On the Evolution of Source Code and Software Defects

A number of research groups around the world have begun to study how the brain acquires and processes language, but we still know comparatively little about it. Many such groups work on very specific, often narrow, problems. This approach is certainly necessary, but a broad perspective can be helpful, if not essential, too. This volume consists of an important collection of papers presented at the Seminar on Language, Evolution, and the Brain (SLEB), hosted by the International Institute for Advanced Studies in Kyoto, Japan, bringing together distinguished researchers with background in cognitive science, anthropology, linguistics, robotics, physics, etc. Major topics discussed here include: Creoles and pidgins, and their implications regarding language evolution. Quantitative analysis and modeling of various aspects of language evolution, including the evolution of lexical items and color terms, the emergence of linguistics categories, and the dynamics of language competition. The ev

Proposal and design : -- to build orbit debris collector and re-launch into deep space after collection at place as Earth introduction to universe, think why flying saucer are all the same shape. Universal energy with us always. Can we have more safety from earthquake? Including Summary story edition Call for deep discussion by email: David_OK_2013@yahoo.com Charles Darwin is a clever human same as us. We have all organs he has. He thought out a lot of things so as many great people. Probably some of us from this world also can think out something important. This is the reason why everyone on this world can dig in for more understanding and bring for discussion. This book came to start as a fiction or introduction for reading and public introduction.The only difference from other books is:-This book is short but everything is like brief summary written to leader information - a quickest way to know the important story in briefing, and can ask afterwards. Besides, smart people c

This volume explores the management of conflicts arising from the siting of unwanted projects in the Asia-Pacific, a region inadequately explored by the relevant literature. The work includes studies on a variety of locations, including Hong Kong, Japan, Mainland China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Singapore, and others. Contributions are drawn from several leading scholars intimately familiar with the locations under study, and employ theoretical, comparative, and policy-based approaches to analysis of environmental conflict, risk management, and public participation. The editors also provide introductory and concluding sections in which the siting issues under discussion are summarized and contextualized. The result is a collection that serves as an invaluable aid and source of information for policymakers, environmentalists, and scholars of the Asia-Pacific and elsewhere.

Throughout the long-term evolution of global capital markets, stock markets, and crypto-asset markets have historically operated as two parallel systems: the former is built upon over a century of institutional accumulation and vast institutional networks, while the latter has thrived within the technological framework of blockchain. Today, with the ongoing implementation and application of new models—such as the tokenization of real world assets (RWAs), stablecoins, crypto-asset ETFs, and digital asset treasury (DAT) companies—the convergence of securities and crypto is emerging as the most disruptive transformation trajectory in capital markets. Traditional securities are stepping into the on-chain world, while native crypto-assets are making their way into the mainstream financial arena through compliant pathways. Capital markets are witnessing a historic convergence characterized by "mutual convergence."  This book presents a comprehensive overview of the convergence of securities

Prof. William S-Y. Wang, an eminent linguist, has made significant contributions to the field regarding lexical diffusion, experimental phonetic studies, language simulation and modeling, and aging and language. To celebrate his 90th birthday, colleagues and friends worldwide have contributed over 30 articles to a two-volume Festschrift. The English volume includes topics such as Chinese language evolution, the relationship between language and music, and the brain processes involved in language production. This Festschrift is written by and for experienced language researchers and is also suitable for students of Chinese linguistics and those interested in Chinese culture, history, and neurology.

The First Estates shows the impact on Hong Kong’s urban history of Fairview Park and Hong Lok Yuen, the earliest examples of private estates provided in the New Territories of Hong Kong. Completed in the 1970s and 1980s, both are examples of land development projects built as low-density, American-style suburban house living, the first true alternative to the typical high-rise urban living of Hong Kong. In this book, Roger Nissim traces their evolution—from retreats for urban dwellers to family residences—that followed the expansion of Hong Kong’s public transportation system. The book draws heavily on the original documents that are reproduced in the book. These unearthed documents detail land acquisition process and the negotiations with the government, financiers, local villagers, contractors, and new residents. Read together, this collection of key primary sources—concerning government approvals, site selection, planning and implementation, layout plan, and sales policy—provide the

China’s remarkable journey from poverty to becoming the world’s second-largest economic power is marked by extraordinary urban growth and consumption capacity of its urban population. Central to this development fervor are multifunctional commercial complexes and shopping malls, now key features of modern urban districts. The concept of shopping malls, originally introduced to China by American architects in the 1980s, has since flourished on an even larger scale than their American counterparts. This book delves into the origins of shopping mall development in the United States after World War II, tracing how American architects exported this building type into China’s rapidly evolving urban landscapes, particularly in Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu, Kunming, and Guangzhou. Using primary sources, statistical analyses, and illustrated case studies, the book explores the evolution of shopping malls as a consequence of China’s profound economic, social, and cultural change over the past fou

