Principles of Computer Hardware

Communications technologies increasingly pervade our everyday lives, yet the underlying principles are a mystery to most. Even among engineers and technicians, understanding of this complex subject re

Understanding the main principles and algorithms underlying a modern operating system is essential in undergraduate computer science. The complexity of this subject, however, means that mastering it

The principles of signal processing are fundamental to the operation of many everyday devices. This book introduces the basic theory of digital signal processing, with emphasis on real-world applications. Sampling, quantization, the Fourier transform, filters, Bayesian methods and numerical considerations are covered, then developed to illustrate how they are used in audio, image, and video processing and compression, and in communications. The book concludes with methods for the efficient implementation of algorithms in hardware and software. Intuitive arguments rather than mathematical ones are used wherever possible, and links between various signal processing techniques are stressed. The advantages and disadvantages of different approaches are presented in the context of real-world examples, enabling the reader to choose the best solution to a given problem. With over 200 illustrations and over 130 exercises (including solutions), this book will appeal to practitioners working in s

Bringing together the results of more than 300 new design studies, an understanding of people, knowledge of hardware and software capabilities, and the author's practical experience gained from 45 yea

Distributed systems are fast becoming the norm in computer science. Formal mathematical models and theories of distributed behaviour are needed in order to understand them. This book proposes a distributed pi-calculus called Dpi, for describing the behaviour of mobile agents in a distributed world. It is based on an existing formal language, the pi-calculus, to which it adds a network layer and a primitive migration construct. A mathematical theory of the behaviour of these distributed systems is developed, in which the presence of types plays a major role. It is also shown how in principle this theory can be used to develop verification techniques for guaranteeing the behavior of distributed agents. The text is accessible to computer scientists with a minimal background in discrete mathematics. It contains an elementary account of the pi-calculus, and the associated theory of bisimulations. It also develops the type theory required by Dpi from first principles.

This book was first published in 2007, a time of enormous change in the field of optical spectrometry. Although the basic optical principles remained unchanged, the design considerations were very different and, in many cases, more demanding. Developments in computer ray-tracing and computer-aided design coped with the extra impositions and allowed the construction of a new generation of spectrographs. The book covers the general principles of spectrographic design at the time, and the practical and engineering aspects of a broad range of spectrographs and spectrometers. The book deals with materials and methods of construction and includes suggestions for the choice of optical table, the design of slit mechanisms, and adjustable mirror, grating and lens mounts, with suggestions for the alignment and calibration of the finished instrument.

A major revision of the international bestseller on game programming!Graphics hardware has evolved enormously in the last decade. Hardware can now be directly controlled through techniques such as sha

The increasing popularity of wireless networks makes interference and cross-talk between multiple systems inevitable. This book describes techniques for quantifying this, and the effects on the performance of wireless networks operating in the unlicensed bands. It also presents a variety of system-level solutions, obviating the need for new hardware implementations. The book starts with basic concepts and wireless protocols before moving on to interference performance evaluation, interference modeling, coexistence solutions, and concluding with common misconceptions and pitfalls. The theory is illustrated by reference to real-world systems such as Bluetooth and WiFi. With a number of case studies and many illustrations, this book will be of interest to graduate students in electrical engineering and computer science, to practitioners designing new WLAN and WPAN systems or developing new techniques for interference supression, and to general users of merging wireless technologies.

How can you make the best use of patient data to improve health outcomes? More and more information about patients’ health is stored on increasingly interconnected computer systems. But is it shared i

Cryptography plays a crucial role in many aspects of today's world, from internet banking and ecommerce to email and web-based business processes. Understanding the principles on which it is based is an important topic that requires a knowledge of both computational complexity and a range of topics in pure mathematics. This book provides that knowledge, combining an informal style with rigorous proofs of the key results to give an accessible introduction. It comes with plenty of examples and exercises (many with hints and solutions), and is based on a highly successful course developed and taught over many years to undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics and computer science.

