Economic Security in a Changing World

Discussions of different aspects of economic security, such as supply chain resilience, energy security and cybersecurity, have intensified in recent years. They tend to take place in distinct fora, yet they are closely intertwined. To shed light on these interlinkages and foster synergies between different expert communities, the OECD organised a workshop on Economic Aspects of National Security in February 2024, as part of the New Approaches to Economic Challenges (NAEC) work programme. This report aims to extend the discussion and provide further insights into the main topics addressed during the workshop. It builds on the expertise across the OECD Secretariat and the International Energy Agency. It discusses specific aspects of economic security in the context of heightened geopolitical tensions, high interconnectedness spurred by globalisation, and green and digital transitions. By focusing on these emerging issues, the report seeks to provide insights that facilitate informed policymaking and strategic responses to ensure economic stability and resilience in an ever-changing world.