Travels and Revelations: 23 Essays by Zhang Chengzhi is about cultures which the author knows intimately. With sophisticated sensibility, he describes the tangible cultures of Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang in recent decades – the landscapes and cityscapes, the roads and waterways, the rural and urban dwellings, the working and living habits, and the outstanding symbols and totems. Like a traveller pausing before stunning scenery – the Mongolian grasslands, the yellow-earth plateaus, the Yellow River’s mighty gorges – he reflects on the intangible cultures that have made the Han, the Hui, the Mongolian and the Uyghur peoples who they are, and contemplates on their language usages, socio-political dilemmas, philosophical traditions, beliefs and biases and their religious aspirations. These essays show how deeply Zhang Chengzhi understands modern China’s painful evolution through war and revolution and how deeply he is attached to his Hui–Muslim roots. They also

In this ground-breaking, posthumous study, the late Lo Jung-pang discusses the geographic, political, and commercial factors that led to the emergence of seapower and a navy under the Ming. While Zheng He and his seven expeditions have received some scholarly attention, few understand the long history of maritime engagement which provided the nautical and technical background for these voyages. The evolution of this maritime engagement and its extension into the Indian Ocean is the focus of Lo’s still-timely and highly significant work. In addition to detailing the rise of the Ming navy and its extraordinary accomplishments, Lo also examines some of the factors that led to the end of China’s first great maritime era: Why did China suddenly seem to turn away from the seas? Were the military defeats in Annam and on the northern borders significant in this? Or were financial pressures key? Empire in the Western Ocean represents the most comprehensive and insightful English-language trea

More Than 1001 Days and Nights of Hong Kong Internment is the wartime journal of Sir Chaloner Grenville Alabaster, former attorney-general of Hong Kong and one of the three highest-ranking British officials during the Japanese occupation. He was imprisoned by the Japanese at the Stanley Internment Camp from 1941 to 1945. During his internment, he managed to keep a diary of his life in the camp in small notebooks and hid them until his release in 1945. He then wrote his wartime journal on the basis of these notes. The journal records his day-to-day experiences of the fall of Hong Kong, his time at Stanley, and his eventual release. Some of the most fascinating extracts cover the three months immediately after the fall of Hong Kong and when Alabaster and his colleagues were imprisoned in Prince’s Building in Central and before they were sent to the camp, a period little covered in previous publications. Hence, the book is an important primary source for understanding the daily operation

The origins of modern Daoism can be traced to the Church of the Heavenly Master (Tianshidao), reputedly established by the formidable Zhang Daoling. In 142 CE, according to Daoist tradition, Zhang was visited by the Lord on High, who named him his vicar on Earth with the title Heavenly Master. The dispensation articulated an eschatological vision of saving initiates—the pure, those destined to become immortals— by enforcing a strict moral code. Under evolving forms, Tianshidao has remained central to Chinese society, and Daoist priests have upheld their spiritual allegiance to Zhang, their now divinized founder. This book tells the story of the longue durée evolution of the Heavenly Master leadership and institution. Later hagiography credits Zhang Daoling’s great-grandson, putatively the fourth Heavenly Master, with settling the family at Longhushan (Dragon and Tiger Mountain); in time his descendants—down to the present contested sixty-fifth Heavenly Master living in Taiwan— made th

