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Fundamental Chemistry Principles and Applications（簡體書）
商品資訊
ISBN13：9787122347053
出版社：化學工業出版社
作者：(美)威廉‧L.馬斯特頓; (美)塞西爾‧N.赫爾利; 傅迎
出版日：2019/10/01
裝訂／頁數：平裝／445頁
規格：24cm*17cm (高/寬)
商品簡介
目次
商品簡介
《Fundamental Chemistry: Principles and Applications》主要參考我國醫學類相關專業《基礎化學》教學大綱所規定的教學內容改編而成，整合改編後共15章內容，主要包括：原子(Atoms)、電子結構和元素週期表(Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table)、共價鍵(Covalent Bonding)、熱力學(Thermochemistry)、自發反應(Spontaneity of Reaction)、氣體的化學平衡(Gaseous Chemical Equilibrium)、反應速率(Rate of Reaction)、液體和固體(Liquids and Solids)、溶液(Solutions)、酸和堿(Acids and Bases)、酸堿平衡(Equilibria in Acid-Base Solutions)、沉澱溶解平衡(Precipitation Equilibrium)、電化學(Electrochemistry)、配位化合物(Complex Ions)以及核反應(Nuclear Reactions)。在本書的改編過程中，在尊重原教材版權的基礎上，編者在遵循適合我國教材所涵蓋的知識體系的同時，盡可能體現原書的風格和特點，使內容更加精煉緊湊。
《Fundamental Chemistry: Principles and Applications》可供國內基礎、臨床、口腔、麻醉、預防、護理、生物工程、藥學等醫學類相關專業基礎化學類課程的雙語教學和留學生教學使用，也可供其他專業基礎化學雙語教學的師生及科技工作者用作參考書。
《Fundamental Chemistry: Principles and Applications》可供國內基礎、臨床、口腔、麻醉、預防、護理、生物工程、藥學等醫學類相關專業基礎化學類課程的雙語教學和留學生教學使用，也可供其他專業基礎化學雙語教學的師生及科技工作者用作參考書。
目次
1 Atoms 1
1-1Atoms and the Atomic Theory 1
1-2Components of the Atom 2
The Human Side: John Dalton 3
1-3Quantitative Properties of the Atom 5
1-4Introduction to the Periodic Table 11
Beyond The Classroom: Mastering the Peri'god'ic Table 14
Summary Problems 16
Questions and Problems 16
2 Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table 19
2-1Light, Photon Energies, and Atomic Spectra 20
2-2The Hydrogen Atom 25
2-3Quantum Numbers 28
2-4Atomic Orbitals; Shapes and Sizes 32
2-5Electron Configurations in Atoms 33
The Human Side: Glenn Theodore Seaborg 37
2-6Orbital Diagrams of Atoms 38
2-7Electron Arrangements in Monatomic Ions 40
2-8Periodic Trends in the Properties of Atoms 43
Beyond The Classroom: Why Do Lobsters Turn Red When Cooked 47
Summary Problems 49
Questions and Problems 49
3 Covalent Bonding 52
3-1Lewis Structures; The Octet Rule 53
The Human Side: Gilbert Newton Lewis 62
3-2Molecular Geometry 62
3-3Polarity of Molecules 70
3-4Atomic Orbitals; Hybridization 73
Beyond The Classroom: The Noble Gases 80
Summary Problems 81
Questions and Problems 81
4 Thermochemistry 85
4-1Principles of Heat Flow 86
4-2Measurement of Heat Flow; Calorimetry 90
4-3Enthalpy 93
4-4Thermochemical Equations 94
4-5Enthalpies of Formation 100
4-6Bond Enthalpy 105
4-7The First Law of Thermodynamics 107
Beyond The Classroom: Energy Balance in the Human Body 111
Summary Problems 113
Questions and Problems 113
5 Spontaneity of Reaction 116
5-1 Spontaneous Processes 117
5-2 Entropy, S 119
5-3 Free Energy, G 123
The Human Side: J. Willard Gibbs 125
5-4 Standard Free Energy Change, ΔG 125
5-5 Effect of Temperature, Pressure, and Concentration on Reaction Spontaneity 129
5-6 The Free Energy Change and the Equilibrium Constant 134
5-7 Additivity of Free Energy Changes; Coupled Reactions 135
Beyond The Classroom: Rubber Elasticity: An Entropic Phenomenon 137
Summary Problems 139
Questions and Problems 139
6 Gaseous Chemical Equilibrium 144
6-1 The N2O4?CNO2 Equilibrium System 145
6-2 The Equilibrium Constant Expression 148
6-3 Determination of K 153
6-4 Applications of the Equilibrium Constant 156
6-5 Effect of Changes in Conditions on an Equilibrium System 161
Beyond The Classroom: An Industrial Application of Gaseous Equilibrium 166
Summary Problems 168
Questions and Problems 169
7 Rate of Reaction 171
7-1 Meaning of Reaction Rate 171
7-2 Reaction Rate and Concentration 174
7-3 Reactant Concentration and Time 180
7-4 Models for Reaction Rate 186
The Human Side: Henry Eyring 189
7-5 Reaction Rate and Temperature 190
7-6 Catalysis 193
7-7 Reaction Mechanisms 195
Beyond The Classroom: The Ozone Story 199
Summary Problems 201
Questions and Problems 202
8 Liquids and Solids 206
8-1Comparing Solids, Liquids, and Gases 206
8-2Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium 207
8-3Phase Diagrams 213
8-4Molecular Substances; Intermolecular Forces 216
Beyond The Classroom: Supercritical Carbon Dioxide 222
Summary Problems 224
Questions and Problems 224
9 Solutions 227
