Labor

A Mother for America tells the remarkable story of how Philadelphia Quaker Betsy Ross, unknown beyond her family until 1870, became one of the most famous women in US history, despite sustained scholarly skepticism about her role in making the first American flag. Charles Hardy III traces the transformation of family memory into historical "fact" by her grandson in 1870 and shows how artists, teachers, marketers, reformers, and politicians repeatedly refashioned Betsy Ross to promote competing visions of patriotism, gender roles, citizenship, and national identity--and to sell goods and make money. A parallel narrative follows the controversial transformation of a small colonial Philadelphia rowhouse from a beer saloon into a patriotic shrine, tourist destination, and then as the nation's first historic house museum, The Betsy Ross House, devoted to women's labor during the era of the American Revolution. From schoolrooms and civic pageants to world fairs, war-bond drives, thirteen-sta

Drawing on diverse sources, this book offers a view of ancient Rome as seen by its people that reveals the lasting legacy of its ordinary men and women.The Romans loom large in the imagination, credited with roads, aqueducts, politics, plumbing, and empire--yet these familiar achievements tell only part of the story. The Romans: A People's History turns away from generals and emperors to focus instead on the millions of ordinary men and women whose voices rarely made it into history. Drawing on inscriptions, literature, household objects, mosaics, and myth, it reveals how plebian lives shaped the culture that still surrounds us: from food and labor to beliefs, entertainment, violence, and political resistance. Not shying away from contentious subjects--misogyny, slavery, racism, and the enjoyment of brutal spectacle--Paul Chrystal offers a rich, human-centered account of Roman civilization seen from the ground up, suggesting that what ordinary Romans endured and achieved still echoes i

Macroeconomics offers a modern and comprehensive introduction to the tools and methods that define contemporary graduate training in the field. Written for first-year PhD students and advanced MA/MS students, the book provides a rigorous yet accessible foundation in dynamic optimization, recursive methods, competitive equilibrium, stochastic modelling, and welfare analysis. It emphasizes clarity and intuition, guiding readers through the logic of intertemporal decision-making that underlies modern macro theory. A key feature of the text is its explicit connection to data. Throughout the book, theory is used to interpret empirical patterns, illustrating how macroeconomic models help us understand real-world behavior and policy-relevant facts. Quantitative and computational tools are integrated throughout to show how models are taken to the data. The book develops frameworks with heterogeneity and frictions, including incomplete markets, borrowing constraints, labor-market search frictio