Computer-Aided Nonlinear Control System Design

There is a growing need for a more automated system of partitioning data sets into groups, or clusters. For example, digital libraries and the World Wide Web continue to grow exponentially, the ability to find useful information increasingly depends on the indexing infrastructure or search engine. Clustering techniques can be used to discover natural groups in data sets and to identify abstract structures that might reside there, without having any background knowledge of the characteristics of the data. Clustering has been used in a variety of areas, including computer vision, VLSI design, data mining, bio-informatics (gene expression analysis), and information retrieval, to name just a few. This book focuses on a few of the most important clustering algorithms, providing a detailed account of these major models in an information retrieval context. The beginning chapters introduce the classic algorithms in detail, while the later chapters describe clustering through divergences and sh

Developments in sensor and processor sophistication have created a need for effective estimation and control algorithms for hybrid, nonlinear systems. This book presents an effective, flexible family of estimation algorithms that can be used in estimating or controlling a variety of nonlinear plants. Several applications are studied, including tracking a manoeuvring aircraft, automatic target recognition, and the decoding of signals transmitted across a wireless communications link. The authors begin by setting out the necessary theoretical background and then develop a practical, finite-dimensional approximation to an optimal estimator. Throughout the book, they illustrate theoretical results by simulation of control and estimation in real-world hybrid systems, drawn from a variety of engineering fields. The book will be of great interest to graduate students and researchers in electrical and computer engineering. It will also be a useful reference for practising engineers involved in

Formal specification is a method for precisely modelling computer-based systems that combines concepts from software engineering and mathematical logic. In this book the authors describe algebraic and state-based specification techniques from the unified view of the Common Object-oriented Language for Design, COLD, a wide-spectrum language in the tradition of VDM and Z. The kernel language is explained in detail, with many examples, including: set representation, a display device, an INGRES-like database system, and a line editor. Fundamental techniques such as initial algebra semantics, loose semantics, partial functions, hiding, sharing, predicate and dynamic logic, abstraction functions, representation of invariants and black-box correctness are also presented. More advanced ideas, for example Horn logic, and large systems are given in the final part. Appendices contain full details of the language's syntax and a specification library. Techniques for software development and design

Automatic control systems have become essential features in virtually every area of technology, from machine tools to aerospace vehicles. This book is a comprehensive, clearly written introduction to automatic control engineering. The author begins with the fundamentals of modelling mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical systems in the state variable format. The emphasis is on classical feedback control theory and design, and their application to practical electromechanical and aerospace problems. Following a careful grounding in classical control theory, the author introduces modern control theory, including digital control and nonlinear system analysis. Over 230 problems help the reader apply principles discussed in the text to practical engineering situations. Engineering students and practising engineers will find all they need to know about control system analysis and design in this valuable text.

This book provides a brief but thorough account of the basic principles of good pump design. The first three chapters present the basic hydraulic equations, including cavitation, and discuss the principles that underlie the correct performance of the impeller and casing of centrifugal pumps and the blading of axial machines. The fourth chapter outlines analytical methods for flow calculations, including special techniques used in computer aided design. The following two chapters work through two examples: the impeller and casing of a simple volute type centrifugal pump; and an axial flow pump impeller. Shafts, bearings, seals and drives are discussed in a separate chapter. The last two chapters deal with design for difficult fluids, and codes and practices.

Thermal systems are essential features in power, chemical processing, air conditioning, and other industries where heat and power are used. As the cost and complexity of designing thermal systems have increased, the need to understand and improve the design process has also grown. This book describes recent progress in the design of thermal systems. The book begins with a brief history and outline of developments in thermal system design. Chapters then discuss computer design tools for the power and chemical industries, predicting physical properties with computational tools, the use of 'pinch analysis' to improve thermal efficiency, applications of the exergy concept, the emerging concept of thermoeconomics, and the potential for artificial intelligence and expert systems in the design of thermal systems. With chapters written by internationally recognised authorities, the book offers a state-of-the-art review for both researchers and practitioners in mechanical, aerospace, chemical,