9-1Concentration Units 227
9-2Principles of Solubility 236
9-3Colligative Properties of Nonelectrolytes 241
9-4Colligative Properties of Electrolytes 250
Beyond The Classroom: Maple Syrup 252
Summary Problems 254
Questions and Problems 254
10 Acids and Bases 257
10-1Br nsted-Lowry Acid-Base Model 257
10-2The Ion Product of Water 259
10-3pH and pOH 259
10-4Weak Acids and Their Equilibrium Constants 265
10-5Weak Bases and Their Equilibrium Constants 274
10-6Acid-Base Properties of Salt Solutions 278
10-7Extending the Concept of Acids and Bases: The Lewis Model 281
Beyond The Classroom: Organic Acids and Bases 282
Summary Problems 285
Questions and Problems 285
11 Equilibria in Acid-Base Solutions 288
11-1Buffers 288
11-2Acid-Base Indicators 299
11-3Acid-Base Titrations 302
Beyond The Classroom: Acid Rain 311
Summary Problems 313
Questions and Problems 313
12 Precipitation Equilibria 316
12-1Solubility; Solubility Product Constant (Ksp) 316
12-2Precipitate Formation 323
12-3Dissolving Precipitates 327
Beyond The Classroom: Qualitative Analysis 331
Summary Problems 333
Questions and Problems 334
13 Electrochemistry 337
13-1Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Revisited 338
13-2Voltaic Cells 342
13-3Standard Voltages 346
13-4Relations Between E , DG , and K 353
13-5Effect of Concentration on Voltage 355
Beyond The Classroom: Fuel Cells: The Next Step in Chemical-to-Electrical-Energy Conversion 359
Summary Problems 361
Questions and Problems 362
14 Complex Ions 366
14-1Composition of Complex Ions 367
14-2Naming Complex Ions and Coordination Compounds 371
14-3Geometry of Complex Ions 373
14-4Electronic Structure of Complex Ions 377
The Human Side: Alfred Werner 377
14-5Complex Ion Equilibria; Formation Constant (Kf) 382
Beyond The Classroom: Chelates: Natural and Synthetic 384
Summary Problems 386
Questions and Problems 387
15 Nuclear Reactions 389
15-1Nuclear Stability 389
15-2Radioactivity 391
The Human Side: Marie and Pierre Curie with daughter Irene, at their home near Paris 397
15-3Rate of Radioactive Decay 397
15-4Mass-Energy Relations 400
15-5Nuclear Fission 404
15-6Nuclear Fusion 407
Beyond The Classroom: Biological Effects of Radiation 409
Summary Problems 410
Questions and Problems 410
Appendices
Appendix 1 Units, Constants and Reference Data 413
Appendix 2 Properties of the Elements 419
Appendix 3 Exponents and Logarithms 421
Appendix 4 Molecular Orbitals 426
Appendix 5 Answers to All Questions and Problems 431
Conversion Factors 443
Table of Atomic Masses 444
IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements 445
1-1Atoms and the Atomic Theory 1
1-2Components of the Atom 2
The Human Side: John Dalton 3
1-3Quantitative Properties of the Atom 5
1-4Introduction to the Periodic Table 11
Beyond The Classroom: Mastering the Peri'god'ic Table 14
Summary Problems 16
Questions and Problems 16
2 Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table 19
2-1Light, Photon Energies, and Atomic Spectra 20
2-2The Hydrogen Atom 25
2-3Quantum Numbers 28
2-4Atomic Orbitals; Shapes and Sizes 32
2-5Electron Configurations in Atoms 33
The Human Side: Glenn Theodore Seaborg 37
2-6Orbital Diagrams of Atoms 38
2-7Electron Arrangements in Monatomic Ions 40
2-8Periodic Trends in the Properties of Atoms 43
Beyond The Classroom: Why Do Lobsters Turn Red When Cooked 47
Summary Problems 49
Questions and Problems 49
3 Covalent Bonding 52
3-1Lewis Structures; The Octet Rule 53
The Human Side: Gilbert Newton Lewis 62
3-2Molecular Geometry 62
3-3Polarity of Molecules 70
3-4Atomic Orbitals; Hybridization 73
Beyond The Classroom: The Noble Gases 80
Summary Problems 81
Questions and Problems 81
4 Thermochemistry 85
4-1Principles of Heat Flow 86
4-2Measurement of Heat Flow; Calorimetry 90
4-3Enthalpy 93
4-4Thermochemical Equations 94
4-5Enthalpies of Formation 100
4-6Bond Enthalpy 105
4-7The First Law of Thermodynamics 107
Beyond The Classroom: Energy Balance in the Human Body 111
Summary Problems 113
Questions and Problems 113
5 Spontaneity of Reaction 116
5-1 Spontaneous Processes 117
5-2 Entropy, S 119
5-3 Free Energy, G 123