邁向大師之路 “我生命中最最要的書之一。” —OBIE FERNANDEZ,《The Rails Way》作者 “20年前，第一版的《The Pragmatic Programmer》完全改變了我的職業軌跡。這個新版本會對您產生一樣的效用。” —MIKE COHN,《Succeeding with Agile》《Agile Estimating and Planning》《User Stories Applied》等書籍作者 “...書中充滿了實用的建議，有技術的，也有專業的，這些建議將在未來幾年提升您和您的專案。” —ANDREA GOULET, CEO, Corgibytes; Founder, LegacyCode.Rocks “...神來兩筆是有可能的，這本書就是明證。” —VM (VICKY) BRASSEUR, Director of Open Source Strategy, Juniper Networks 《The Pragmatic Programmer》是少數隨著歲月增長值得一讀再讀的經典書籍，無論您是新手還是實戰豐富的從業者，每次閱讀這本書，您都會得到新的領悟。 Dave Thomas和Andy Hunt於1999年撰寫了這本深具影響力的書，目的是為了幫他們的客戶建立更好的軟體，以及重新發現寫程式的樂趣。這些經驗幫助了一整世代的程式設計師檢視軟體開發的本質，不受限於任何特定語言、framework和方法論，其中的實用主義哲學催生了幾百本書、視訊教學、有聲讀物以及數千個職涯與成功故事。 二十年後的現今，本書再次檢視現代程式設計師的真義。主題範圍從個人責任與職涯探索，到能保持程式碼彈性與易於使用重用的架構技術。 閱讀本書，你將會學到： ‧對抗「軟體凋零」(software rot) ‧持續學習 ‧避免重複知識的陷阱 ‧寫出有彈性、動態和適應力強的程式碼 ‧善用基本工具的威力 ‧避免靠巧合寫程式 ‧學習什麼是真正的需求 ‧防範安全漏洞 ‧解決並行程式碼真正的問題 ‧建立由務實程式設計師組成的團隊 ‧你的工作成果與職涯責任 ‧進行嚴格、有效的測試，包括以屬性為基礎的測試 ‧實作實用的新手工具集 ‧取悅您的使用者 本書以一系列各自獨立的章節寫成，書中充滿了經驗和新奇的軼事、深思熟慮的例子和有趣的類比，這本書展示了軟體開發不同

The Silk Manuscripts from Zidanku, Changsha (Hunan), are the only pre-Imperial Chinese manuscripts on silk found to-date. Dating to the turn from the 4th to the 3rd centuries BC (Late Warring States period), they contain several texts concerning basic cosmological concepts, including one manuscript (Manuscript 1) with a diagrammatic arrangement and surrounded by pictorial illustrations. As such, they constitute a unique source of information complementing and going beyond what is known from transmitted texts. This is the first in a two-volume monograph on the Zidanku manuscripts, reflecting almost four decades of research by Professor Li Ling of Peking University. While the philological study and translation of the manuscript texts is the subject of Volume Two, this first volume presents the archaeological context and history of transmission of the physical manuscripts. It records how they were taken from their original place of interment in the 1940s and taken to the United States in

The Assassin tells the story of a swordswoman who refrains from killing. Hou Hsiao-hsien astonishes his audience once again by upsetting almost every convention of the wuxia (martial arts) genre in the film. This collection offers eleven readings, each as original and thought-provoking as the film itself, beginning with one given by the director himself. Contributors analyze the elliptical way of storytelling, Hou’s adaptation of the source text (a tale from the Tang dynasty, also included in this volume), the film’s appropriation of traditional Chinese visual aesthetics, as well as the concept of xia (knight-errant) that is embedded in Confucian, Daoist, and Buddhist worldviews. There are also discussions of the much-celebrated sonic design of The Assassin: the nearly exclusive use of a diegetic film score is a statement on the director’s belief in cinematic reality. Underlying all the chapters is a focus on how Hou reinvents Tang-dynasty China in contemporary culture. The meticulous

Based on rare first-hand historical data, Wang Ke presents the analysis of the East Turkestan from the perspective of Islamic social structure, the origin and evolution of thoughts on national revolution, the power structure of the Republic, and international politics. The original Japanese edition of this book has been recognized as the most authoritative research work on the independence movement of East Turkestan. This revised, enriched English edition provides valuable references for the prominent issues of Xinjiang today. ~~~~~~~ “For those intrigued by the modern history of China’s Xinjiang region, this detailed study of the 1940s invites the reader to explore a tempestuous decade marked by conflict and turmoil as Uyghurs, Kazakhs and other ethnic groups sought to form an independent state, the East Turkestan Republic. Understanding the complex involvement of powerful outside forces, a brutal world war, and an opportunity for groups that saw a chance at independence requires ca

Drawing on extensive historical studies of the lives and works of distinctive yet understudied sinologists in the Czech Republic, Mongolia, Poland, and Russia, this volume takes readers on a journey of exploration and rediscovery of post-communist sinology—an important topic that we know surprisingly little about. After the end of the Cold War, the China Studies research agenda in these four countries has evolved divergently without any apparent shared orientation, despite the previously shared socialist and Communist legacies. Contributors draw on case studies to illustrate how sinologists in these countries actively use diverse approaches to map China’s modern evolution and deconstruct stereotypical notions of China’s rise in the twenty-first century. These hallmark studies also reveal sinologists’ deep engagement with the Chinese humanities. The conclusions in this volume have major implications for the evolution of intellectual history and its analysis, by emphasizing the importanc