How the cerebellum accomplishes its highly complex feats of coordination has been the subject of much inquiry; one of the pre-eminent theories places adaptive control at the forefront. This book reinforces the view that the cerebellum functions as an adaptive control system; that is, it automatically adjusts its output as needed for such eventualities as temporary or lasting weakness of muscle. It is the first text to synthesize the substantial body of literature on the subject, combining the neuroscience of the cerebellum with the science of control theory common to electrical and computer engineers. Organized in four parts, the book examines cerebellar anatomy and physiology; cerebellar function; models and theories; and ends with a summary and conclusions. The author's clinical perspective offers a broader view of cerebellar function beyond the basic neuroscience. An appendix demonstrates evidence supporting the adaptive control model from a detailed comparison of the cerebellum wit

Focusing on the manipulation and representation of geometrical objects, this book explores the application of geometry to computer graphics and computer-aided design (CAD). Over 300 exercises are incl

Today’s control system designers face an ever-increasing “need for speed? and accuracy in their system measurements and computations. New design approaches using microcontrollers and DSP are emerging,

Implement proven design techniques for control systems without having to master any advanced mathematics. Using an effective step-by-step approach, this book presents a number of control system design

Despite the extraordinary advances in digital and communication technology over recent years, we know very little about the way these complex systems affect everyday work and interaction. This book seeks to explore these issues through a series of video-based field studies. It begins by discussing the introduction of basic information systems in general medical practice and ends with an exploration of interpersonal communication in advanced media spaces; in the process also looking at news production, the control room of London Underground and computer aided design in architectural practice. Social interaction forms a particular focus of these studies as they explore the way individuals use various tools and technologies and coordinate their actions and activities with each other. The authors also show how video-based field studies of work and interaction can inform the design, development and deployment of new technology, in this valuable new resource for academics, researchers and pr

This new edition of Professor Sethian's successful text provides an introduction to level set methods and fast marching methods, which are powerful numerical techniques for analyzing and computing interface motion in a host of settings. They rely on a fundamental shift in how one views moving boundaries; rethinking the natural geometric Lagrangian perspective and exchanging it for an Eulerian, initial value partial differential equation perspective. For this edition, the collection of applications provided in the text has been expanded, including examples from physics, chemistry, fluid mechanics, combustion, image processing, material science, fabrication of microelectronic components, computer vision, computer-aided design, and optimal control theory. This book will be a useful resource for mathematicians, applied scientists, practising engineers, computer graphic artists, and anyone interested in the evolution of boundaries and interfaces.

This book brings together contributions from researchers within various social science disciplines who seek to redefine the methods and topics that constitute the study of work. They investigate work activity in ways that do not reduce it to a 'psychology' of individual cognition nor to a 'sociology' of societal structures and communication. A key theme in the material is the relationship between theory and practice. This is not an abstract problem of interest merely to social scientists. Rather, it is discussed as an issue that working people address when they attempt to understand a task and communicate its demands. Mindful practices and communicative interaction are examined as situated issues at work in the reproduction of communities of practice in a variety of settings including: courts of law, computer software design, the piloting of airliners, the coordination of air traffic control, and traffic management in underground railway systems.

Computational techniques have become indispensable tools in solving complex problems in transport phenomena. This book, first published in 1997, provides a clear, user-oriented introduction to the subject. Each self-contained chapter includes a detailed worked example and a discussion of the problem system equations. Also included are the numerical methods used; computer code for the solution of the problem system equations; discussion of the numerical solution with emphasis on physical interpretation; and when appropriate, a comparison of the numerical solution with an analytical solution or a discussion of how the numerical solution goes beyond what can be done analytically, especially for nonlinear problems. Intended for students and a broad range of scientists and engineers, the book includes computer code written in transportable Fortran so that readers can produce the numerical solutions and then extend them to other cases. The programs are also available on the author's web site

The Art and Science of Optical Design is a comprehensive introduction to lens design, covering the fundamental physical principles and key engineering issues. Several practical examples of modern computer-aided lens design are worked out in detail from start to finish. The basic theory and results of optics are presented early on in the book, along with a discussion of optical materials. Aberrations, and their correction, and image analysis are then covered in great detail. Subsequent chapters deal with design optimisation and tolerance analysis. Several design examples are then given, beginning with basic lens design forms, and progressing to advanced systems, such as gradient index and diffractive optical components. In covering all aspects of optical design, including the use of modern lens design software, this book will be invaluable to students of optical engineering as well as to anyone engaged in optical design at any stage.