The Human Side: J. Willard Gibbs 125
5-4 Standard Free Energy Change, ΔG 125
5-5 Effect of Temperature, Pressure, and Concentration on Reaction Spontaneity 129
5-6 The Free Energy Change and the Equilibrium Constant 134
5-7 Additivity of Free Energy Changes; Coupled Reactions 135
Beyond The Classroom: Rubber Elasticity: An Entropic Phenomenon 137
Summary Problems 139
Questions and Problems 139
6 Gaseous Chemical Equilibrium 144
6-1 The N2O4?CNO2 Equilibrium System 145
6-2 The Equilibrium Constant Expression 148
6-3 Determination of K 153
6-4 Applications of the Equilibrium Constant 156
6-5 Effect of Changes in Conditions on an Equilibrium System 161
Beyond The Classroom: An Industrial Application of Gaseous Equilibrium 166
Summary Problems 168
Questions and Problems 169
7 Rate of Reaction 171
7-1 Meaning of Reaction Rate 171
7-2 Reaction Rate and Concentration 174
7-3 Reactant Concentration and Time 180
7-4 Models for Reaction Rate 186
The Human Side: Henry Eyring 189
7-5 Reaction Rate and Temperature 190
7-6 Catalysis 193
7-7 Reaction Mechanisms 195
Beyond The Classroom: The Ozone Story 199
Summary Problems 201
Questions and Problems 202
8 Liquids and Solids 206
8-1Comparing Solids, Liquids, and Gases 206
8-2Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium 207
8-3Phase Diagrams 213
8-4Molecular Substances; Intermolecular Forces 216
Beyond The Classroom: Supercritical Carbon Dioxide 222
Summary Problems 224
Questions and Problems 224
9 Solutions 227
9-1Concentration Units 227
9-2Principles of Solubility 236
9-3Colligative Properties of Nonelectrolytes 241
9-4Colligative Properties of Electrolytes 250
Beyond The Classroom: Maple Syrup 252
Summary Problems 254
Questions and Problems 254
10 Acids and Bases 257
10-1Br nsted-Lowry Acid-Base Model 257
10-2The Ion Product of Water 259
10-3pH and pOH 259
10-4Weak Acids and Their Equilibrium Constants 265
10-5Weak Bases and Their Equilibrium Constants 274
10-6Acid-Base Properties of Salt Solutions 278
10-7Extending the Concept of Acids and Bases: The Lewis Model 281
Beyond The Classroom: Organic Acids and Bases 282
Summary Problems 285
Questions and Problems 285
11 Equilibria in Acid-Base Solutions 288
11-1Buffers 288
11-2Acid-Base Indicators 299
11-3Acid-Base Titrations 302
Beyond The Classroom: Acid Rain 311
Summary Problems 313
Questions and Problems 313
12 Precipitation Equilibria 316
12-1Solubility; Solubility Product Constant (Ksp) 316
12-2Precipitate Formation 323
12-3Dissolving Precipitates 327
Beyond The Classroom: Qualitative Analysis 331
Summary Problems 333
Questions and Problems 334
13 Electrochemistry 337
13-1Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Revisited 338
13-2Voltaic Cells 342
13-3Standard Voltages 346
13-4Relations Between E , DG , and K 353
13-5Effect of Concentration on Voltage 355
Beyond The Classroom: Fuel Cells: The Next Step in Chemical-to-Electrical-Energy Conversion 359
Summary Problems 361
Questions and Problems 362
14 Complex Ions 366
14-1Composition of Complex Ions 367
14-2Naming Complex Ions and Coordination Compounds 371
14-3Geometry of Complex Ions 373
14-4Electronic Structure of Complex Ions 377
The Human Side: Alfred Werner 377
14-5Complex Ion Equilibria; Formation Constant (Kf) 382
Beyond The Classroom: Chelates: Natural and Synthetic 384
Summary Problems 386
Questions and Problems 387
15 Nuclear Reactions 389
15-1Nuclear Stability 389
15-2Radioactivity 391
The Human Side: Marie and Pierre Curie with daughter Irene, at their home near Paris 397
15-3Rate of Radioactive Decay 397
15-4Mass-Energy Relations 400
15-5Nuclear Fission 404
15-6Nuclear Fusion 407
Beyond The Classroom: Biological Effects of Radiation 409
Summary Problems 410
Questions and Problems 410
Appendices
Appendix 1 Units, Constants and Reference Data 413
Appendix 2 Properties of the Elements 419
Appendix 3 Exponents and Logarithms 421
Appendix 4 Molecular Orbitals 426
Appendix 5 Answers to All Questions and Problems 431
Conversion Factors 443
Table of Atomic Masses 444
IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements 445
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