Argues that while the success of open source code has generated many sophisticated developments in computer technology and subverted many assumptions of economic principles, its use is guided by stand

This book provides a brief but thorough account of the basic principles of good pump design. The first three chapters present the basic hydraulic equations, including cavitation, and discuss the principles that underlie the correct performance of the impeller and casing of centrifugal pumps and the blading of axial machines. The fourth chapter outlines analytical methods for flow calculations, including special techniques used in computer aided design. The following two chapters work through two examples: the impeller and casing of a simple volute type centrifugal pump; and an axial flow pump impeller. Shafts, bearings, seals and drives are discussed in a separate chapter. The last two chapters deal with design for difficult fluids, and codes and practices.

Virtual Reconstruction serves as an introduction to the principles of three-dimensional visualization techniques as they relate to fossil reconstruction and reverse engineering. It covers data acquisi

David Norton re-edited the King James Bible for Cambridge, and this 2005 book arose from his intensive work on that project. Here he shows how the text of the most important Bible in the English language was made, and how, for better and for worse, it changed in the hands of printers and editors until, in 1769, it became the text we know today. Using evidence as diverse as the manuscript work of the original translators, and the results of extensive computer collation of electronically held texts, Norton has produced a scholarly edition of the King James Bible for the new century that will restore the authority of the 1611 translation. This book describes this fascinating background, explains Norton's editorial principles and provides substantial lists and tables of variant readings. It will be indispensable to scholars of the English Bible, literature, and publishing history.

A companion to the Insight Toolkit An introduction to the theory of modern medical image processing, including the analysis of data from - X-ray computer tomography, - magnetic resonance imaging, - nu

This introductory text offers a clear exposition of the algorithmic principles driving advances in bioinformatics. Accessible to students in both biology and computer science, it strikes a unique bala

This book discusses recent research in the theoretical foundations of several subjects of importance for the design of hardware, and for computer science in general. The physical technologies of very large scale integration (VLSI) are having major effects on the electronic industry. The potential diversity and complexity of digital systems have begun a revolution in the technologies of digital design, involving the application of concepts and methods to do with algorithms and programming. In return, the problems of VLSI design have led to new subjects becoming of importance in computer science. Topics covered in this volume include: models of VLSI complexity; complexity theory; systolic algorithm design; specification theory; verification theory; design by stepwise refinement and transformations. A thorough literature survey with an exhaustive bibliography is also included. The book has grown from a workshop held at the Centre for Theoretical Computer Science at Leeds University and or

Quantum mechanics is one of the most fundamental yet difficult subjects in physics. Nonrelativistic quantum theory is presented here in a clear and systematic fashion, integrating Born's probabilistic interpretation with Schrödinger dynamics. Basic quantum principles are illustrated with simple examples requiring no mathematics beyond linear algebra and elementary probability theory. The quantum measurement process is consistently analyzed using fundamental quantum principles without referring to measurement. These same principles are used to resolve several of the paradoxes that have long perplexed physicists, including the double slit and Schrödinger's cat. The consistent histories formalism used here was first introduced by the author, and extended by M. Gell-Mann, J. Hartle and R. Omnès. Essential for researchers yet accessible to advanced undergraduate students in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and computer science, this book is supplementary to standard textbooks. It will also

An entertaining introduction to programming for novice computer users teaches the fundamental principles of programming using JavaScript, covering such topics and techniques as Looping, Functions, Arr

Desktop computer artists will find a wealth of information in this heavily illustrated book. It instructs in the principles, practice, and techniques of successful animation. The author covers all fo

Uniting dozens of seemingly disparate results from different fields, this book combines concepts from mathematics and computer science to present the first integrated treatment of sequences generated by 'finite automata'. The authors apply the theory to the study of automatic sequences and their generalizations, such as Sturmian words and k-regular sequences. And further, they provide applications to number theory (particularly to formal power series and transcendence in finite characteristic), physics, computer graphics, and music. Starting from first principles wherever feasible, basic results from combinatorics on words, numeration systems, and models of computation are discussed. Thus this book is suitable for graduate students or advanced undergraduates, as well as for mature researchers wishing to know more about this fascinating subject. Results are presented from first principles wherever feasible, and the book is supplemented by a collection of 460 exercises, 85 open problems,

