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We have deliberately given a distinctive historical flavor to the book, in part because the history of the subject is of special interest to many students. More importantly, we are convinced that many scientific topics are more comprehensible if they are introduced with some regard to the way in which they originally came to be understood. For example, attempts to present the laws of thermodynamics as postulates are in our opinion unsatisfactory from the pedagogical point of view. A presentation in terms of how the laws of thermodynamics were deduced from the experimental evidence is, we think, much easier for students to understand. In addition, by seeing the historical development of a subject we learn more about the scientific method than we can learn in any other way.
We realize that an historical approach may be dubbed "old-fashioned," but fashion must surely give way to effectiveness. We have also included eleven short biographies of scientists, chosen not because we think their work more important than that rf others (for who is able to make such a judgment?), but because we find their lives and careers to be of particular interest.
Several special aids are provided for the student in this book. New to this edition is the Objectives section listing key ideas or techniques that the student should have mastered after finishing the chapter. The Preview of each chapter describes the material to be presented in a brief narrative that gives a sense of unity to the material of the chapter. All new terms are in italics or in boldface type. Particular attention should be paid to these terms as well as to the equations that are boxed for special emphasis. Key equations that appear in the chapter occur in a concise listing at the end of each chapter. The mathematical relationships provided in Appendix C should prove useful as a handy reference.
We realize that an historical approach may be dubbed "old-fashioned," but fashion must surely give way to effectiveness. We have also included eleven short biographies of scientists, chosen not because we think their work more important than that rf others (for who is able to make such a judgment?), but because we find their lives and careers to be of particular interest.
Several special aids are provided for the student in this book. New to this edition is the Objectives section listing key ideas or techniques that the student should have mastered after finishing the chapter. The Preview of each chapter describes the material to be presented in a brief narrative that gives a sense of unity to the material of the chapter. All new terms are in italics or in boldface type. Particular attention should be paid to these terms as well as to the equations that are boxed for special emphasis. Key equations that appear in the chapter occur in a concise listing at the end of each chapter. The mathematical relationships provided in Appendix C should prove useful as a handy reference.
作者簡介
KEITH J. LAIDLER - University of Ottawa
EmeritusJOHN H. MEISER - Ball State University
BRYAN C. SANCTUARY - McGill University
EmeritusJOHN H. MEISER - Ball State University
BRYAN C. SANCTUARY - McGill University
序
In this fourth edition of our book we have preserved much of the material of the former editions, making changes only to improve understanding of the concepts or include some of the latest discoveries in physical chemistry. Many chapters have new sections and the coverage of several chapters has been greatly expanded. Unfortunately, in order to save space, we had to delete Chapter 20, Macromolecules. Because of the importance of some ideas in that chapter to other areas of physical chemistry, we have, however, transferred that material to other appropriate chapters.
Most of the numerical values for fundamental properties had to be adjusted in the light of recent data. A major new addition to thermodynamic data has been made in Appendix D; in addition, a table of CODATA thermodynamic data has been added that includes values for 8°(298.15 K) - H°(O). The data in Appendix D relate to data at 1 bar pressure.
A number of new problems are included in the fourth edition, giving instructors ample choices for their students. The sets of problems cover a wide range of subject matter and difficulty. This new edition, as well as its accompanying Solutions Manual, has been thoroughly checked for accuracy.
With this edition, we are pleased to introduce a particularly useful way to visualize physical processes. The CD included with this text allows the student to utilize many interactive graphs of physical relationships. The user can ascertain the effect of changing a variable in what might be a complex relationship. In addition, many figures are animated and give a clear understanding of difficult concepts. Included dialogue, textual information, and text links give the student a well rounded way to learn.
Most of the numerical values for fundamental properties had to be adjusted in the light of recent data. A major new addition to thermodynamic data has been made in Appendix D; in addition, a table of CODATA thermodynamic data has been added that includes values for 8°(298.15 K) - H°(O). The data in Appendix D relate to data at 1 bar pressure.
A number of new problems are included in the fourth edition, giving instructors ample choices for their students. The sets of problems cover a wide range of subject matter and difficulty. This new edition, as well as its accompanying Solutions Manual, has been thoroughly checked for accuracy.
With this edition, we are pleased to introduce a particularly useful way to visualize physical processes. The CD included with this text allows the student to utilize many interactive graphs of physical relationships. The user can ascertain the effect of changing a variable in what might be a complex relationship. In addition, many figures are animated and give a clear understanding of difficult concepts. Included dialogue, textual information, and text links give the student a well rounded way to learn.
目次
1 The Nature of Physical Chemistry and the Kinetic Theory of Gases
2 The First Law of Thermodynamics
3 The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
4 Chemical Equilibrium
5 Phases and Solutions
6 Phase Equilibria
7 Solutions of Electrolytes
8 Electrochemical Cells
9 Chemical Kinetics I. The Basic Ideas
10 Chemical Kinetics II. Composite Mechanisms
11 Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Structure
12 The Chemical Bond
13 Foundations of Chemical Spectroscopy
14 Some Modern Applications of Spectroscopy
15 Statistical Mechanics
16 The Solid State
17 The Liquid State
18 Surface Chemistry and Colloids
19 Transport Properties
Appendix A Units, Quantities, and Symbols: The SI/IUPAC Recommendations
Appendix B Physical Constants
Appendix C Some Mathematical Relationships
Appendix D Standard Enthalpies, Entropies, and Gibbs Energies of Formation
Appendix E Character Tables for Some Important Symmetry Groups in Chemistry
Answers to Problems
2 The First Law of Thermodynamics
3 The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
4 Chemical Equilibrium
5 Phases and Solutions
6 Phase Equilibria
7 Solutions of Electrolytes
8 Electrochemical Cells
9 Chemical Kinetics I. The Basic Ideas
10 Chemical Kinetics II. Composite Mechanisms
11 Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Structure
12 The Chemical Bond
13 Foundations of Chemical Spectroscopy
14 Some Modern Applications of Spectroscopy
15 Statistical Mechanics
16 The Solid State
17 The Liquid State
18 Surface Chemistry and Colloids
19 Transport Properties
Appendix A Units, Quantities, and Symbols: The SI/IUPAC Recommendations
Appendix B Physical Constants
Appendix C Some Mathematical Relationships
Appendix D Standard Enthalpies, Entropies, and Gibbs Energies of Formation
Appendix E Character Tables for Some Important Symmetry Groups in Chemistry
Answers to Problems
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