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Most of the literature on Reconstruction has largely neglected to examine the struggles of African Americans for equal rights in the North, notes Bavis (emeritus, history, Southern Connecticut State U.), who here examines the work of northern blacks to achieve black male suffrage and equal access to the public schools in the 1860s and 1870s. He examines the motivations of northern African Americans for the establishment of the National Equal Rights League, the arguments they marshaled on behalf of universal male suffrage and their interactions with white Republicans prior to the ratification of the 15th Amendment, the ways in which attention shifted after ratification towards desegregation in the schools and the electoral strategies they used towards achieving this goal, and the ways northern blacks responded to the abandonment of Reconstruction by white Republicans. Annotation c2011 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)