A central aim and ever-lasting dream of computer science is to put the development of hardware and software systems on a mathematical basis which is both firm and practical. Such a scientific foundati

Covering all aspects of engineering for practitioners who design, write, or test computer programs, this updated edition explores all the issues and principles of software design and engineering. With

Haptic human-computer interaction is interaction between a human computer user and the computer user interface based on the powerful human sense of touch. Haptic hardware has been discussed and exploi

This book introduces upper-level undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers to the latest developments in network economics, one of the fastest-growing fields in all industrial organization. Network industries include the Internet, e-mail, telephony, computer hardware and software, music and video players, and service operations in the banking, legal, and airlines industries among many others. The work offers an overview of the subject matter as well as investigations about specific industries. It conveys the essential features of how strategic interactions between firms are affected by network activity, as well as covering social interaction and its influence on consumers' choices of products and services. Virtually no calculus is used in the text, and each chapter ends with a series of exercises and selected references. The text may be used for both one- and two-semester courses.

This book introduces upper-level undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers to the latest developments in network economics, one of the fastest-growing fields in all industrial organization. Network industries include the Internet, e-mail, telephony, computer hardware and software, music and video players, and service operations in the banking, legal, and airlines industries among many others. The work offers an overview of the subject matter as well as investigations about specific industries. It conveys the essential features of how strategic interactions between firms are affected by network activity, as well as covering social interaction and its influence on consumers' choices of products and services. Virtually no calculus is used in the text, and each chapter ends with a series of exercises and selected references. The text may be used for both one- and two-semester courses.

The Physics of Information Technology explores the familiar devices that we use to collect, transform, transmit, and interact with electronic information. Many such devices operate surprisingly close to very many fundamental physical limits. Understanding how such devices work, and how they can (and cannot) be improved, requires deep insight into the character of physical law as well as engineering practice. The book starts with an introduction to units, forces, and the probabilistic foundations of noise and signalling, then progresses through the electromagnetics of wired and wireless communications, and the quantum mechanics of electronic, optical, and magnetic materials, to discussions of mechanisms for computation, storage, sensing, and display. This self-contained volume will help both physical scientists and computer scientists see beyond the conventional division between hardware and software to understand the implications of physical theory for information manipulation.

Semiotics, the science of signs, has long been recognised as an important discipline for understanding information and communications. Moreover it has found wide application in other areas of computer science, as it offers an effective insight into organisations and the computer systems that support them. An organisation may be viewed as a system of information and communication in which human actors, with the assistance of information technology, are able to process, represent, store and consume information. Computer systems that fit into an organisation and that support and enhance its performance and competitiveness, can be better delivered if semiotic principles are understood and applied. In this book, first published in 2000, semiotic methods are introduced and illustrated through three major case studies, which demonstrate how information systems can be developed to meet business requirements and support business objectives. It will appeal to academics, systems developers and an

The VHDL Reference: The essential guide for students and professionals working in computer hardware design and synthesis.The definitive guide to VHDL, this book combines a comprehensive reference of t

The authors (professors of computer science and technology at the U. of Bologna, Italy) describe design techniques for data warehousing for database designers, companies, and institutions interested i

This book teaches the architectures, design principles, and troubleshooting techniques of a LAN, imparted via the presentation of a broad scope of data and computer communication standards, real-world

A truly modern treatment of materials that can hold a magnetic field.* Covers cutting-edge materials with many important technical applications.* Includes examples and problems along with computer sol

Quantum Heterostructures provides a detailed description of the key physical and engineering principles of quantum semiconductor heterostructures. Blending important concepts from physics, materials science, and electrical engineering, it also explains clearly the behaviour and operating features of modern microelectronic and optoelectronic devices. The authors begin by outlining the trends that have driven development in this field, most importantly the need for high-performance devices in computer, information, and communications technologies. They then describe the basics of quantum nanoelectronics, including various transport mechanisms. In the latter part of the book, they cover novel microelectronic devices, and optical devices based on quantum heterostructures. The book contains many homework problems and is suitable as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate courses in electrical engineering, physics, or materials science. It will also be of great interest to those involved i