Until recently B-spline curves and surfaces (NURBS) were principally of interest to the computer aided design community, where they have become the standard for curve and surface description. Today we

The primary object of this manual is to build an understanding of the principles of computer operations and the use of computers in the laboratory. While the development of applications for computers has been rapid since their introduction, the principles of computer operation and their use in sensing and control have remained stable. Those are the primary subjects of this book, throughout which a gradual understanding of what goes on inside a computer is developed. The laboratory provides a vital experience in linking theory with physical reality, and all of the computer work is done in the context of doing experiments. The IBM-PC design is used as the basis for the book. The internal design of this machine is slightly more complicated than earlier personal computers, but it is still simple enough to be quickly learned. The computer can be directly controlled by proper programming, and offers considerably more power than earlier designs. The IBM design also has expansion slots which m

This book is concerned with techniques for formal theorem-proving, with particular reference to Cambridge LCF (Logic for Computable Functions). Cambridge LCF is a computer program for reasoning about computation. It combines the methods of mathematical logic with domain theory, the basis of the denotational approach to specifying the meaning of program statements. Cambridge LCF is based on an earlier theorem-proving system, Edinburgh LCF, which introduced a design that gives the user flexibility to use and extend the system. A goal of this book is to explain the design, which has been adopted in several other systems. The book consists of two parts. Part I outlines the mathematical preliminaries, elementary logic and domain theory, and explains them at an intuitive level, giving reference to more advanced reading; Part II provides sufficient detail to serve as a reference manual for Cambridge LCF. It will also be a useful guide for implementors of other programs based on the LCF approa

This book is a self-contained introduction to the theory of atomic motion in proteins and nucleic acids. An understanding of such motion is essential because it plays a crucially important role in biological activity. The authors, both of whom are well known for their work in this field, describe in detail the major theoretical methods that are likely to be useful in the computer-aided design of drugs, enzymes and other molecules. A variety of theoretical and experimental studies is described and these are critically analyzed to provide a comprehensive picture of dynamic aspects of biomolecular structure and function. The book will be of interest to graduate students and research workers in structural biochemistry (X-ray diffraction and NMR), theoretical chemistry (liquids and polymers), biophysics, enzymology, molecular biology, pharmaceutical chemistry, genetic engineering and biotechnology.

The designer of a software system, like the architect of a building, needs to be aware of the construction techniques available and to choose the ones that are the most appropriate. This book provides the implementer of software systems with a guide to 25 different techniques for the complete development processes, from system definition through design and into production. The techniques are described against a common background of the traditional development path, its activities and deliverable items. In addition the concepts of metrics and indicators are introduced as tools for both technical and managerial monitoring and control of progress and quality. The book is intended to widen the mental toolkit of system developers and their managers, and will also introduce students of computer science to the practical side of software development. With its wide-ranging treatment of the techniques available and the practical guidance it offers, it will prove an important and valuable work.

With the increasing application of software in systems, especially safety- or even life-critical systems, it is no longer sufficient for the software developer to rely solely on testing the code produced. Testing must begin with the specification of requirements, continue on the design and finally on the implemented system. This book gives guidance on how testing can be carried out at each of the stages of software development. It does this by looking at the development process from four viewpoints: that of the intended user of the system, of its designers, of its programmers, and of the manager responsible for development. The product of each stage of development is individually examined to see how it can be checked for correctness and consistency with earlier specifications. References are given to techniques available to the software developer and there are many helpful checklists. The contributors are all members of the British Computer Society's Working Group on Testing, and betwe

This book is a national planning textbook for vocational education during the 14th Five Year Plan period, and also a textbook for vocational education in Liaoning Province during the 14th Five Year Plan period. This book consists of 7 projects, including the basic knowledge of 51 series single-chip microcomputer (AT89S51), the use and circuit simulation of single-chip microcomputer compilation software, the production of circular colored lights controlled by single-chip microcomputer, the design and production of a simple serial digital display and stopwatch, the application of timing/counterdesign of traffic signal lights control system, the application of single-chip microcomputer interrupt control, and the application of single-chip microcomputer serial port-dual computer communication of single-chip microcomputer.This book can serve as a textbook for equipment manufacturing, electronic information and other related majors in higher vocational education, as well as a reference for e

