Many scholars believe that visual mental imagery plays a key role in reasoning. InSpace to Reason, Markus Knauff argues against this view, proposing that visualimages are not relevant for reasoning and can even impede the process. He also argues against theclaim that human thinking is solely based on abstract symbols and is completely embedded inlanguage. Knauff proposes a third way to think about human reasoning that relies on supramodalspatial layout models, which are more abstract than pictorial images and moreconcrete than linguistic representations. He argues that these spatial layoutmodels are at the heart of human thought, even thought about nonspatial relations in theworld.
For Knauff the visual images that we so often associate with reasoning areonly in the foreground of conscious experience. Behind the images, the actual logical work iscarried out by reasoning-specific operations on these spatial layout models. Knauff also offers asolution to the problem of indeterminacy in human reasoning, introducing the notion of apreferred layout model, which is one layout model among others that has the bestchance of being mentally constructed and thus guides the further process of thought. Knauff's"space to reason" theory covers the functional, the algorithmic, and the implementationallevel of analysis and is corroborated by psychological experiments, functional brain imaging, andcomputational modeling.
外文書商品之書封，為出版社提供之樣本。實際出貨商品，以出版社所提供之現有版本為主。部份書籍，因出版社供應狀況特殊，匯率將依實際狀況做調整。
無庫存之商品，在您完成訂單程序之後，將以空運的方式為你下單調貨。為了縮短等待的時間，建議您將外文書與其他商品分開下單，以獲得最快的取貨速度，平均調貨時間為1~2個月。
為了保護您的權益，「三民網路書店」提供會員七日商品鑑賞期(收到商品為起始日)。
若要辦理退貨，請在商品鑑賞期內寄回，且商品必須是全新狀態與完整包裝(商品、附件、發票、隨貨贈品等)否則恕不接受退貨。