This book is a comprehensive guide to the International Phonetic Alphabet, whose aim is to provide a universally agreed system of notation for the sounds of languages, and which has been widely used for over a century. The Handbook presents the basics of phonetic analysis so that the principles underlying the Alphabet can be readily understood, and gives examples of the use of each of the phonetic symbols. The application of the Alphabet is then demonstrated in nearly 30 'Illustrations' - concise analyses of the sound systems of a range of languages, each of them accompanied by a phonetic transcription of a passage of speech. The Handbook also includes the 'Extensions' to the Alphabet, covering speech sounds beyond the sound-systems of languages, and a listing of the internationally agreed computer codings for phonetic symbols. It is an essential reference work for all those involved in the analysis of speech.

This book is a comprehensive guide to the International Phonetic Alphabet, whose aim is to provide a universally agreed system of notation for the sounds of languages, and which has been widely used for over a century. The Handbook presents the basics of phonetic analysis so that the principles underlying the Alphabet can be readily understood, and gives examples of the use of each of the phonetic symbols. The application of the Alphabet is then demonstrated in nearly 30 'Illustrations' - concise analyses of the sound systems of a range of languages, each of them accompanied by a phonetic transcription of a passage of speech. The Handbook also includes the 'Extensions' to the Alphabet, covering speech sounds beyond the sound-systems of languages, and a listing of the internationally agreed computer codings for phonetic symbols. It is an essential reference work for all those involved in the analysis of speech.

An introduction to linkage analysis with emphasis on methodology rather than computer programs. The first chapter presents basic genetic principles in a simple and intuitive manner. Crossing over is i

The use of neural networks in signal processing is becoming increasingly widespread, with applications in many areas. Applied Neural Networks for Signal Processing is the first book to provide a comprehensive introduction to this broad field. It begins by covering the basic principles and models of neural networks in signal processing. The authors then discuss a number of powerful algorithms and architectures for a range of important problems, and describe practical implementation procedures. A key feature of the book is that many carefully designed simulation examples are included to help guide the reader in the development of systems for new applications. The book will be an invaluable reference for scientists and engineers working in communications, control or any other field related to signal processing. It can also be used as a textbook for graduate courses in electrical engineering and computer science.

This book, first published in 1997, is for amateur astronomers and telescope users who want to move beyond elementary stargazing to more challenging projects. Written by an accomplished amateur astronomer, this indispensable guide to more advanced work is packed with information and lucid explanations. The first section of the book sets out the fundamental principles of practical astronomy, with chapters on telescope optics, the atmosphere, telescope hardware, astrophotography and electronic imaging. This knowledge is then applied to the full range of celestial bodies accessible by telescope: the solar system, stars and galaxies. For those users who want to move to even greater challenges, chapters on photometry, spectroscopy and radio astronomy bring observational astronomy to a level where data of real scientific value can be acquired.

This book, first published in 1997, is for amateur astronomers and telescope users who want to move beyond elementary stargazing to more challenging projects. Written by an accomplished amateur astronomer, this indispensable guide to more advanced work is packed with information and lucid explanations. The first section of the book sets out the fundamental principles of practical astronomy, with chapters on telescope optics, the atmosphere, telescope hardware, astrophotography and electronic imaging. This knowledge is then applied to the full range of celestial bodies accessible by telescope: the solar system, stars and galaxies. For those users who want to move to even greater challenges, chapters on photometry, spectroscopy and radio astronomy bring observational astronomy to a level where data of real scientific value can be acquired.

This new and exciting interactive resource centers around fourteen high quality computer simulations covering essential topics in solid state physics. The simulations cover x-ray diffraction, phonons, electron states and dynamics, semiconductors, magnetism, and dislocations. Users can vary different characteristics and immediately see the results in animations and graphical displays. The companion book is essential for effective use of the simulations. It guides the user through hundreds of exercises and examples, illustrates fundamental physical principles, and contains notes on the relevant physics. This paperback (without CD-ROM) is intended for students who have access to the simulations on a local area network. This package provides an interactive resource for those studying solid state physics at advanced undergraduate or graduate level. It will also be of interest and value to researchers in physics, materials science, electrical engineering, chemistry and chemical engineerin