Dental Fear and Anxiety in Pediatric Patients ─ Practical Strategies to Help Children Cope

This book is a comprehensive guide to pediatric dental fear/anxiety (DFA) and phobia that will provide practitioners with a full understanding of the etiology, prevalence, assessment, and management of these conditions. The coping styles of children when under stress are explored, with discussion of their relevance to the assessment visit and treatment allocation. Practical treatment techniques are comprehensively covered, from non-pharmacological behavioral strategies relevant for children with no or mild DFA to those approaches more appropriate for children with severe DFA/phobia. The importance of the use of language and communication skills to build rapport and allay anxiety is explored. Relaxation and hypnosis techniques are described, with guidance on how to introduce these to patients and their parents/carers. Techniques that help children cope when receiving injections are detailed, including systematic needle desensitization

; these provide practitioners with options to help resolve DFA and phobia regarding needles. Intravenous sedation, including the challenge of cannulation, is covered comprehensively. Furthermore, cognitive behavioral therapy is presented, with suggestion of practical self-help material when appropriate. The closing chapter looks to the future, discussing the barriers to and the changes required for the creation of more child-centered DFA services.

Caroline M. Campbell, BDS, MSc, MFDS RCPSG, M Paed Dent (Ed), FDS Paed Dent (Glas), is a Consultant in Paediatric Dentistry with a Role in Undergraduate Training at the Greater Glasgow and Clyde NHS Trust and Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer at the University of Glasgow, UK. She is an External Adviser in Paediatric Dentistry to the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges and Faculties in Scotland, Representative for Royal College Physicians and Surgeons Glasgow on specialist training committee for Paediatric Dentistry and chairperson of the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry – West of Scotland Branch. Within her department, she has been responsible for a variety of initiatives. These include instigation of use of the child dental anxiety assessment tool Faces Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale (f MCDAS), improvement of the referral pathway and patient management, introduction of a needle desensitization and relaxation technique, and establishment of a database for children attending sedation that has enabled her to evidence anxiety reduction for inhalation sedation, hypnosis, and relaxation techniques. She continues to undertake research, having received two research prizes and given talks on her activities at international, national, and local levels during the past 3 years. She is the author of a number of papers in peer-reviewed journals. In addition, she has extensive under- and postgraduate teaching experience.