為促進中國城市軌道交通建設，實現城市軌道交通互聯互通的需要，中國城市軌道交通協會組織編寫了城市軌道交通基於通信的列車運行控制系統（CBTC）互聯互通系統規範、接口規範、工程規範、測試規範系列團體標準。本書的內容包括範圍、規範性引用文件、術語與縮略語、總則、基本技術要求等。隨著境外城軌建設項目的增多，為配合城軌技術走出去，城軌協會組織相關編制單位對17種CBTC中文技術標準進行翻譯，以供國外城軌項目建設者參考使用。

為促進中國城市軌道交通建設，實現城市軌道交通互聯互通的需要，中國城市軌道交通協會組織編寫了城市軌道交通基於通信的列車運行控制系統（CBTC）互聯互通系統規範、接口規範、工程規範、測試規範系列團體標準。本書的內容包括範圍、規範性引用文件、術語與縮略語、總則、基本技術要求等。隨著境外城軌建設項目的增多，為配合城軌技術走出去，城軌協會組織相關編制單位對17種CBTC中文技術標準進行翻譯，以供國外城軌項目建設者參考使用。

Rhino 是電腦輔助工業設計（Computer Aided Industrial Design，簡稱 CAID）類型軟體的佼佼者，具有低成本、易學習的優勢，其多樣化的強大功能，是無論入門 / 進階 / 高階者都適用的建模軟體。以 Rhino 完成建模後，可作為提案、各種分析使用，亦可將之製造出成品，或與各類型軟體做對接、相互協同作業，應用廣泛，是 CP 值相當高的軟體。 筆者了解初學者的學習痛點，因此以觀念出發，再切入到指令的用法，以觀念為基礎，針對每個指令的用法，甚至每個選項加以詳盡解說，並搭配筆者的使用心得，全書內容無論就廣度還是深度而言，都是市面上同類書籍中罕見的佳作。 1. 重要細節說明詳盡 市面上唯一詳盡說明 Rhino 特性、介面設定、操作方法、建模觀念與各種重要細節，並詳盡說明每個指令的用法。 2. 獨家特殊設定 為讓初學者在短時間內習慣並上手，筆者特別研究了讓 Rhino 易上手、建模邏輯更清晰、外觀顯示更加清楚的設定方法；進階者也可從書中獲得額外的收穫。 3. 注重觀念的解說 只有觀念清楚了，去熟悉每個指令的用法才有意義，再依此堅實的觀念基礎活用各個指令，靈活設計出理想中的模型，做出高曲面品質的作品。 4. 3D 列印實務 本書亦特別針對 3D 列印（積層製造）的觀念進行解說，引導初學者學習可實際列印出來的建模設計方法。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ √ 觀念詳析：依據堅實的觀念基礎熟悉指令，靈活設計出理想、高品質的模型。 √ 實戰經驗：臺灣作者實戰經驗分享，有別於一般編譯書籍，排除學習痛點、內容完備。 √ 應用廣泛：除涵蓋工業設計、汽機車設計、造船設計、建築設計、室內設計、產品設計、文具設計、家具設計、生活用品…等有大量的運用之外，其甚至能與電腦動畫、多媒體…等搭配運用。

Mechatronics, as the integrating framework of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer technology, control engineering and automation forms a crucial part in the design, manufacture an

The book focuses on the introduction of the basic concepts, processes, and tools used in Lean Six Sigma. A unique feature is the detailed discussion on Design for Six Sigma aided by computer modeling

This book reviews the Software Development and Engineering Principles involved in the Design of Embedded Computer Systems.A LAMP (Linux Apache MySQL PHP) design for a Web-Based Home Control / Security

It takes more than raw talent and passion to make it in today's global apparel and accessories markets-excellent computer-aided design skills are a prerequisite. CAD for Fashion Design and Merchandis

Acclaimed by IEEE Control Systems Magazine as "a welcome addition" to books in the field, this self-contained treatment is appropriate for courses in nonlinear system analysis. Geared toward advanced

Computer aided design (CAD) is the rendering of architectural drawings using the computer, which today plays a central role in almost all architectural firms. This volume explains the principles and f

A comprehensive examination of computer-aided architectural design and its potential effect on architectural design practice; for practitioners, educators, students, and researchers. Computer-aided