經歷,再講四川話可就流利多了。當然,個別地方我做得還不夠好,想是說得還不夠多吧。要是還沿著以前的老路走,怕是到了今天我也還是說不好,就算勉強講得來,想必也是干巴巴的,索然無味,搞不好還會淪為“啞巴四川話”,連嘴巴都張不開。以我為鑒,大家或許可以得到一些啟示,說到底,中國人想學好英文口語,一定要習慣英語思維,一味用中文思考是行不通的。
Previously, I never had to speak Sichuan dialect for more than five sentences in one encounter. Till one day, I had to discuss with a gentleman on a business matter throughout an afternoon in Sichuan dialect. I was forced to stop doing the mental processing and started to speak from familiarity of the pronunciation (thinking in Sichuan dialect and no longer dependent on Mandarin), my spoken Sichuan dialect became more fluent (albeit some tonal inaccuracies still persist due to infrequent use). Had I continued to depend on processing Mandarin to Sichuan tones in my mind, I would never have been able to speak it fluently. Whereas the result at best was rather tedious and jerky, at worst it was “Mute Sichuan Dialect” (啞巴四川話). This is the closest analogy I can come up with for Chinese learners trying to speak English by thinking in Chinese instead of in English.
我來中國沒多久就聽說了“啞巴英語”,然后是“中式英語”(Chinglish)。這讓我想到了新加坡人講的“新式英語”(Singlish)。新加坡人喜歡講英語,新式英語自然也有很多人講,可講歸講,筆下卻不常見。中式英文就不同了。本來中國人就很少開口講英語,因而講中式英語的就更少。講的人不多,寫的人卻不少——學生在作文里寫,就連企業高管發郵件也照寫不誤。
……
Chapter One: The Dynamics of “Chinglish”
以我為鑒
中文(普通話)是我的第二語言,因此我在成都生活了幾個月之后,就聽得懂四川話了。四川話與普通話,發音相近,語調卻大不通。學說四川話,著實花了我很多時間。主要是因為,在說每個字之前,我都要在心里反復醞釀,才能找準語調。一開始的時候真的很糾結,每要開口,必先將普通話與四川話之間的語調轉換規則在腦子里過上一遍。這一糾結可就是七年啊!于我而言,知道這些規則,有好處也有壞處。好處是,我可以利用這些規則,先將普通話的語調轉換成四川話的語調,再用我所知道的普通話詞匯來講四川話。說它不好是因為,每說一個字我都要動用這些規則進行加工,久而久之便產生了依賴。結果就是,在很長一段時期里,我講四川話來總是磕磕巴巴的。現在想想,壞處還要大些。
An Analogy
As Mandarin is my second language, it took me a few months to understand Sichuan dialect while living in Chengdu. The pronunciations are mostly the same between Mandarin and Sichuan dialect but the tones are different. It took me longer to learn to speak it, though. That was because I depended a lot on my mind to process the proper tones in pronouncing the words in Sichuan dialect. Initially, it was a big struggle as my mind worked on the rules in changing the tones from Mandarin to Sichuan dialect for more than seven years! Actually, knowing these rules was both a blessing and a curse. As a blessing, it taught me how to switch the tones of the Mandarin words into Sichuan tones so that I could use existing vocabulary of my Mandarin in speaking the dialect. It was a curse because I had to process the changes a word at a time in my mind and I became dependent on these mental processes. Consequently, for a long time, I could not speak Sichuan dialect fluently. In retrospect, it was more of a curse than a blessing.
剛開始那幾年,每回講四川話至多不過三五句,后來有一天,我跟一位男士談業務,整整一個下午嘴巴不停地說。我根本來不及進行語調轉換,只能張口就來,一切全憑感覺(純用方言思考,不再依賴普通話)。有了那次經歷,再講四川話可就流利多了。當然,個別地方我做得還不夠好,想是說得還不夠多吧。要是還沿著以前的老路走,怕是到了今天我也還是說不好,就算勉強講得來,想必也是干巴巴的,索然無味,搞不好還會淪為“啞巴四川話”,連嘴巴都張不開。以我為鑒,大家或許可以得到一些啟示,說到底,中國人想學好英文口語,一定要習慣英語思維,一味用中文思考是行不通的。
Previously, I never had to speak Sichuan dialect for more than five sentences in one encounter. Till one day, I had to discuss with a gentleman on a business matter throughout an afternoon in Sichuan dialect. I was forced to stop doing the mental processing and started to speak from familiarity of the pronunciation (thinking in Sichuan dialect and no longer dependent on Mandarin), my spoken Sichuan dialect became more fluent (albeit some tonal inaccuracies still persist due to infrequent use). Had I continued to depend on processing Mandarin to Sichuan tones in my mind, I would never have been able to speak it fluently. Whereas the result at best was rather tedious and jerky, at worst it was “Mute Sichuan Dialect” (啞巴四川話). This is the closest analogy I can come up with for Chinese learners trying to speak English by thinking in Chinese instead of in English.
我來中國沒多久就聽說了“啞巴英語”,然后是“中式英語”(Chinglish)。這讓我想到了新加坡人講的“新式英語”(Singlish)。新加坡人喜歡講英語,新式英語自然也有很多人講,可講歸講,筆下卻不常見。中式英文就不同了。本來中國人就很少開口講英語,因而講中式英語的就更少。講的人不多,寫的人卻不少——學生在作文里寫,就連企業高管發郵件也照寫不誤。
……
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