In this handy book, Icy Lee and Paul Sze openly share their stories as nonnative English speaking educators in TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages). This collection of teachers’ stories provides a source of inspiration for both native and nonnative speaking professionals in the field, encouraging them to re-examine key issues in the profession and to reflect on their own practice critically. "Voices from the Frontline: Narratives of Nonnative English Speaking Teachers is a must-read for anyone in TESOL as it brings power through stories to inspire teachers, native or nonnative alike, to reflect, recharge and re-imagine what they do by confronting challenges with problem solving tactics, and devoting themselves to the profession with enthusiasm and passion." —Jun Liu, Georgia State University " 'Nativeness' is no magic bullet for effective and successful language teaching. Icy Lee and Paul Sze's exhilarating accounts of their learning trajectories and teaching exper

"Arthur's depth and breadth of knowledge on growing food plants are beyond compare, both theoretically and practically. His love of plants in general, and growing vegetables in particular, is clearly evident in the quality and variety of vegetables he grows in his own garden. He is also an excellent teacher, who gives clear and detailed explanations for everything he demonstrates, both in person and in his inspiring books. Arthur’s hard earned experience is an invaluable source of information and he constantly researches and experiments to enhance understanding of growing food plants. This second edition of Growing Your Own Food in Hong Kong expands on the rich content of his first book on the subject. Whether you are a novice, experienced gardener or armchair student, it is an invaluable source of wisdom used together with the first edition or as a new arrival in your reference library."──Vivien Wallis, Long time Hong Kong gardener, Past Vice Chair, The Hong Kong Gardening Society 「他在

《淮南子韻讀及校勘》是劉殿爵先生晚年的力作，繼清儒王念孫《淮南子韻譜》之後，此書是最精確的韻讀研究。校勘部分兼採諸家異說，提出獨到的見解，尤其精采。今後此書必將成為討論西漢楚語的堅實基礎，同時更是了解漢初思想史的重要依據。――丁邦新，中央研究院院士 D. C. Lau was, at the time of his passing in 2010, one of the world’s greatest scholars of classical Chinese philosophy. Long renowned for his translations of the Laozi, the Analects and the Mencius, and the Founding Editor for the CHANT series of critical texts and concordances, Lau was also a devotee of the Huainanzi. But during his long scholarly career he was only able to publish one article of textual notes in 1968 and the translation of the first chapter of the HNZ with Roger Ames, Yuan Dao: Tracing Dao to Its Source. This publication of his meticulous notes on the rhymes and textual criticism of the HNZ represents a heretofore unknown gift of Professor Lau’s profound scholarship to the world of Chinese Studies.―Harold D. Roth, Professor of Chinese Religious Studies, Brown University In what is indeed a highly technical study, Professor D. C. Lau wields

Given the rapid pace at which the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and other Asian economies are growing and the global volatility that these societies are experiencing, social capital and its diverse connectivities can furnish useful anchoring to communities, neighbourhoods, local governments and social protection networks. This volume in twelve chapters provides a critical analysis of social capital, its indigenous evolution and spread in HKSAR. Some of the experiments and activities narrated in these chapters indicate the ingenious blending of the local ethos and culture with modern organisational forms and information networks. Policy makers, development practitioners, researchers of civil society organisations and welfare agencies will find this book a helpful reference source. The book will also appeal as a text or supplementary reading in management, public administration, governance, and development economics courses dealing with social capital and social enterprise.

Evolution of language has evolved at multiple levels—from changes in the cognitive processes by which language is acquired in the individual, to language change by diffusion of acquired linguistic features across populations of individuals, to the emergence of linguistic features over phylogenetic time scales. Evolution of language at each of these levels interacts with that at each other level. This volume is a collection of essays by noted researchers from diverse fields that deals with a broad spectrum of issues in the study of language evolution. The principle topics addressed here include: the genetic and cognitive bases for the phylogenetic emergence of language; several distinct accounts of the underlying cognitive processes by which children learn to acquire language; a critique of the methods employed by historical linguists in the last century; the modeling of language evolution using mathematical and computational techniques; discussions on the complexity of language.

This work is the result of a co-operation between a social anthropologist and a social historian and is focused on the social evolution of Southern China. Based on a longitudinal fieldwork study in the Pearl River Delta, which is the heartland of the Cantonese-speaking world, the book explores how the ordinary people and their society evolved in a period of time characterized by drastic change. The study reports on how history supplies people with a repository for the future and accounts for how their march towards modernity is, at the same time, a reconstruction of a tradition.