英國在1620—1720年金融革命期間發展起來的現代信用體系,為英國在18世紀政治、軍事和經濟上的統治地位奠定了基礎,並促成了第一次工業革命。然而,這種新的信用體系伴也帶來了嚴重的災難。它不僅不穩定,容易發生意外事故,而且依賴於信任、公眾輿論,最終不得不採取暴力來維護。 本書作者重建了孕育金融革命的思想背景,追溯了關於信用的理論闡述是如何演變的,並對光榮革命、科學革命、英格蘭銀行的成立等問題做出了回應,引導我們了解同時代的英國人如何看待信用的不穩定性,以及暴力——戰爭、奴役和死刑——在維護信用方面的作用。 作者:卡爾·文納林德(Carl Wennerlind),哥倫比亞大學歷史學教授,研究領域集中在思想史與政治經濟學,對貨幣與信用觀念的發展歷史尤其有興趣,另著有《一位哲學家兼經濟學家:休謨和資本主義的崛起》(A Philosopher鈥檚 Economist: Hume and the Rise of Capitalism)、《稀缺:從資本主義起源到氣候危機的歷史》(Scarcity: A History from the Origins of Capitalism to the Climate Crisis)等書。 譯者:周宇,北京大學歷史系畢業,曾留學英國倫敦大學學院,曾任中央電視台英語頻道和《環球時報》記者。
本書從元宇宙的起源和現實應用場景出發,基於元宇宙的“BIGCHINA”技術框架,為讀者依次揭開元宇宙背後八大硬科技—區塊鏈(Blockchain)技術、交互(Interactivity)技術、通信技術(Communication Technology,5G、6G)、雲和邊緣計算(Cloud and Edge Computing)技術、高性能計算和量子計算(High-Performance Computing and Quantum Computing)技術、物聯網和機器人(IoT and Robotics)技術、網絡(Network)技術、人工智能(Artificial Intelligence)技術的神秘面紗。本書將上述八大支撐技術與元宇宙中的諸多實際和潛在應用相結合,生動地繪製出一幅元宇宙的“技術圖譜”,為想要瞭解元宇宙及其背後核心技術的讀者提供有趣的科普閱讀體驗。此外,本書在一定程度上突破了從單一技術視域分析元宇宙的局限,對讀者瞭解當前元宇宙技術整體發展現狀和未來趨勢有一定的借鑒意義。
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